Colombia, nyika ine tsika dzakasiyana

Kufanana nedzimwe nyika zhinji dzeAmerica, Colombia inyika ine tsika dzakasiyana, hari yekunyungudika yemarudzi ese emarudzi uye mabudiriro. Chaizvoizvo izvi upfumi nekusiyana Icho chimwe chekuzvikudza kukuru kwevanhu veColombia uye mairi munogara chikamu chakanaka cheicho chinhu.

Tsika nemagariro eiyi nyika yeSouth America ndiwo mhedzisiro ye musanganiswa wemarudzi matatu makuru emarudzi anobva kumakondinendi matatu akasiyana: America, Europe ne Africa. Maitiro aya akatanga nekusvika kwevaSpanish mazana mashanu emakore apfuura uye akaenderera mberi achikura nanhasi nekuuya kwevatorwa kubva munyika zhinji dzeEurope, Middle East uye, kusvika padiki padiki, nyika dzeAsia.

Mune yekupedzisira kuverenga kwakaitwa muColombia, ruzhinji rwevanhu (vangangoita 87%, ndiko kuti, vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni makumi matatu nemasere) vakaverengerwa "vasina dzinza." Izvi zvinoratidzwa mune iyo data yeiyo National Administrative department reStatistics (DANE). Nekudaro, chokwadi ndechekuti chikamu chakakura chevagari, kune chikuru kana chidiki, mhedzisiro yekusanzwisisika.

Muchokwadi, ichi chikamu che «chisina dzinza» chinoshanda kunosanganisira vazhinji vevaColombia vasingakwanise kunyoreswa mumatanho akasarudzika senge e Afro-Colombian (vangangoita mamirioni matatu vanhu) kana zvemuno (1,9 mamirioni).

Mapoka makuru emadzinza eColombia

Colombia ndiyo imwe yenyika dzine dzinza rakakura kwazvo uye mitauro pasi rose. Aya ndiwo akakosha mapoka:

Mujaho wakasanganiswa

Ivo ndivo vazhinji boka. Iyo mestizaje pakati peEuropean nemaNative America yakatanga kubva kumakore ekutanga ekukunda kweSpanish. Iyo mestizo boka Ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda muColombia uye inowanikwa zvakanyanya munharaunda yese. Inofungidzirwa kuti kwakatenderedza 80% yeColombians vane maEuropean uye emarudzi emadzinza.

Caucasians

Iri iboka diki mune iro mavambo eEuropean anotungamira. Iyo vanhu vachena inomiririra chinopfuura kana zvishoma chetatu chehuwandu hwevanhu veColombia. Madzitateguru ake anonyanya kuve Spanish uye, kusvika padiki padiki, zvakare Itari, ChiGerman, ChiFrench uye kubva kunyika dzeSlavic. Bogota naMedellin Aya ndiwo maguta maviri ane huwandu hwakanyanya hwevachena munyika.

Afro-Colombians

Huwandu hwese hwevaColombia vakasanganisirwa muboka iri hunosiyana zvichienderana nezvidzidzo zvakasiyana, kunyangwe iri pakati pe7% kusvika 25%, zvichienderana nekuti mamwe mapoka akadai seayo midzi kana the palenqueros. Iko kunoratidzika kuve kune chibvumirano chakawanda pamusoro pekuparadzirwa kwevanhu kwe Afro-Colombians, zvakajeka yakanangidzirwa pagungwa rePacific. Mu Chocó dhipatimendi semuenzaniso, iri boka rakakura kwazvo muuzhinji.

Ichi chikamu chevagari veColombia chine mavambo acho muvaranda vatema vakatorwa nechisimba kubva kunyika dzeAfrica kuenda kuAmerica. Nhasi Bumbiro reColombia rinobvuma zvizere kodzero, tsika, tsika uye tsika dzeAfro-Colombians.

Vanhu vomunyika

Iyo muzana yevagari vemo vemuColombia yakadzikiswa zvakanyanya muzana rapfuura uye nhasi yakamira panenge 4-5%. Zvinoenderana neCensus ya2005, inenge hafu ye zvizvarwa yenyika inoiswa mukati madhipatimendi eLa Guajira, Cauca neNariño. Bumbiro ra1991 rakavimbisa kuzivikanwa kwekodzero dzevanhu ava. Iyo tsika nemutauro kupfuma yevanhu ava (mitauro makumi matanhatu nematanhatu yechiAmerindi inotaurwa muColombia)

Arabhu

Kuuya kubva kuMiddle East nyika dzakaita seSyria kana Lebanon dzakatanga kusvika munyika kupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Zvinoverengerwa izvo kune vangangosvika mamirioni maviri nezana nemazana maviri ekuColombia vanobva kuArab, kunyange hazvo chikamu chidiki chavo vachizviti maMuslim

Tsika kutaura kweColombia

Iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yemusanganiswa weEuropean, zvizvarwa zvemo uye maAfrica zvinopa kuwanda kune kwakasiyana uye kwakasiyana kwetsika tsika kutaura Colombia nyika ine tsika dzakasiyana sevashoma munyika.

Kune iyo substrate yetsika yemagariro emunyika, veSpanish vakawedzera, pakati pevamwe, chiKatorike kana hunyengeri hweiyo encomienda, kuwedzera kune zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi zvenguva iyoyo. VaAfrica, vakatorwa sevaranda venyika nyowani, vakauya nemitauro mitsva netsika, kunyanya mukati memunda wemimhanzi nekutamba. Shure kweiyo Kuzvimiririra kweColombia, vaCreoles vakaedza kutanga maitiro ezvematongerwo enyika. Kune rimwe divi, musanganiswa wemapoka akasiyana erudzi wakapa kuumbwa kwemapoka matsva emadzinza.

Architecture, visual arts, mabhuku, mumhanzi, gastronomy… Mune yega yega yega yega yeaya matunhu etsika dzeColombia, kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana kuripo sechinhu chinopfumisa.

Kunyanya mu ndima yemitauro Colombia inomira nekusiyana kwayo. Iyo español, mutauro unonyanya kutaurwa, une mhando dzakasiyana dzemitauro. Pane rimwe divi, mitauro yemuno Iwo ipfuma yakakosha yetsika inoumbwa nemitauro inodarika makumi matanhatu, yakabva kuAmazonia kumaodzanyemba kwenyika uye kwemhuri yevaArawak kuchamhembe.

Zvakare iyo chitendero sekutaura kwetsika inobata iyi multulturalism. Kunyangwe ruzhinji rwevaColombian vari maKaturike, senyika yekunyika, Colombia inovimbisa rusununguko rwekunamata uye kodzero dzedzimwe nzvimbo dzezvitendero dzakadai seEvangelicals, Zvapupu zvaJehovha, maBuddha, maMuslim kana maJuda.