Icho chimwe chezva zvigadzirwa zvakajairika zveGreek uye inouya kubva kune yakanaka Chios chitsuwa: la mastic nebwe, inozivikanwa zvakare muchiSpanish se mastic kana mastic.
Iyi inonhuwirira kwazvo yakasikwa resini inouya kubva kune imwe mhando yemastic (pistacia lentiscus) iyo inongokura chete kumaodzanyemba kwechitsuwa ichi. Nzvimbo dzayo dzakasarudzika uye hwema hwayo hwehumwe mhedzisiro yehunhu hwemamiriro ekunze echikamu chino cheAegean uye nekuumbwa kwenyika iri muchikamu cheChios. Hunhu hwayo hwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura hwedzimwe resini dzakadai sepine kana maarumondi.
Chigadzirwa chine mashandisiro mazhinji
Iko kushandiswa kweiyi resin kwakadzokera kumashure kunguva dzekare. Izvo zvakanyorwa kuti mu Yakajeka Greece yakashandiswa kuomesa vakafa, apo mu Nguva yevaRoma Chakanga chiri chigadzirwa chakakosheswa zvikuru nemadzimai emhuri dzinokudzwa, avo vaichitsenga kuti vabvise mweya wakaipa uye vaichiitawo kuti chishande sechinhu chinochenesa meno. Chaizvoizvo izwi reSpanish "chew" rinobva pane iri rekare kushandiswa kwemastic resin.
Munguva dzehumambo hweOttoman, mastic yaionekwa sechigadzirwa chepamusoro. Kuba kwake kwaitongerwa rufu. Zita reTurkey rechitsuwa iri chitsuwazvinorevei "Rubber chitsuwa".
Mastic nebwe
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvingangoita kushandiswa kweshini inoyevedza yakawedzera, ikave inozivikanwa pasi rese. Nhasi semuenzaniso, inoshandiswa mu kugadzirwa kwezvimwe zviridzwa uye aripo mu kuumbwa kwemavara nemapendi. Iyo inoshandiswawo sekugaya uye mukugadzira zvigadzirwa. Pakazara, anodarika makumi matanhatu mashandisirwo akasiyana echigadzirwa ichi akaiswa mukati.
Zvakare muchikamu chegastronomic, mastic resin ine zvakawanda zvekutaura, iine chinzvimbo chakakosha muchiGreek, Cypriot, Syria neLebanese chikafu. Pasina kuenda kumberi, iro rakakurumbira chiGreek doro mastica ine diki asi yakakosha huwandu hwayo. Asi zvakare, itsika muChios uye mune mamwe matunhu eGirisi kuwedzera madonhwe mashoma e resin kune chingwa, makeke, ice cream, makeke uye makuki.
Chios mastic chinhu chakakosha cheiyo chrism, mafuta matsvene anoshandiswa pakuzodza mumachechi eOrthodox.
Mastic resin inorimwa sei?
Mazana emakore apfuura, asi iyo mastic resin yekuunganidza haina kuchinja kubva ipapo kusvika nhasi. Mumwedzi waNyamavhuvhu naSeptember, varimi vanoita akateedzana akachekwa mumuti wemuti. Iyo gelatinous sap inobva yatanga kuyerera ichienda kunze, ichidonha muchimiro chehombe, inopenya misodzi.
Mushure memazuva anenge gumi nemashanu kana makumi maviri resin inowira pasi petsoka yemuti, inooma yoita rukoko rwakasimba rwunobviswa nevarimi nekushambidzwa nemvura nyowani. Vhidhiyo inotevera inotsanangura maitiro acho zvakanaka.
Iyo Chios mastic resin tsika yakasarudzwa se Isingaonekwe Tsika Nhoroondo yeVanhu naUNESCO muna Mbudzi 27, 2014.
Mhando dzemastic resin
Kune maviri akakosha mastic resin. Vanosiyana kubva kune mumwe nechero yavo yekuchena.
- Kazhinji mastic resin, rakasviba ruvara, rine tsvina zhinji. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, inokosheswa nekuda kwehutano hwayo hwekugaya basa.
- Teardrop mastic nebwePale amber muvara, yakashata kusvika pakubata uye ine girazi muchimiro. Iyo yakanyanyisa ductile uye inonhuwirira zvakanyanya. Iyo inosimbisa mumatavi emastic uye haina kuwira pasi, ndosaka iri yakachena kupfuura yakajairika mastic. Mutengo wekirogiramu yetiardrop mastic resin iri kutenderera zana nemakumi mashanu emadhora.
Mastichochoria: iwo emataundi maguta
Chikamu chekumaodzanyemba cheChios chinozivikanwa nezita rekuti Masticchoria (ChiGiriki, "mastic vanhu"). Kune huwandu hwenzvimbo makumi maviri nemana dzine kugadzirwa kwakapoteredzwa mukati me Kudzivirirwa Kusarudzwa kweKutanga neEuropean Union.
Pyrgi, iro guta hombe mudunhu reMastichochoria
Pakati penzvimbo dzinoita raramo nekurima mastic, isu tinofanira kutaura Pyrgi, Mesta, Armolia, Kalamoti y kalimasia, pakati pevamwe.
Kugadzirwa kwemastic resin pachiwi chiri mumaoko eimwe mushandirapamwe yakavambwa muna 1938. Iri sangano rinotarisirawo Chios Resin Museum, iyo inopa chiratidziro chechigarire pane kugadzirwa kweiyi pfuma yakasikwa, nhoroondo yayo, maitiro ayo ekurima uye mashandisiro akasiyana aanopihwa nhasi.
Musi waAugust 18, 2012, a moto mukuru wesango muChios izvo zvakamanikidza kuburitswa kwemataundi mashanu kumaodzanyemba kwechitsuwa uye izvo zvakaparadza angangoita 7.000 mahekita emasango uye mapurazi. Iko kuparadza kwainyanya kukuvadza kunharaunda yeMastichochoria, uko kwakatenderedza 60% yemastic yakarasika. Iyo mastic resin yekugadzira indasitiri yakatambura a Zvakaoma kurova uye aingokwanisa chete kudzosera pre-njodzi matanho makore mashoma apfuura.