Iyo yemari system yeiyo India Inopa misiyano mizhinji kana ichienzaniswa neiyo inowanikwa munyika dzekuMadokero. Basa rezvemari rinotariswa zvakanyanya neHurumende uye rinotenderera kumabhizimusi eruzhinji. Chaizvoizvo, ese mabhanga muIndia, kusanganisira akazvimirira mabhangi, anotongwa neiyo Central Bank yeIndia (RBI) Ndiwo mutumbi mukuru wekutarisira wezvemari system.
Zvisinei, Chikamu chebhengi cheIndia zvachinja zvakanyanya mumakumi maviri emakore apfuura. Shanduko yekuda kutanga yakatanga muna 1991 yaisanganisira maitiro ekufarira kusunungurwa kwechikamu nekushambadza. Semuenzaniso, yaibvumidzwa kusunungura chimbadzo, izvo zvino zvinogona kuiswa zvakasununguka nemasangano akasiyana. Mhedzisiro yeshanduko idzi ipanorama nyowani yezvehupfumi munyika yeAsia. Izvi ndizvo zvino makuru mabhanga muIndia:
Indian yekutengesa banking yakarongedzwa kutenderedza mapoka makuru maviri:
- Asina-Kurongwa Zvekutengesa Mabhangi, yakaumbwa nemabhangi ezvokutengeserana asina kunyoreswa pasi peChipiri Chirongwa cheReserve Bank yeIndia Act, mutemo kubva panguva yekoloni, sekugadzwa kwavakaitwa muna 1934, asi uchiri kushanda. Muchikamu ichi mune mabhanga emuno. Kukosha kwayo mukati meazvino banking system kune mashoma.
- Yakarongwa Mabhangi Ekutengesa, kureva kuti, mabhangi masangano akanyoreswa pasi pemutemo wataurwa pamusoro. Aya mabhanga ariwo akakamurwa kuita mamwe maviri mapoka:
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- Veruzhinji mabhanga.
- Masangano akazvimiririra emabhangi (zvese epasirese uye epasi rese)
Veruzhinji mabhanga
Mabhangi muIndia ayo akasanganiswa munzvimbo dzakazvimiririra anoumba boka rakasarudzika rinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvitatu zvakapamhama:
State Bank yeIndia (SBI) ndiyo inotungamira bhanga reruzhinji munyika
State Bank of India
Ndiro bhanga guru revanhu muIndia rine 80% yemadhipoiti uye iyo ine huwandu hukuru hwemahofisi nemapazi munyika yese.
Nationalized mabhanga
Aya mabhangi akawanikwa nehurumende yeIndia muzuva rayo kuvanunura kubva mukubhuroka. Ivo vakatenderedza makumi maviri emasangano. Zvizhinji zvekushambadzira kwakaitika mu20. Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, mabhanga akatanga kushanda semasangano emari ehunhu hwemagariro, achisungirwa kupa chikamu chezviwanikwa zvavo kuzvikamu zvine budiriro iyo Hurumende inoona sekutanga.
Matunhu emabhanga kumaruwa
Aya mabhanga akagadzirwa neHurumende muna1975 nechinangwa chekurerutsa mukana wekuwana chikwereti kuvarimi vadiki. Parizvino pane zvinosvika makumi mashanu zvinhu zverudzi urwu zvakapararira munyika yese.
Mabhangi akazvimirira
Parizvino, dzakatenderedza makumi maviri epachivande zvikwereti zvikwereti zvine nyika capital zvinoshanda muIndia. Mabhanga eIndia akazvimiririra akaiswa pasi pemitemo yakaoma nehurumende mukupera kwema20, izvo zvakakanganisa kukura kwavo. Chete mushure mekushandurwa kwa60 ndipo pavakazokwanisa kuwana mukana wekukwikwidzana nemabhangi eruzhinji. Pakati pezvakakosha pane zvinotevera, izvo pamwechete neHurumende Bank yeIndia (SBI) vanoumba boka revanonzi "Makuru mana" Indian mabhangi: ICICI Bank, Punjab National Bank, Bhangi reIndia y Kanara Bank.
ICICI Bank Bazi
ICICI Bank
El ICICI, Industrial Chikwereti uye Investment Corporation yeIndia, ibhangi rechipiri pakukura muIndia, riine mapazi anodarika zviuru zviviri akapararira munyika yese. Iyo zvakare ndiyo hombe kiredhiti kadhi mupi muIndia.
Iyo yakavambwa mu1954 uye yakavakirwa mu Mumbai. ICICI yakava rimwe remabhangi akakurisa eIndia mushure mekubudirira kwayo kubatanidza maitiro ne Bhangi reRajasthan mugore 2010.
Parizvino yakanyudzwa muchirongwa chekuda kuwedzera chenyika dzese. ICICI Bank iripo munyika gumi nematanhatu kunze kweIndia: Bangladesh, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, China, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, United States, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Russia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, South Africa uye Tairendi.
Punjab National Bank (PNB)
Yakagadzwa muna 1894, iyo Punjab National Bank (PNB) Ndiyo yechitatu pakukura muIndia. Kunyangwe yakatanga chiitiko chayo muguta reLahore, dzimbahwe rayo riripo mu New Delhi.
Iine mabhizimusi emabhangi mu United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Dubai uye Kabul (Afuganisitani), pamusoro pemahofisi anomiririra mu Almaty (Kazakhstan), Dubai, Oslo (Norway), uye Shanghai (China).
Mutungamiri werusununguko rweIndia, Mahatma Gandhi, aigara achishanda chete neiri bhengi kune zvake zvakavanzika nyaya. Hunhu hwenyika yeGNP hunoratidzwa zvakare muchokwadi kuti nderimwe remabhangi ekare kwazvo munyika, rakagadzirwa nemari yenyika yose uye richiri kushanda.
Canara Bank
Cnara Bank, bhanga guru re Bangalore uye chimwe chekare kwazvo munyika, izita rechina rinopedzisa poker yemabhangi makuru eIndia.
Kunyangwe kufamba kwenguva uye neshanduko dzakadzama dzakaitika muchikamu mumakore apfuura, Canara Bank inoramba yakatendeka iwo misimboti yakafuridzira kuvambwa kwayo. Pakati pavo, zvionekwe zvinangwa zvekubvisa mashura nekusaziva, kudzidzisa tsika yekuchengetedza nekudyara chikamu chebatsiro rayo muzvirongwa zvemagariro.