Al'adun Olmec

Olmecas sune farkon wayewa da aka ɓullo da a México a cikin sau 'yan ƙasar. Su al'ada bunƙasa a jihohin Tabasco y Veracruz wajajen 1200 BC kuma ya kasance har zuwa 600 BC

Etymologically, kalmar "Olmec" na nufin "mazaunan yankin olmnan", Wato," mazaunan ƙasar roba. " Wannan kalmar an ƙirƙira shi don tsara jerin yawan jama'a wanda ya mamaye yankin da aka sani da yankin Olmec.

Wannan garin ya zaɓi gida yankuna masu fadama da kuma gandun daji na manyan kogunan da ke tsakanin Veracruz da Tabasco, waɗanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Mexico, inda suka kafa ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranenta, La Venta, a kewayen yankin Kogin Tonalá, garin da ke da darajarta a ƙarshen ƙarshen wannan al'ada.

Waɗannan yankuna a halin yanzu an tsara su azaman ƙasashe masu arziki tare da yalwar albarkatu na halitta kamar mai. A waɗancan lokuta (1200 - 600 BC) yankin ya kasance yana da tarin tundra mai yawan ciyayi wanda ya sanya ƙasa mai wadatar humus da kayan lambu, don haka suka yaɗu amfanin gona kowane iri, suna bayarwa abinci don babban adadin mutane.

La tattalin arziki na Olmecs ya dogara ne da kayan aikin gona, wanda suke kasuwanci da shi, tsakanin su da sauran pueblos Maƙwabta (musamman makiyaya ko al'ummomin da ke nesa kamar Central Mexico ko Guatemala).

Su ne tsofaffin masu sassaƙa a cikin Mesoamerica (Mexico). Ba wai kawai sun yi aiki ne da duwatsu masu aman wuta ba don abubuwan tarihinsu, amma har da duwatsu masu wuya, masu matattakala da masu ƙanƙanci.

Suna da wani addinin mushiriki mai da hankali kan bautar addininsa Jaguar, wannan ya bayyana a duk cikin gumakansa. Baya ga wannan, sun dauki allahn dabbobi da yawa kamar kifi ko toads, suna danganta masu mulkinsu da gumakan, wanda suka yi imanin cewa sun fito ne kuma sun gaji ikonsu.

Olmecs ana danganta wasu daga cikin dala na farko a Amurka, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su azaman cibiyoyin ibada ko taron siyasa na 'yan ƙasa.