The last imperial dynasty to rule China was the qing dynasty, the so-called Manchu dynasty. It was founded in the northeast of the country, from a clan of the Manchu ethnic group. It was established in 1644 and its capital was Beijing until the last emperor was forced to abdicate in 1912. It must be remembered that the Han ethnic group is the majority ethnic group in China and that the Manchu are a minority. The clan became strong when a Ming vassal began to gain importance and gain more control to the point that it formed a Manchu state that eventually prevailed over the Ming dynasty in a long process of internals and battles.
Thus arrived in the XNUMXth century, it was the turn of this same dynasty to begin the process of modernizing China, which, when in contact with the West, was evident that in many respects it was a backward empire. It began with the army but the truth is that the results were not very good (China lost the Sino-Japanese war) and its indecisions and bad policies on the path of modernization generated equal discomfort among conservative nobles and revolutionaries. So the power behind the throne was in the hands of Empress Dowager Cixi.
Thus we come to the twentieth century, a time of revolutions throughout the world and here in China of the revolutionary movement led by sun yat sen, the Revolution of 1911. In China a new chapter of history was beginning to be written that would end centuries of empire.