Ofayan sanannun wuraren tarihi a duniya shine hasumiyar Pisa. Tana cikin gari wanda ke da suna iri ɗaya, daidai a cikin 'Piazza del Duomo de Pisa'. Wuri, babu shakka alamar alama kamar wannan hasumiyar da ke da ɗayan manyan abubuwan alamomin kuma take zaune a cikin son ta.
Idan kun riga kun ziyarce shi, tabbas zai haskaka muku da kyau, idan ba haka ba, har yanzu kuna iya barin kanku ta hanyar duk abin da za mu gaya muku, kafin tafiya a kan tafiyarku. Labarinsa, dalilin karkatarsa da kuma wasu bayanan da yawa wadanda zaka gano idan kawai ka ci gaba da karantawa.
Yadda ake zuwa Hasumiyar Pisa
Wannan hasumiyar tana cikin Tuscany, wanda babban birninta yake Florence. Tana nan a gabar yammacin kasar Italia kuma tana da tazarar kusan kilomita 85 daga babban birnin, ma'ana, daga Florence. Don isa Pisa, zaku iya zuwa yawon shakatawa ko balaguro, wanda ya sa duk tafiyar ta zama mai daɗi kuma suna gaya muku duk bayanan da zaku gani da ziyarta. A gefe guda, don yin tafiya da kanku, kuna da jirgin ƙasa. Daga Florence zuwa Pisa akwai kimanin minti 60 kuma zai biya ku ƙasa da euro 9. Wani zaɓi kuma shine hayar mota da kuma tsayawa daidai gwargwadon kar a rasa kowace kusurwa yayin wucewa. Ka tuna cewa kilomita ɗaya kawai daga Pisa, zaku sami tashar jirgin sama. Ga abin da ya fi sauƙi, ba shi yiwuwa. An kuma san shi da Filin jirgin saman Galileo Galilei.
Piazza del Duomo
Da zarar mun kasance a cikin garin Pisa, dole ne mu shiga zuciyarta. Dama a tsakiyar sa zamu sami wuri mai alama, ba tare da wata shakka ba. 'La Plaza de la Catedral', yana ba mu damar jin daɗin yanki mai shinge, inda za mu sami shimfidar ƙasa, amma wani lokacin, ciyawa ke kewaye da shi. Haɗuwa wanda tuni yake nuna kyawun wuri kamar wannan. A can za ku ga abubuwa huɗu na alamun gini na wurin.
- Duomo: Dama a tsakiyar, za a yi mana maraba da babban coci na da wanda aka sadaukar don Zato na Budurwa. Za mu ga fasahar Pisan Romanesque a cikin dukkan darajarta. Ginin ya fara a 1063 kuma an fadada shafin a karni na XNUMX. Kodayake abin da za mu iya gani a yau sakamakon sabuntawa da yawa ne.
- Gidan wanka: An sadaukar da shi ne ga Saint John Baptist. Kasancewa a gaban babban coci kuma an fara ginin a shekara ta 1152, kuma a cikin salon Romanesque.
- Hasumiyar Pisa: Ba tare da wata shakka ba, jarumarmu ta yau. Hasumiyar da aka fara ginawa a shekarar 1173 kuma tun daga wannan lokacin tuni ta fara durƙusuwa. Tsayinsa ya kai kimanin mita 55 kuma yana da matakai takwas.
- Filin Tsarki: Wannan wurin yana dauke da kaburbura sama da 600, kuma mafi yawansu, Greco-Roman. Labarin ya ambaci cewa da zarar an binne gawar a wannan wuri, sai da aka kwashe awanni 24 kafin narkewar.
Me yasa hasumiyar ta jingina?
An ce tuni, da zarar an fara aikinta, sai ta fara latsewa. Ya kamata a ambata cewa wannan ginin an yi shi ne a matakai uku. Farkon aikin ginin ya fara ne a cikin 1173, tare da farin marmara da rabin ginshiƙai waɗanda sune masu fa'ida na ɓangaren farko na hasumiya ko ƙananan ɓangaren. Lokacin da suka kasance a hawa na uku, a cikin 1178, hasumiyar ta jingina da 'yan mitoci zuwa arewa.
A nan dole ne mu amsa tambayar me yasa son zuciya na fada hasumiya. Da alama dai ƙasar ba ta daidaita kamar yadda ake tsammani ba. Saboda haka, tushensa bai sami ikon abin da kowane irin abubuwan tarihi ke buƙata ba. Ganin cewa tsarinta bai yi daidai ba, sai aka dakatar da gininsa na ƙarni ɗaya. A duk wannan lokacin ne kamar dai ƙasa tana natsuwa, saboda in ba haka ba hasumiyar za ta ruguje.
A cikin 1272 an sake farawa. Anan an yi tsire-tsire huɗu. A saman bene kuma yankin hasumiyar kararrawa an gina shi ne a 1372, bayan wani tsaiko, a wannan yanayin saboda yake-yake. Ta wannan hanyar, yana da tasirin Gothic amma har da salon Romanesque. Ararrawa da muke samu a cikin mafi girman sashi bakwai ne, kowannensu ya dace da bayanin kiɗa.
Shin kana cikin hatsarin rugujewa?
Gaskiyar ita ce ta kasance ɗayan batutuwan muhawara. Ba don kasa bane! Saboda mun fahimci cewa yana da karkatacciyar magana. Don haka, a cikin shekaru 60, an rufe shi kuma gwamnatin Italiya ta nemi taimako don hana faduwarta. Sun tsorata ta fiye da sau ɗaya. Akwai masana da yawa da suka fara nazarin abubuwan da hasumiya kamar wannan ta samu. Bayan sama da shekaru 10 na aikin karfafawa don Hasumiyar Pisa. An sake buɗe shi a cikin 2001 ga jama'a.
Idan ka yi mamaki, akwai hanyoyi da yawa da ake gabatarwa don hana faduwarsa. A ƙarshe, don gyara wasu abubuwan da take son yi, an cire ƙasa da yawa a cikin yankin tushe. Ta wannan hanyar, sun tabbatar da cewa har tsawon shekaru 200, kusan, ba za a sami wani nau'in haɗari ga hasumiyar ba. Don haka, a yau zaku iya zuwa gare shi ku more wasu Hanyoyi masu ban mamaki A duk dokoki. Amma a, don samun damar isa gare su dole ne ku hau sama da matakai 300. Kodayake ba tare da wata shakka ba, yana da daraja! Kodayake ana cewa tatsuniya ce, tsara zuwa tsara ta faɗa cewa daga sama, Galileo Galilei ya jefa abubuwa don yin nazari idan sun faɗi da sauri ko kuma idan sun isa ƙasa a lokaci guda.
Awanni da farashi don ziyartar Hasumiyar Pisa
Ana shiga ƙofar hasumiyar cikin ƙungiyoyi. Saboda wannan dalili, wani lokacin dogayen layukan suna da matuƙar wahala. Lokacin da ka sayi tikiti, za su gaya maka lokacin da za ka iya hawa. Don haka yana da kyau koyaushe a yi ajiyar a gaba. Dole ne ku isa akan lokaci kuma ziyarar zata ɗauki rabin sa'a ne kawai. Yaran da ke ƙasa da shekaru 8 ba za su iya hawa ba kuma waɗanda ba su kai 18 ba dole ne su tafi tare da wani babba. Nasa lokacin rani Daga 8:30 na safe zuwa 22 na dare. A watan Afrilu, Mayu ko Satumba zai kasance daga 9:00 na safe zuwa 20:00 na dare. Yayin da yake cikin watan Maris, daga 9:00 zuwa 18:00.
A watan Oktoba har zuwa 19:00 na yamma yayin da a cikin Nuwamba da Fabrairu daga 9:40 na safe zuwa 17:40 na yamma. Idan ka je a watan Disamba ko Janairu, to za ka hau daga 10:00 zuwa 17:00. Bayan sanin abubuwan jadawalin, ba cuta bane sanin wannan farashin kuma wannan yana kusan yuro 18. Hakanan kuna da zaɓi na yin fare akan yawon shakatawa. Zasu tashi daga Florence kuma yawanci sukan kwashe kimanin awanni biyar. A cikinsu zaku ziyarci duk wuraren tarihin kuma zaku sami damar hawa hasumiyar Pisa.