Kamar yadda yake a cikin sauran ƙasashen Scandinavia, da Yaren mutanen Norway yana da asali a zamanin da. Koyaya, bayyanannun bayyanannun bayyane ya fara daga tsakiyar karni na XNUMX. Wakar ce wacce, duk da tasirin kiristancinta da ba za a iya musuntawa ba, ta hanyar tsohuwar tatsuniyoyin arna ne daga lokacin Vikings.
Wannan kiɗan, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin mai sauƙi da farin ciki, ba shi da wata ma'ana sai nishaɗi da rawa. Kuma kodayake a wani lokaci ya fita daga tsari kuma yana gab da ɓacewa, a halin yanzu yana fuskantar sabon zamani na zinariya. Dalilin: sabbin al'ummomi sun dawo da sha'awar su tarihin Norway da tsoffin hadisan ta.
Tushen kiɗan gargajiya na ƙasar Norway
Hadisin mashahurin mawaƙan titi a cikin manyan biranen ƙasar (Oslo, Bergen da Trondheim) ya kasance ne tun daga ƙarshen Zamanin Zamani. Koyaya, daga ƙarni na XNUMX ne lokacin da aka kafa manyan waƙoƙin kiɗa kuma manyan adadi na farko suka bayyana.
Georg von Bertouch asalin, johan Daniel berlin y johan Henrik Berlin ana la'akari da su, a tsakanin wasu, a matsayin iyayen kidan gargajiya na Yaren mutanen Norway. Wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin sa ko rawa har yanzu ana yin su ta hanyar mawaƙa matasa waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin adanawa da watsa wannan al'adun gargajiyar.
Nau'o'in kiɗan mutanen Norway
Za'a iya raba waƙoƙin gargajiya na Norwegian zuwa manyan fannoni biyu: kayan kiɗa y wakar murya.
Kayan kiɗa
An ɗauki cikinsa sama da duka don rawa. Da Rawa irin ta mutanen Norway (wanda aka sani da satin), Rawa ne da ake yi a cikin rukuni ko nau'i biyu. Koyaya, akwai yanayin rawar mutum da ake kira haling. Karin waƙar da ke rakiyar waɗannan raye-raye yawanci abu ne wanda aka tsara sau biyu ko uku.
da by Tsakar Gida, wani lokacin ake kira Rawan kotuna, suna da alaƙa da wasu ranaku na kalanda musamman waɗanda aka yiwa alama kamar girbi ko Kirsimeti, amma har zuwa bikin aure, jana'iza da sauran shagulgula.
Kiɗa na waƙa
Wannan nau'ikan kiɗan al'adun gargajiyar na Norwegian yana nuni da al'adun gargajiya guda biyu mabambanta:
- La gargajiya sami music, sananne ne don salon waƙoƙi na musamman wanda ake kira wargi. Sautinta yayi daidai da waƙar gargajiya na wasu al'adun ƙasashe masu suna da ake kira Nationsasashen Farko na Arewacin Amurka.
- La kiɗan gargajiya na asalin Jamusawa Ana bayyana ta hanyar jinkirin ballads (kvad ba) da waƙoƙi masu rai, galibi ana inganta su (stev).
Hadin gargajiya
Baya ga waɗannan raƙuman ruwa na tatsuniyoyi guda biyu, mahimmancin kidan waka, har ma sun girmi na biyun da suka gabata. Choirs, sun bazu sosai a cikin labarin wannan ƙasa, ɗayan manyan alamomi ne na 'yan ƙasar Norway. Garin volda, misali, tare da yawan mutane kusan 6.000 mazauna, ba ta da ƙarancin mawaƙa 20 masu aiki. A duk tsawon shekara ana gudanar da bukukuwa da gasa da yawa waɗanda ke tayar da tsammani da sha'awa.
La Norwegianungiyar iciansungiyar Mawaƙa ta Norwegianasar Norway, wanda aka kafa a 1923, yana da mambobi kusan 6.000 kuma ya haɗu da ƙungiyoyi na gida fiye da ɗari.
Kayan kiɗan mutanen Norway
Mafi yawan kayan aikin waka a kasar Norway shine goge. Nau'i ne na musamman na goge, tare da zaren igiya guda biyar da ƙananan siffofi masu lanƙwasa: Hardanger goge. An kirkiro wannan kayan aikin a kudancin ƙasar a ƙarni na XNUMX.
The Hardanger yana dauke da Yaren mutanen Norway. Wataƙila juyin halittar tsohon kayan aikin Scandinavia ne. Ana rarrabe shi ta rikitaccen kayan adonta da sauti mai bayyanawa. A cikin bidiyo mai zuwa zaku iya jin daɗin samfuran ban mamaki na yadda wannan shahararren ɗan hular gargajiyar Norwegian ke sauti:
Yawancin lokaci ana fassara ma'anar waƙoƙi ta guda goge. Koyaya, akwai da yawa sauran kayan gargajiya na Yaren mutanen Norway wanda zai iya raka shi kadai. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:
- El bukkehorn ko kahon akuya.
- El harpeleik, wani irin zither.
- El jan hankali, ƙaho na Scandinavia na gargajiya.
- La tsira ko sarewar willow.
- El shahidan, kama da clarinet.
Makon Kiɗa na Jama'a
Hanya mafi kyau don ganowa da jin daɗin waƙoƙin gargajiya na Yaren mutanen Norway shine zuwa folkemusikkveka (Makon Wakoki na Yaren mutanen Norway). Wannan bikin, wanda aka gabatar tun daga 1976, ya mai da hankali kan bangaren kide-kide duk da cewa yana murnar al'adun kasar ta kowane fanni ta hanya mafi fadi.
Hedikwatar folkemusikkveka shine garin Hallingdal da, wanda ke kusa da kilomita 100 arewa maso yammacin babban birnin, Oslo. Wannan ƙaramin birni shine babban wurin haɗuwa na duk manyan masu faɗin violin a ƙasar gabaɗaya. A cikin wannan makon, baƙi za su iya halartar kowane irin nune-nunen kiɗa, tun daga kide kide da yamma zuwa gasa rawa. Hakanan yana ba da kyakkyawar dama don ɗanɗanar wasu kyawawan jita-jita na abincin Scandinavia.