Hadisai na Rasha: Baba Yaga

Ranar 22 ga watan Agusta ita ce Ranar Tatsuniya ta Duniya da kuma nuna al'adun da ke hada kan mutane kuma ya hada da barkwanci, karin magana, raye-raye, labarai, tatsuniyoyi, kiɗa ... Anan da can akwai tatsuniya, kuma game da Rasha ɗaya daga cikin haruffan mutanes mafi mashahuri shi ne na Baba Yaga.

A hakikanin gaskiya ta ketare iyakoki tun da yake na al'adun Slavic ne, amma har ma ya yi tsalle zuwa labaran da ba na Slavic ba, zuwa duniyar wasan kwaikwayo, mujallu na zamani da kuma cinema. A yau sai, in Absolut Viajes 'yar tatsuniyar Rasha ce daga hannun tsohon Baba Yaga.

Yaga berry

Kamar yadda muka fada a baya halayya ce daga almara ta Slavic kuma tsoho ne sosai. Labari ne game da allahntaka wanda ya bayyana a sifar a tsohuwa ko ioan uku mata suna daya suna. Galibi yana zaune ne a cikin bukka ko bukka wacce aka ce ana tallafawa akan kashin kaji.

Yana da zama shubuha. Kamar dai yadda akwai labarai a cikin su wanda ya bayyana kamar mai cin yara, akwai kuma wasu a cikin abin da yake a tsohuwa mai juna biyu hakan yana taimaka wa waɗanda suka ci karo da shi ko suka neme shi. Bugu da kari, shi dan adam ne mai hade da rayuwar daji da kuma duk Baya Yaga daya daga cikin adadi wanda ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba duk tatsuniyar Yammacin Turai.

Kasancewa halin da ke ƙetare iyakoki tsakanin duniyar Slavic, sunansa yana da bambance-bambancen karatu. Kalmar Baba yana nufin Tsohon Rashanci da ma'ana ungozoma, matsafa, boka. A yau, a cikin Rashanci na zamani, kalmar babushka, kaka, ta samu daga gareta, misali, ko goge babba, kuma. Wannan a ɗaya gefen, amma a ɗaya bangaren kuma akwai wasu ma'anoni masu ma'ana ko amfani da kalmar.

Don haka, ko ta yaya daga wannan shubuha ta kalmar baba labarai daban-daban game da halayen tatsuniya ke fitowa. Cewa kasancewa a lokaci guda tsohuwar mace ta mahaifiya da kasancewa mai ikon aikata mugunta.

Kuma me ake nufi yaya, kashi na biyu na sunan? Maganganun Etymologically yana da wahalar samu asali, amma a cikin yaruka da yawa na Slavic asalinsa kamar yayi kama da abubuwa kamar fushi, tsoro, firgici, fushi, rashin lafiya, ciwo...

Labaran Baba Yaga

Tare da wannan bayani game da suna da shubuha ta ɗabi'a, menene labarai game da Baba Yaga? Da kyau, akwai labarai da yawa game da wannan mashahurin mayya kuma muna samesu ko'ina. Ukraine, Rasha da Belarus akasari.

Yana da tsohuwa, tare da hular da aka yi da kashin kaji, tare da daya tsintsiya, koyaushe kusa turmi. Bukkar tasa ta kasusuwa ce kuma da ita yake tafiya ko'ina, yana iya juyawa da iska. Abin birgewa sosai saboda an kawata shi da kwanya kuma a ciki akwai kyandirori da yawa masu girma dabam, masu haske da marasa haske. A ciki, akwai kuma ruwan inabi da nama da bayin masu kallo wanda ke masa hidima.

Labarai da yawa suna bayyana ta a matsayin tsohuwar mace mai kaifin hakora da bushe, fata mai duhu. Galibi a cikin waɗancan labaran waɗanda suke cinye waɗanda aka cutar da su. Amma, a cikin sauran labaran, wadanda inda ta ke da kyau, kwatancin ya fi na tsohuwar mata.

Za ku karanta kowane irin labarai: cewa yana cin yara, yana cinye rayuka, yana ƙayyade ranar mutuwa na mutane, menene capricious, wanda ya nemi hadaya ta yara a musayar arziki, cewa gidansa shine gada tsakanin duniyar masu rai da lahira.

Don haka, gwargwadon labarin da kuka karanta, za ku ga ɗaya ko wata sigar ta Baba Yaga, har ma da wacce ba tsohuwa ba ce a ciki amma tsofaffin 'yan'uwa mata uku. Akwai shahararrun labarai guda biyuNa san sauran.

A wannan ma'anar, 'yan uwan ​​mata uku, labarin ne Lady Tsar, wanda Alexander Afanasyev ya tattara a cikin karni na XNUMX. Mai gabatarwa shine Ivan, kyakkyawan ɗan ɗan kasuwa, wanda ya haɗu da Baba Yagas ukun.

Da farko ya shiga gidan da 'yar uwa ta farko, suna magana kuma ya aike shi ya yi magana da wata' yar uwar tasa, a cikin gidan da yake daidai da na farko. Ya sake maimaita maganar da ta gabata, ya amsa tambayoyi iri daya, amma ba ya aike shi ya ga ‘yar’uwa ta uku da ta ƙarshe ba saboda ya gaya masa cewa idan ya yi fushi da shi, zai ci shi.

Amma ya gargade ka, idan ba ka yi rashin sa'ar ganinta ba, ka kiyaye, ka dauki kahonninta ka nemi izinin busawa. Da kyau, daga ƙarshe yayi wannan gamuwa kuma idan ya busa ƙahonin tsuntsaye da yawa sun bayyana kuma ɗayansu ya cece shi ta hanyar ɗauke shi.

Sauran sanannen labari shine na Vasilisa Mai Kyau. Wannan yarinyar tana zaune tare da muguwar uwarta da 'yan'uwanta mata biyu (Cinderella, wataƙila?). Gaskiyar ita ce, suna so su kashe ta kuma su shirya hakan. Suna gwadawa sau da yawa kuma daga ƙarshe suna aike ta kai tsaye zuwa bukkar Baba Yaga saboda sun san zata cinye ta.

Amma hakan ba ta faruwa ba, ta ɗauke ta a matsayin mai kula da gida tana sanya ta yin abubuwa masu wahala, amma yarinyar tana yin komai da kyau sannan kuma ta bar ta ta koma gida. Ya dawo da fitilar tsohuwa, fitilun sihiri, wanda ke haskakawa kuma ya shagaltar da mugayen iyalinta, ya ƙona ta da rai. Kuma wallahi dangi mara kyau kuma barka da duniya mai farin ciki saboda a ƙarshe kyakkyawan Vasilisa ya auri tsar.

Wadannan asusun guda biyu sune misalai na shubuha game da al'adun gargajiya na Baba Yaga: tana da kyau kuma tana da mugunta, tana da zalunci kuma tana da hankali ko adalci. Wannan shubuha, ga kwararrun masanan gargajiya, suna da alaƙa da yanayi da mace kuma abin da ya sa wannan adadi ya bambanta a cikin almara.

Me ya sa? Da kyau, saboda a yawancin tatsuniyoyin mutanen Turai haruffa suna da karko sosai kuma kun san abin da zaku tsammace daga gare su, ko sauƙaƙewa ko hanawa, koyaushe matsayin na mugunta ne ko na mai bayarwa. Kuma Baba Yaga wani abu ne amma tabbas.

Baba Yaga cikin shahararrun al'adu

Duk da yake ya kasance koyaushe halin duniya slavicDon ɗan lokaci yanzu, ya ƙetare iyakoki. Kamar yadda muka ce, ya bayyana a duniyar ban dariya, talabijin da fina-finai. A game da jerin talabijin, idan kun gani OA, daga NetflixZa ku sani cewa Baba Yaga koyaushe yana fitowa a cikin wahayi.

Har ila yau ya bayyana a Dragon Ball, Akanta na Babbar Baba Yaga, halayyar maimaituwa ce a cikin Hellboy, a cikin littafin da Orson Scott Card (marubucin Ender's Game), Sihiri, a cikin jerin Scooby-Doo!, a cikin wasan bidiyo Tashin Kabari Rairder y en el Castlevania: Ubangijin Inuwa kuma a cikin jerin John lagwani, dan kawai ambaton kadan daga cikin bayyanarsa.

Kuma idan duk waɗannan bayyanuwar basu isa ba, ya ma bayyana a cikin shafin yanar gizo na mata, Gashi, don daga baya tsalle zuwa a littafi a kan shawara daga ra'ayin Baba, "Tambayi Baba Yaga."