Garuruwan Rasha: Orel

Orel Yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin biranen Rasha waɗanda ke kan Kogin Oka, tare da dogon tarihi mai ban mamaki. An kafa shi a cikin 1564 ta Ivan IV a matsayin gidan kariya daga mamayar Mongol. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ya lalace sosai.

Orel yanzu ita ce cibiyar babban birnin lardin Orel. An san shi da zama gidan shahararren marubucin Rasha Ivan Turgenev, wanda ya yi yarintarsa ​​a can. Gidan da ya zauna yanzu ya zama gidan kayan gargajiya. Hakanan Orel cibiyar kasuwanci ce ta noma. Masana'antu sun haɗa da injuna, tufafi, gari, da giya.

Orel an kafa shi ne a 1564 ta Ivan IV a matsayin matsayin kariya daga mamayar Mongol. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ya lalace sosai. Duk da yake babu wasu bayanan tarihi, shaidun archaeological sun nuna cewa akwai yarjejeniya tsakanin kagara da Kogin Oka Orlik tun farkon ƙarni na 12, lokacin da ƙasar ta kasance wani ɓangare na Babban Sarautar Chernigov. Sunan sansanin soja ba a san shi ba, ba za a iya kiran shi Oriol a wancan lokacin ba.

A cikin karni na 13 sansanin soja ya zama wani ɓangare na gundumar Zvenigorod na Masarautar Karachev. A farkon karni na 15, Grand Duchy na Lithuania ya ci yankin. Ba da daɗewa ba yawanta ya watsar da garin, bayan da Lithuanians ko Golden Horde suka kore shi. Yankin ya zama wani ɓangare na Barbary a cikin ƙarni na 16.

Ivan Mai Girma Ya yanke hukunci cewa an gina sabon sansanin soja a ƙasa a cikin 1566, don kare iyakokin kudancin Muscovy. An gina sansanin soja da sauri, fara aiki a lokacin rani na 1566 kuma ya ƙare a cikin bazara na 1567.

Wurin da aka zaba bai kai yadda ya kamata ba, saboda matsugunin yana a cikin wani yanki mai karancin ruwan sama mai sauƙin takamaiman matakan makwabta. Dukkanin saurin da wurin, ba shakka, saboda sabon sansanin soja da aka gina akan kango.

Oryol an sake gina shi a 1636 har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 18 Orel ya zama ɗayan manyan cibiyoyin samar da hatsi, tare da Kogin Oka kasancewa muhimmiyar hanyar kasuwanci har zuwa 1860, lokacin da aka maye gurbinsa da hanyar jirgin ƙasa.