El sauyin yanayi da kuma labarin ƙasa de Canada sun yi tasiri sosai idan ya zo ga al'ada da kuma al'adun Kanada.
Sauyin yanayi na ƙasa ya bambanta: mai sauyi a kudu kuma arctic a arewa. Kunnawa hunturutaguwar ruwa yanayin zafi sun faɗi ƙasa da daskarewa a kusan ƙasar duka. A lokacin bazara, lardunan kudu galibi suna fuskantar babban yanayin ɗumi da yanayin zafi wanda zai iya wuce digiri 30 a ma'aunin Celsius. Yammaci da kudu maso gabashin Kanada suna fuskantar babban ruwan sama, kodayake ciyawar ciyawa suna da ɗan bushe.
Sunan Kanada ya zama kasar sanyi. Daidai, lokacin sanyi na iya zama mai tsananin kazanta a yankuna daban-daban na kasar, tare da yiwuwar samun hadari mai karfi dusar ƙanƙara, guguwa mai kankara da yanayin zafi ƙasa da -50ºC a arewa. A cikin yankuna mafiya yawan jama'a, bazara suna da yanayi kuma wasu lokuta suna zafi idan sun isa saman 30ºC (gabaɗaya a Montreal).
A Vancouver, yanayin zafi ya kasance ya daidaita tsakanin 5 da 25ºC a cikin shekara. A gefe guda kuma, a wurare kamar Kelowna, yanayin zafi yakan kai 40ºC a lokacin rani, yayin da yanayin hunturu na iya taɓa -15ºC a wasu lokuta. A cikin yankin mafi yawan jama'a na ƙasar, yankin mai girma tabkuna, yanayin zafi yana tsakanin -35ºC da 35ºC.
A gefe guda, a Kanada akwai abubuwan da suka faru da yawa waɗanda suka danganci bala'in yanayi, wanda ya sami damar kafa ƙasa ta hanyar haɗin kai da girmama wasu. Misalai na wadannan masifu za mu iya ambaton guguwar kankara wacce a 1998 ta afka wa lardin Quebec, ambaliyar ruwa a Manitoba 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, da kuma guguwar dusar ƙanƙara a ciki Ontario a 1999.