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Idan muka tambayi kanmu menene mafi kyaun abin tunawa wanda zamu iya komawa gida bayan tafiya zuwa Rasha, tabbas yawancinmu zamu amsa ba tare da jinkirin hakan ba mafi kyawun ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya shine matrioshka.
Yana daya daga cikin shahararrun kayan wasan yara a duniya, wanda zaka iya gane shi a sauƙaƙe koda kuwa baka taɓa ziyartar Rasha ba a da. A zahiri, sanannen sanannen su shine matrioshkas har ma sun zama kayan ado da alama ta zamani. Menene ƙari, ƙila ma kuna da matrioshka a gida kuma ba ku tuna inda kuka samo ta ba.
Matrioshkas suna da asali na ban sha'awa kuma suna da mahimman ma'ana ga Russia idan suka karbe su kyauta. Idan a koyaushe kuna mamakin menene tarihin wannan abun wasan, daga ina sunanta ya zo da kuma abin da yake wakilta, ba za ku iya rasa wannan labarin ba inda zan magance duk waɗannan tambayoyin.
Menene matrioshkas?
Waɗannan ƙananan tsana ne na katako waɗanda ke adana abubuwa da yawa na kansu a cikin girma dabam.. Dogaro da girman uwar matrioshka, a ciki zamu iya samun tsakanin mafi ƙarancin biyar da matsakaicin matrioshkas ashirin, kowane ɗayan ya fi na baya. Abin mamaki!
Menene matsayin manyan abubuwa suke wakilta?
Matrioshkas suna wakiltar mata manoma mata na Rasha kuma suna da alamun al'adu na ƙasar.
Yaya ake yin matrioshkas?
Don yin matrioshkas, dazuzzuka da aka fi amfani da su sune waɗanda suka fito daga alder, balsa ko birch, kodayake tabbas itacen da aka fi amfani da shi shine linden.
Ana sare bishiyoyin a cikin watan Afrilu, wanda shine lokacin da suka fi cika da ruwan itace, kuma ana tafiyar da katakon aƙalla shekaru biyu, ana shafa ƙarshen wannan da ruwan domin hana katako fasawa.
Lokacin da suka shirya, masassaƙan sun yanke tsayin da ya dace sannan suka aika su zuwa wurin bitar don yin katako a matakai 15. Matrioshka na farko da aka yi shine mafi ƙanƙanta.
Hoto | Pixabay
Daga ina sunan matrioshka ya fito?
Sunan wannan abin wasan ya fito ne daga «Matriona», ɗayan shahararru a zamanin d Rasha, wanda kuma ya fito ne daga Latin «mater» wanda ke nufin uwa. Daga baya kalmar "Matriona" ta dace da matrioshka don tsara wannan 'yar tsana. Sauran sharuɗɗan waɗanda suma ana amfani dasu don koma zuwa matrioshkas sunaye ne kamar mamushka da babushka.
Menene alamar matrioshkas?
Matrioshkas na Rasha suna nuna alamar haihuwa, mahaifiya da rai madawwami. Wato, dangi mai girma kuma mai hadewa inda uwa take haihuwar diya mace, wannan ga jikarta, ita ga jikarta da sauransu har zuwa wakiltar duniya mara iyaka.
Da farko dai, an sassaka dolo mata ne kawai, amma daga baya an sake kirkirar wasu siffofin maza domin su kammala iyali sannan kuma su wakilci wasu dabi'u kamar 'yan uwantaka tsakanin' yan'uwa. Tare da shudewar lokaci, sun kuma fara yin manyan batutuwan Rasha waɗanda ke wakiltar masu tarihi ko adabi.
Hoto | Pixabay
Menene tarihin kayan masarufi?
An ce a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX dillalin Rasha kuma majiɓinci Savva Mamontov ya yi balaguro zuwa Japan inda ya ziyarci baje kolin fasaha inda ya koya game da tsohuwar matrioshkas. Ya kasance wakilcin allahntaka bakwai waɗanda suke ɗayan ɗayan suna Fukurokuju (allahn farin ciki da hikima) babba kuma wanda ya ƙunshi sauran alloli.
Mamontov ya ci gaba da ra'ayin kuma lokacin da ya koma Rasha ya gabatar da shi ga mai zane da mai juyawa Sergei Maliutin don yin nasa samfurin na Jafananci. Ta wannan hanyar, an ƙirƙiri wata 'yar tsana da ke wakiltar wani baƙauye ɗan ƙasar Rasha wanda ke maraba da duk zuriyarsa.
Abun wasan ya haifar da jin dadi a bikin baje koli na Duniya a Paris a 1900, inda ya ci gaba da lashe lambar tagulla, kuma ba da daɗewa ba masana'antu suka fara ɓullowa a cikin Rasha suna samar da matryoshka don sayarwa a duk faɗin ƙasar da Yammacin duniya. Ta wannan hanyar, ya zama alama ta al'adun Rasha da mafi kyawun abin tunawa na ƙasar. Kowane mai sana'a yana sassaka dolls nasa kuma sun zama kayan wasan yara masu ƙima saboda wasu lokuta abubuwa ne na masu tarawa.
Hoto | Pixabay
Gidan Tarihi na Matryoshka na Moscow
A zahiri, suna da mahimmanci cewa a cikin 2001 an buɗe shi a Moscow, gidan kayan gargajiya na Matryoshka don tallata tarihin waɗannan kayan wasan yara da sauyinsu akan lokaci.
Wannan gidan kayan gargajiya yana nuna wasu kayan asalin Rasha na farko wadanda aka kirkira a farkon karni na XNUMX da kuma yadda tsarinsu ya canza tsawon shekaru.
Misali, a cikin 1920s Bolshevik matrioshkas sun wakilci ajin masu aiki har ma da adadi na "kulak" (kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita cikin farin ciki don komawa ga manoma masu arziki) an kuma sake buga ta sanye da hular kwano kuma tare da ɗaga hannuwansu a kan babbar ciki.
A lokacin USSR, gwamnati ta so nuna ɗaukacin ƙasashen Soviet a cikin matrioshkas da wakilcin ƙasashe daban-daban kamar Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian, da sauransu. Ko da tare da tseren sararin samaniya, an samar da ɗimbin tarin tsana astan saman jannati tare da kayan su na ruwa da roket na sararin samaniya.
Bayan ƙarshen USSR, taken jigon matrioshkas ya bambanta kuma sanannun politiciansan siyasa da mashahuran ƙasashe daban-daban sun fara wakilta.
Yin yawon shakatawa na tarin, yana da ban sha'awa don kwatanta matrioshkas na gargajiya da na zamani. haka kuma tare da adadi na Jafananci na dio Fukuruma wanda ya basu kwarin gwiwa. Gidan kayan tarihin ya kuma nuna bambance-bambance tsakanin matryoshka daga yankuna daban-daban na Rasha kuma ya ba da bayanai game da rayuwa da ayyukan manyan masanan matryoshka na Rasha da masu zane.
Hoto | Pixabay
Bada matrioshka
Ga mutanen Rasha yana da babbar ma'ana don ba da matryoshka a matsayin kyauta. Lokacin da wani ya karɓi ɗayan waɗannan tsana a matsayin kyauta, dole ne su buɗe matrioshka ta farko su yi fata.. Da zarar an cika shi, to, za ku iya buɗe 'yar tsana ta biyu kuma ku sake yin sabon fata. Don haka har zuwa ƙarshe da ƙarami matryoshka ya isa.
Da zarar an buɗe dukkan abubuwan matrioshkas, duk wanda ya sami wannan kyautar dole ne ya gabatar da shi ga zuriya a matsayin alama cewa suna tashi daga gida. Da farko wannan mata ne suka yi hakan. Su kaɗai ke kula da gidajen kuma suna iya yin fatan ƙarshe su isar da kayan kwalliyar ga yaransu.
Wannan shine dalilin da yasa idan wani ya baka matrioshka, An ce a cikin al'adun Rasha cewa yana ba ku ƙaunarsa da ƙaunarku a cikin abin wasa.
Idan, a gefe guda, kai ne wanda zai ba da matrioshka, ban da bayar da wannan dalla-dalla, mafi kyawun abin da za ka iya yi shi ne gaya wa mai karɓar ma’anar da tarihin kyautar a yanzu da ka san ta. Ta wannan hanyar, zai darajanta kyautar sosai kuma zai san abin da za ayi da sabuwar ƙaramar matryoshka.