Cikin Gidan Tarihi na Anne Frank
Amsterdam shine ɗayan ɗayan mafi cikakken birane a Turai: daga balaguron ruwa ta cikin magudanar ruwa zuwa lambunan tulip da majami'u na wani lokaci suna wucewa ta wurare masu kyau kamar gidan Anne Frank. Mafaka wanda, shekaru da yawa bayan munanan abubuwan da ya gani, a buɗe yake ga jama'a don tunatar da mu game da mahimmancin duniya ba tare da yaƙi ko rikici ba. Shin kuna tafe tare da mu zuwa ziyarci gidan Anne Frank?
Gidan Anne Frank: X-ray na labarin tsoro
A lokacin da aka sani da Yaren mutanen Dutch Golden AgeA cikin karni na XNUMX, yahudawa da yawa suka zo suna tsere daga ƙasashe irin su Fotigal ko Spain don zama a birane kamar su Amsterdam. Zai kasance anan inda duwatsu masu daraja zasu fara gina Quan Yahudawa wanda ya zama ɗayan shahararrun wurare a cikin garin hanyoyin ruwa. Koyaya, babu ɗayansu da ke bayyanar da bayyanar wani mutum mai suna Adolf Hitler wanda sojojinsa na Nazi zasu mamaye birnin a farkon shekarun 40.
La dangi gaskiya, wanda Otto Frank, matarsa Edith Hollander da 'yayansu Margot da Ana suka kafa, sun yanke shawarar tserewa daga Jamus don sauka a Amsterdam, inda suka sadaukar da kansu ga cinikin kayan ƙanshi. Wani yanayi mara kyau na rashin hankali wanda aka gajarta lokacin da 'yan Nazi suka mamaye garin Dutch.
Kafin lokaci ya kure, dangin sun nemi mafaka a "Sirrin Rataye," wani sirri ne na ajiyar kayan ajiyar a cikin Tashar bugawa dake yamma da Amsterdam. Sauran mutane huɗu sun haɗu da su: Fritz Pfeffer, wani likitan haƙori na Bayahude na Otto, da dangin van Pels na Hermann da Auguste van Pels da ɗansu Peter. An fara wannan aikin ne a ranar 9 ga Yulin 1942.
Jim kaɗan kafin wannan kwanan wata, kuma ya dace da ranar haihuwar Ana ta 13th, iyayensa sun bashi diary wanda ya zama ainihin matattarar yarinyar a lokacin ɓoyewar shekaru. Wasu zanen gado wanda a ciki ta rubuta ba wai kawai game da duniyar yarinyar shekarunta ba, amma game da tashin hankali da rikice-rikice na duniyar da ta fara fahimta.
Bayan da Nazis suka gano shi a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1944, an raba iyalin kuma aka tura su sansanonin taro daban-daban. Anne da 'yar uwarta Margot sun mutu sakamakon cutar sanƙarau a cikin Maris 1045 a sansanin Bergen-Belsen., kasancewar mahaifinsa Otto ne kawai wanda ya tsira daga wannan mafarkin. Bayan sun dawo Amsterdam, mutanen da ke kula da kare wurin sa a cikin watannin sa a "gidan sirrin", suka ba shi takardu da littafin tarihin 'yarsa.
A 1947, An buga littafin Anne Frank kuma ya zama mai nasara kuma, sabanin haka, a cikin mafi kyawun abin da ya kasance ɗayan mafi duhun al'amuran ɗan adam. Shaharar littafin ya ja hankalin masu karatu da mazauna garin wadanda suka fara tunkarar gidan da komai ya faru, wanda ake shirin rusa shi a shekarun 50.
Abin farin ciki, an buɗe gidan tarihin Anne Frank House a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1960, nan take ya zama ɗayan wuraren da za'a ziyarta yayin kowane zama a cikin birnin Amsterdam.
Binciken Anne Frank House
Gidan ajiyar kayan tarihi na Anne Frank House wanda yake a 263-267 Prinsengracht, ya kunshi babban gini inda Otto Frank ya mallaki kasuwancin sa da kuma gidan haɗin ginin daga baya idan aka kwatanta shi da gidan kayan gargajiya. Gida na farko ya ƙunshi falon ƙasa wanda a ciki yankin yanki yake da kuma bayan wurin da aka sanya kayan ƙanshi, yayin da ofisoshin ma'aikatan Otto aka girka a hawa na farko, waɗanda suka ƙaura da kasuwancinsa zuwa wannan adireshin A cikin 1940.
An sani kamar Achterhuis (ko Sirrin Rataye), ƙarin gini ne wanda ke kewaye da gidaje makwabta wanda ya ba da damar ɓoye matsayinsa, yana mai da shi cikakken mafaka ga iyali.
Duk lokacin ziyarar, musamman bayan wucewa babban akwatin littafi wanda, kamar ƙofa, ya ɓoye hanyar shiga "asirin gidan" ya fara rangadin wuraren da ke ba da sha'awa ga duka buri da jinƙai. Ziyartar gidan ya hada da jagorar odiyo kyauta, aboki ne mai mahimmanci idan yazo da fahimtar tarihin dangin Frank ko yadda suka ɗauki sararin da zasu raba sama da shekaru biyu.
Ta wannan hanyar, zamu iya samun damar shiga gidan wanka wanda aka fara nutsewa a cikin gidan, ɗakin da bangonsa yake Ana ya buga takardu daban-daban na gumakanta na zane, ko kuma tagogin da danginsu suka taɓa sanya manyan yadudduka don ɓoye matsayinku. . Kusa da dakin Ana shine na sauran dangin ta, yayin da bene na sama ke dauke da dakunan kwana na van Pel kuma, ba da daɗewa ba, zaku iya samun damar hawa ɗakin, a ɓangaren sama.
Ziyara zuwa gidan Anne Frank ya haɗu zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya wanda aka ɗauka jerin rikodin, sauti, bidiyo da takardu suna tserar da ɗanɗano daga dangi kuma, musamman, daga Otto Frank bayan dawowarsa Amsterdam. Maganganu masu jan hankali wadanda, a kalla a cikina, suka haifar da dunkulewa a cikin makogorona, tunda sama da komai, kwarewar ziyartar gidan ya kasance a karshensa mafi ingancin gani na firgitar da aka yiwa mazaunanta. Hakanan gidan kayan gargajiya yana da gidan abinci da shago inda zaku iya samun abubuwan tunawa ko kwafin jaridar.
Ganin kwararar gidan Anne Frank, yana da kyau ka isa da wuri-wuri a ƙofar ko ajiye tikiti a gaba ta hanyar ka shafin yanar gizo.
Gidan Tarihi na Anne Frank House ana bude shi kowace rana daga 9:00 na safe zuwa 23:00 na dare.
Binciken ɗayan manyan abubuwan gani na Amsterdam yana nufin yin shi a ɗayan ɗayan abubuwan zubar da jini a tarihi. Tafiya a cikin rayuwar yarinya da aikinta wanda tunaninta na duniya bai hada da zafi da wahala wanda dubban yahudawa suka sha wahala cikin tarihi ba, amma musamman a cikin ƙarni na XNUMX.
Kuna so ku ziyarci gidan Anne Frank?