Gorky It is an industrial city of the Russian Federation and a port on the Volga River, located 380 km east of Moscow. It was founded as a fort in 1221 and grew to become a riverside commercial center.
In the 1932th century the most important trade fair in Russia was held there. Originally called Nizhny Novgorod, in XNUMX it received the name Gorky in honor of the Russian writer Maxim Gorky (1868-1936) who was born and raised in its slums. In works like "Infancia", autobiographical and published in 1913-1014, he described the critical conditions in which the poor lived.
In the times of the communist regime, Gorky was a city forbidden to foreigners, as it was a place of internal political exile. The dissident and Soviet scientist Andrei Sakharov was deported to that city in 1980.
Volga cars are manufactured in Gorky, as well as river boats and hydrofoils. Among its other industries are the refining of petroleum and the construction of airplanes, diesel engines, machines, tools, papermaking and agricultural equipment.
As of 1999, the city again took the name of Nizhny Novgorod.