'Yan asalin ƙasar a Venezuela: Warao

Kabilar Warao

A halin yanzu a Venezuela za mu iya samun sama da kabilu daban-daban na 26: Akawayo, Añu, Arawak del Norte, Bari, Eñepa, Guajibo, Jodi, Kariña, Mapoyo, Pemon, Piaroa, Puinave, Pume, Saliva, Sape, Uruak, Warao, Wayuu , Yanomami, Yavarana, Yekuana, Yeral, Yurpa and Arawak del Sur. Amma a cikin wannan labarin zamu shiga cikin ƙabilar Warao, wani ɗan asalin garin ne wanda yake cikin yankin Orinoco, ɗayan manyan koguna mafi mahimmanci a Latin Amurka kuma wannan ga mafi yawancin yana ratsa Venezuela.

Tsohon zamanin Warao a cikin yankin Orinoco yana da wahalar kafawa, amma binciken da aka yi na baya-bayan nan, wanda ya danganta da kayan yumbu, ya tabbatar da hakan asalinsa ya faro ne tun shekaru 17.000 kafin Kristi. Tare da waɗannan bayanan, komai yana nuna cewa wannan ƙabilar ita ce mafi tsufa a cikin Delta da Venezuela. Kalmar Warao da aka fassara zuwa Castilian na nufin Mutanen kwalekwale.

A halin yanzu da Warao ita ce kabila ta biyu mafi girma a cikin Venezuela a bayan Wayú tare da kimanin mutane 40.000. Kodayake a cikin shekarun 60 akwai abubuwa da yawa da ka iya kaiwa ga halaka ga wannan ƙabilar, kamar ƙarancin ruwan da ƙoshin ƙasa, wanda ya haifar da raguwar kamun kifi, sun san yadda za su dace da sababbin yanayin muhalli, kodayake waɗannan abubuwan sun haifar da ƙaura mai yawa zuwa manyan biranen.

Warao na da matsakaiciyar gini, mai ƙarfi kuma mara gemu. Kamar yadda suke rayuwa a koda yaushe tare da ruwa, batun suttura bashi da mahimmanci a garesu kuma yawanci suna amfani da ƙaramin yadin ne kawai wanda suke ratsawa tsakanin ƙafafunsu kuma suna faɗuwa a gabansu a matsayin abin ɗamara. Madadin haka mata suna yin ado da fuka-fukai, zaren curagua da mundaye duka a wuyan hannu tare da kafafu.

Harshe

Dangane da sabon bayanan da aka samu daga ƙididdigar ƙasar ta Venezuela, daidai da shekarar 2001, a halin yanzu akwai Waraos kusan dubu 36.000 da suka yi rajista. Daga cikin wannan jimlar, wasu 28.000 sun ayyana kansu masu magana da Warao yayin da 3000 suna amfani da Sifeniyanci azaman hanyar sadarwa kawai. Yaren Warao yafi amfani da wannan ƙabilar da yawancin Creoles daga Venezuela.

Abincin

Abincin Warao

Tushen tushen abinci, wanda aka kafa shi a cikin Orinoco Delta shine suna kamun kifi don morocoto da guabina, amma kuma suna farautar ƙananan beraye kamar limpet da acure, duk da cewa suna da zuma da planta fruitan 'ya'yan itace na daji. A lokutan bushewa, kaguji sune asalin abincin su. Moriche shine babban tushen abinci na Warao, wanda sau ɗaya aka fitar dashi daga cikin bishiyar, ta hanyar aikin wahala, ana amfani dashi don kek ɗin yuruma. Amma ba wai kawai ana amfani dashi don abinci ba, amma kuma ana amfani da gindin wannan bishiyar don kera kere-kere da kuma matsayin kari ga gini, walau bango, rufi, gadoji ... Wani amfani da moriche shine ribar- sanannun garayu kamar nahalda.

Ure, tuber mai arzikin sitaci akan lokaci Ya kasance yana maye gurbin sitaci tunda za'a iya girbe shi a duk shekara, wanda ke canza abincin na Waraos.

wurin zama

Gidan Warao

Da Warao an haɗa su a cikin ƙananan al'ummomin da ake kira rancheríkamar yadda, Suna nan a gabar kogin, kuma sun kunshi gidaje kimanin 15, wadanda zasu iya daukar mutane 200. Wadannan al'ummomin suna karkashin jagorancin gwamna, kaftin da kuma mai gabatar da kara wadanda ke kula da tsara ayyukan al'umma da kuma hadisai daban-daban na Warao. Waɗannan matsayi yawanci ana sanya su ga maza. Maimakon gidaje, mai yanke shawara ita ce matar, wacce ke kula da tattalin arzikin gida, rarraba girbi da farauta a tsakanin iyalanta.

Duk gidajen suna haɗe da juna ta ƙananan gadoji waɗanda aka yi da katako, kamar gidajen. Gidajen Ana kiyaye su da ganyen dabino na Temiche kuma wani lokacin suna da katangu suna bin al'adun kakanninsu. Daga wannan bishiyar kuma suke amfani da sandunan da suka dace domin kirkirar gidaje, wadanda a koyaushe suke fuskantar kogin, kuma sun hada da wani kicin da aka yi da yumbu da kuma hammo inda za su huta, tun da yake mafi yawan lokutan da suke ciyarwa a wajen gidajen.

Amma ba wai kawai gidaje aka gina a cikin kogin delta da Morichales suke amfani da shi ba, daga inda suke ɗebo sinadarin, zuwa gina ƙananan gidaje masu sauƙi, an rufe shi da ganyen moriche.

Imani

Imanin Warao yana da alaƙa da ruhohin da ake kira Hebu, wanda aka bayar da dalili, jima'i da son abin da zasu iya zama tabbatacce, mara kyau ko tsaka tsaki, dangane da halayen ɗan adam. Hebu yana nan a cikin dukkan abubuwa da fannoni na rayuwa na Warao, su ma suna kula da sarrafa hadari, ambaliyar ruwa, fari ... A cikin Hebu, mun sami masu kyau da marasa kyau. Ana samun Hebu mai kyau a ƙananan gutsutsuren ma'adanai yayin da masu cutar ke cikin jinin haila. Hebu sun tabbatar da cewa Warao suna rayuwa cikin jituwa, suna ba da daidaito, zaman lafiya da jituwa ga al'umma. Wadannan ruhohin suna cikin jituwa saboda hayakin Wina, wanda akeyi ta hanyar nade taba da ganyen Manaca.

Shigo

Shiga cikin kwale-kwalen na Warao

Tsakanin al'ummomi daban-daban, tunda babu hanyoyi, Warao suna amfani da bututu azaman hanyar sadarwa. Babban hanyar sufuri ita ce curiana ko kwale-kwale cewa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan suna haɗa injunan ƙananan ƙarfi kuma waɗanda ake kerawa daga itace ɗaya da aka tono kuma aka ƙone a ciki don samun damar buɗe shi da kuma shimfida ɓangarorinsa.

Matrimonio

Aure tsakanin Warao yawanci ana yin shi ne bisa tsari tare da mutane daga wasu al'ummomin kuma ba a tsara su da bikin ba. Waraos suna da aminci ga ma'auratan, suna aure tun suna kanana, musamman lokacin da mace ta kai matakin balaga.

ilimi

Ilimin Waraos

Idan babu cibiyoyin ilimi, mafi ƙanƙanta sun dogara da karatun su akan lura da kuma koyon abin da manya keyi. Hakanan tsofaffi suna sadaukar da kai don haɗa kai da ilimin mafi ƙanƙanta ta hanyar ba da labarai wanda a mafi yawan lokuta, sakamakon haka shi ne korar daga cikin al'umma. Ta wannan hanyar suna koyon menene ayyukansu na yau da kullun kuma suna ɗaukar dokokin zamantakewar da ke kula da al'umma.

Hannun Fasaha

Waraos da sana'arta

Waraos koyaushe kwararre ne a fannin tukwane kuma hujja akan wannan sune yawan kayayyakin yumbu da aka ceto daga hakar da aka gudanar a Amacuro Delta. A yau har yanzu suna da ƙwararrun masu fasaha, amma ba a sadaukar da su kamar yadda ya gabata ba kawai ga tukwane, amma kuma suna amfani da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da itacen sangrito don yi kwanduna, abun wuya, siffofin dabbobi, sebucanes, manares, kyawawan yan mata, chinchorros de moriche...

Cultura

Ana ɗaukar Waraos ɗin a matsayin mutane masu farin ciki da farin ciki. Yankin raye-raye na musamman tare da waƙoƙinsu suna da faɗi sosai. Babban kayan kida sun tsufa, kamar su dau-kojo, da najsemoi, da kariso da mujúsemoi (an yi su da tibia na barewa). Amma ba wai kawai amfani da kayan kida na kakanninsu ba, amma kuma amfani da maracas, gangar fatar araguato da goge Turai.


16 comments, bar naka

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  1.   Cristian m

    wannan tsarkakakkiyar karya ce mama ƙwai att cristian jesus barrueta guzman.

  2.   m m

    Yaya kyau shi ……

  3.   m m

    hahahahaha jakarka itching mamagueva

  4.   karl A m

    Ba su da kyau amma wani abu wani abu ne

  5.   DIANA m

    AY LOKACI IDAN KA LASHE HAKA KASAN SAUKI Q CE

  6.   zaman lafiya m

    Ya ku Dearan'uwana maza da mata, ba kwa buƙatar barin tsokaci irin wannan. Bari mu sami ilimin ɗabi'a! Allah ya albarkace ka!!

  7.   raul m

    tsotse webo gaskiya ne

  8.   deysi last m

    Shi ya sa duniya take haka, mutane ba sa daraja mutane.

  9.   erika gonzalez m

    hahahahahaha Na yi shit da dariya….

  10.   sardawan m

    ok kar ayi magana kamar wannan wannan cikakke ne ?????

  11.   alba m

    Rariya

  12.   alba m

    Ka yi tunanin idan kai malamai ne, kuma lallai ne ka ilimantar, da wannan ƙamus ɗin ka ƙare lalata al'umma fiye da yadda yake.

  13.   omarelis m

    Don Allah kar a faɗi waɗannan la'anar?

  14.   kaci chacin m

    yaya tufafin waraos

  15.   Daniela m

    Wannan abin da nake nema, ba lallai ba ne in yi yaƙi don wani wauta, kuyi tunanin Allah da yanzu

  16.   Daniela m

    Barka dai barkanmu da sake, abinda nakeso na fada shine ba lallai bane ayi fada domin abubuwan da basu da mahimmanci, kayi tunanin Allah, karka kula wadanda suke son gurbata ka kuma karanta wannan intanet ce, kowa ya bude ta kuna rubuta kalmomi marasa kyau akwai yara suna karanta wannan suna da ɗan girmamawa