Sahara

Yankin Sahara babban fili ne wanda ya fadada daga Jar Teku har sai Tekun Atlantika, mamaye kusan kilomita miliyan tara da rabi. Ya rufe duka kasashe goma cikin wadanda suke Misira, Libya, Chadi, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia da Mauritania.

Tare da wannan fadada, ya zama ba abin mamaki bane cewa hakan ne hamada mafi girma a duniya kuma yana tattare da nau'ikan juzu'i, kowane daya daga cikinsu yana da abubuwan da yake da shi. Don haka, babu ruwansu da su steppe da daushen daji na kudancin Sahara tare da xerophilous dutsen Tibesti massif. Haka kuma babu ɗayan biyun da suka gabata tare da Tanezrouft, ɗayan wurare mafiya tsaka-tsakin duniya. Saboda haka, idan kuna son ƙarin bayani game da babbar hamadar Sahara, muna gayyatarku ku kasance tare da mu a tafiyarmu.

Abin da za a gani kuma a yi a cikin hamadar Sahara

Akwai yankuna da yawa na hamadar Sahara wadanda ba ma zamu yi magana da su ba. Dalilin yana da sauki sosai: su wurare ne don haka mara kyau cewa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masanan da suka san sirrin waɗannan ƙasashe ne kawai ke tafiya zuwa gare su. Koyaya, akwai wasu rukunin yanar gizon da zamu iya ziyarta shirya balaguro da kuma cewa zasu birge mu da kyawun su. Za mu san wasu daga cikinsu.

Yankin Ennedi

Wannan wuri mai ban mamaki yana cikin arewa maso gabas na Chadi kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi nisa a duniyarmu. Kewaye da yashi a kowane bangare, ya yi fice don kyawawan kwazazzabai da filayen sa.

Kayan Duniya, yanayi ya samo asali a cikin Ennedi manyan baka da ginshiƙai. Daga cikin na farko tsaye a waje na na Alaba, wanda ya kai mita 120 a tsayi kuma 77 a fadi. Kuma daidai son sani sune Baki biyar, wanda, kamar yadda sunan sa ya nuna, ya samar da wani irin nasara mai nasara tare da budewa biyar, da Giwar Giwa, wanda yayi kama da akwati na pachyderm har ma da ido a cikin sashinsa na sama.

Kamar dai duk wannan bai isa ba, a cikin wannan wuri mara kyau an same su zane-zane wannan ya nuna cewa an zauna a lokacin Holocene (Millennium na huɗu BC). Musamman shahararrun su ne waɗanda ke yankin Niola doa, wakiltar mata har tsawon mita biyu.

Ahaggar mai yawa

Yanzu mun koma kudu na Algeria don ziyartar wani wuri mafi ban sha'awa a cikin Sahara. Shine tsaunin taro na Ahaggar ko gida. Duk da tsayin daka, yanayin yanayi a wannan yanki ba shi da kazanta fiye da sauran wurare a cikin hamada, shi ya sa yawancin masu yawon bude ido ke ziyartarsa.

Yawancin lokaci, zaizayar ƙasa ta ba wa waɗannan duwatsu siffofi masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke ba da shimfidar wuri a bayyanar ban mamaki. Idan har duk wannan mun ƙara cewa ƙasar ta imuhagh, daya daga cikin garuruwan tuya wanda ke zaune a cikin Sahara, zamu gama narkar da wannan wuri a cikin sihiri.

Birni mafi mahimmanci a cikin wannan yanki, daga inda yawon shakatawa yawon shakatawa yake tamanrasset. Idan kanaso ka san garin da aka gina a kusa da wani yanki, to nan ne makomarka. Bugu da kari, yana da karamin gidan kayan gargajiya na prehistory da kuma wani ilimin geology. Amma ya fi shahara saboda an kafa Faransanci a ciki Charles de Foucauld asalin, mai bincike da kuma sufan kira "Ruhaniya na hamada".

Kwarin Mzab

Ba mu bar Aljeriya don saduwa da wani abin mamakin Sahara ba: kwarin Mzab, da aka ayyana Kayan Duniya. Yankin dutse ne mai tsallakawa kusa da kwarin da ke dauke da kogin suna da sunan.

Yana zaune a ciki 'yan mata, wani ƙabilar Berber da aka rarraba a tsakanin ƙananan garuruwan garu, kowane ɗayansu an gina shi a ɗaya daga cikin tsaunukan yankin. Daga cikin wadannan wurare akwai Beni Isguen, wanda masallacin sa ya kasance daga karni na sha biyu; melika, Bounoura o Ateuf. Amma mafi mahimmanci shine Garin, sunan da ake kuma bayarwa ga dukkanin hadadden, tare da kunkuntar titunan sa da kananan gidajen Adobe.

Nouadhibou, makabartar jirgin ruwa a cikin saharar Sahara

Kodayake ba shi da kyau musamman, mun kawo garin Nouadhibou zuwa waɗannan layukan saboda gida ne na makabartar jirgi gaba ɗaya, wani abin mamaki a cikin hamada. Koyaya, yana kan iyakar Tekun Atlantika na Mauritania, inda Sahara take haduwa da teku.

Shiga cikin babbar matsalar tattalin arziki, Gwamnatin kasar ta ba da izinin barin jiragen ruwa daga ko'ina cikin duniya a yi watsi da su a gabar tekun ta. Sakamakon haka shine a can zaku iya ganin kusan ɗari uku waɗanda suka kasance suna ƙasƙantar da kan lokaci kuma suna ƙirƙirar gaske ghostly shimfidar wuri.

Ait ben haddou

Este xar o birni mai garu Moroccan ta shahara a duniya saboda launuka iri-iri waɗanda rana ke nunawa daga gidajen adobe. Za ku same shi 'yan awanni kaɗan daga Marrakech a kan tsohuwar hanyar da ayarin raƙuman ke amfani da ita.

Wannan shine kyawun Ait Ben Haddou wanda aka ayyana shi Kayan Duniya kuma ya kasance matsayin wuri don mutane da yawa fina-finai kamar 'Lawrence na Arabiya', 'Jauhari na Kogin Nilu' ko 'Alexander the Great' kuma daga jerin talabijin kamar 'Game na kursiyai'.

Erg Chebbi, teku ta dunes

Shima yana cikin Morocco, wannan tekun dunes yana da kusan kilomita murabba'i dari da goma kuma yana da ban sha'awa sosai. Ofaya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan jan hankali a yankin shine hawa raƙumi da barci a cikin ingantattun jaimas.

Wadannan hanyoyi sun tashi daga garin Merzouga, wanda saboda haka ya dace da yawon shakatawa tare da otal-otal da yawa. A ciki zaka iya ganin Taron Merzouga, wanda wani bangare ne na kewayen Dakar. Kuma har ma yana da mufuradi almara game da dunes. Ya ce an haife su ne daga fushin Allah lokacin da mazaunan Merzouga suka ƙi taimakon uwa da 'ya'yanta. Allahntakar sai ta farka mummunan hadari wanda ya haifar da su. Har yanzu mazaunan yankin sun yi imanin cewa suna jin ihu daga waɗannan dunes.

Ouarzazate

Ba tare da ya tafi ba Morocco, wani ziyarar zuwa ainihin mashigar Sahara shine Ouarzazate ko Uarzazat, kamar yadda aka sani da «Ofofar Hamada. Tana can kasan kafar tsaunukan atlas kuma kusa da abin da ake kira Kudu Oasis.

Daidai ake kiran Atlas da karatun fim Menene a cikin birni. Idan a baya mun yi magana da ku game da Ait Ben Haddou a matsayin saitin fina-finai daban-daban, wannan ya samo asali ne saboda samuwar wadannan rukunin, wadanda suka mamaye kusan kadada ashirin kuma suka sanya Urzazat ya zama babban birnin fim na Maroko.

Amma birni yana da abubuwa da yawa da zasu ba ku. Don masu farawa, abin birgewa kuma an adana ta da kyau kagarar Taourit. Yana da kasha ko sansanin soja na asalin Berber wanda yake a tsakiyar garin kuma cewa, a lokacinsa, mazaunin Pasha na Marrakech ne. Sau da yawa ana kwatanta shi da babban katangar yashi a rairayin bakin teku. Kuma hoto ne madaidaici saboda katangar ado da manyan hasumiyai a tsakiyar yalwar hamada suna ba shi wannan yanayin.

Fezzan, yankin Libiya na hamadar Sahara

Yankin Fezzan shine mafi kyawun ɓangaren Sahara ta Libya. Yana da fadi sararin samaniya inda hamada take hade da tsaunuka da busassun kwari, amma, sama da komai, inda duk wani yanayi mai nisa ya bayyana wanda yake ba da rai ga mutanen da aka halitta a kewayensa.

Wannan yanki na Sahara yana ba ku shimfidar wurare masu ban sha'awa kamar ramin dutsen mai fitad da wuta Wa-an-Namus, na wanda girmansa gaskiyar cewa yana da maɓuɓɓuga da tafkuna na wucin gadi guda uku zasu ba ku ra'ayi. Har ila yau teku na yashi na Murzuq, tare da sanya masa dunes; abubuwan musamman Duwatsun Akakus, tare da siffofinsu na kwalliya, ko itacen dabino da reeds waɗanda ke gefen gefen lagoon mai gishiri na Ummu al-Ma, kayan zamanin da tafkin megafezzan wanda ya kai girman Ingila.

A gefe guda, gari mafi mahimmanci a wannan yanki shine Sabha, birni mai da ke da mazauna dubu ɗari inda Muhamad el Gaddafi, tsohon shugaban Libya, ya girma. Amma akwai wasu karami kamar Ghat, Murzuq o gadami.

Mount Uweinat, haruffan ban mamaki

An rarraba Uweinat massif tsakanin Misira, Libya kanta da Sudan. An kewaye shi da hamadar Sahara, amma kuma tana da oases mai dausayi irin na bahariyya o Farafara. Yankin yana da ƙarfin maganadisu don masu yawon shakatawa waɗanda ke son kasada.

Amma, a sama da duka, ya tsaya waje saboda a cikin filin Gilf kebir an samu sassaka akan duwatsu kuma hieroglyphics tsoho sosai wanda yake wakiltar kowane irin nau'in dabbobi. Mai binciken Masar ne ya gano su Ahmed Hassanin Pasha a cikin 1923. Wannan ya yi tafiyar kilomita arba'in na wannan yankin, amma ba zai iya zuwa ba har zuwa ƙarshe don haka yana yiwuwa akwai sauran.

A ƙarshe, a cikin wannan yanki yana da ban sha'awa Kebira bakin dutse, wanda ya kasance sakamakon tasirin meteorite wanda ya faru kimanin shekaru miliyan hamsin da suka gabata kuma ya rufe babban yanki na kilomita murabba'i dubu huɗu da ɗari biyar.

Yaushe ya fi kyau zuwa jejin Sahara

Kamar yadda zaku iya tsammani, Sahara tana da daya daga cikin mawuyacin yanayi a duniya. Gaskiya ne cewa irin wannan babban filin yana da, da ƙarfi, don gabatar da yanayi daban-daban. Koyaya, kusan duk rashin ruwan sama da matsanancin zafi ya zama ruwan dare ga dukkanta, wanda ke iya isa cikin digiri Celsius hamsin da biyar a sauƙaƙe.

A zahiri, a cikin bazara da lokacin bazara, balaguro zuwa cikin hamada yana faruwa ne kawai bayan faɗuwar rana. Saboda haka, mafi kyawun lokutan tafiya zuwa Sahara sune kaka da damuna, ƙari musamman watanni da ke zuwa daga Nuwamba zuwa Fabrairu.

Kuma, don balaguro, koyaushe yakamata ku zaɓi shirya. Ba za ku iya shiga wannan babban yashi ba tare da a jagorar cancanta saboda rayuwarka za ta kasance cikin hadari mai tsanani.

Yadda ake zuwa Sahara

Ba za mu iya ba da shawarar hanya guda don zuwa wannan babban hamada ba. Dalili kuwa shine zaka iya tunkarar sa daga kasashe daban-daban. Koyaya, abu na al'ada shine kun tashi zuwa gari kusa sannan a yi hayar, kamar yadda muka ce, wasu shirya ziyarar.

Misali, idan kuna son ziyartar Sahara na Maroko, kuna iya tashi zuwa birane kamar su Marrakech kuma, sau ɗaya can, nemi yawon shakatawa. Koyaya, akwai hukumomi na musamman waɗanda tuni sun ba ku duk kunshin tafiyar kafin ka tafi.

A ƙarshe, Hamada Sahara ita ce mafi girma a duniya tsakanin masu dumi. Ya rufe ƙasashe da yawa kuma yana ba ku abubuwan al'ajabi na halitta, biranen mafarki a ƙasan oases da zane-zane masu ban al'ajabi a cikin duwatsu waɗanda suka samo asali daga hazo na lokaci. Shin ba zaku iya sanin wannan babban duniyan ba?