Mhuka dzeAustralia dzakasarudzika

Chimwe chezvikonzero zvinoita kuti Australia ive nyika inonakidza zvakadaro hupfumi hwayo hwepanyama hunoshamisa. Iyo Australia mhuka dzesango iyo yakagadzirirwa chikamu chikuru chemarudzi chisingawanikwe kuwana chero kumwe pasi. Asi pane tsananguro yesainzi yekuvapo kwevakawanda uye zvichishamisa magumo munyika dzeAustralia.

Iko mavambo emhuka dzeAustralia dzakakonzerwa ne zvinhu zviviri: geological uye mamiriro ekunze. Kusvikira makore makumi mashanu emamirioni matunhu ari chikamu che Ositireriya dzazvino dzakabatanidzwa mune yepamusoro gondwana (iyo yaisanganisirawo South America, Africa, uye Antarctica). Australia yakaparadzaniswa nedzimwe nyika uye yakaramba iri yoga. Nenzira iyi, mhuka nezvirimwa zvakashanduka zvakasiyana kubva kune zvinomera nemhuka zvepasi rese.

Kunyangwe apo makondinendi eAsia neOceania akabonderana makore mashanu emakore apfuura, iko kusara kwakaramba kuripo. Kudanwa Mutsara waWallace, iyo inowedzera munzvimbo dzese dzeAustro-Indonesian archipelago, chipingamupinyi chechisikigo chakadzivirira kubatana pakati pemhuka dzaivapo munzvimbo dzese dze zoogeographic.

Mhedzisiro huru yezvose izvi mumhuka kwaive kuberekwa, mukati mehurongwa hwezvipuka, zveboka rekushanduka rakasiyana nedzimwe nyika. marsupials.

Fauna dzeAustralia: Mammals

Mhuka dzeAustralia dzakakamurwa kuva mapoka makuru maviri: marsupials y zvipenga. Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti vakadzi vekare vakapiwa a bhegi kana homwe mairi mudiki munorarama mushure mekuzvarwa. Iyo kangaroo, koala kana Tasmanian Dhiyabhorosi ndiyo mienzaniso inozivikanwa kwazvo.

Kangaroo

Kana isu tichifunga nezvemhuka dzeAustralia, mufananidzo we kangaroo kusvetuka. Idzi mhuka dzine muswe murefu uye makumbo ane tsandanyama dzinovatendera kufamba-famba nekusvetuka kukuru. Idzo mhuka dzinodyisa uye dzinowanzoita husiku. Kune mhando dzakasiyana (grey kangaroo, tsvuku kangaroo, wallabee, nezvimwewo).

Koala

Shure kwekangaroo, mhuka inonyanya kuzivikanwa muAustralia hapana mubvunzo kuti ndiyo koala Iyi diki inodyisa marsupial inogara mumakorona emiti yemeucalyptus, ayo mashizha ndiwo chikafu chayo chikuru. Koalas vanogara kumabvazuva kwechitsuwa. Hunhu hwavo hwepanyama ndidzo nzeve dzavo hombe uye kurongedzwa kwezvigunwe zvemanzara avo, aine zvigumwe zviviri zvakatarisana, izvo zvinovatendera kubatisisa zvakanaka kumatavi emiti. Kudzikama kwake uye "teddy bear" kutaridzika kunomuita anofarirwa nevana.

Tasmanian Dhiyabhorosi

Ndiyo mhuka huru kwazvo inodya nyama muAustralia. Iyo muvhimi, anotsvaga uye ane hukasha muhunhu. Chitarisiko chayo ndechembwa diki ine hutema hutema, iine shaya hombe dzinoyeuchidza fisi. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita rayo, inogara mu tasmania chitsuwa, kunyange hazvo kusvika chete mazana mashoma emakore apfuura yakanga yakapararira muAustralia mose.

Yaenda

Pakati pezvipfuwo zvine simba, zvakakosha kuratidza iyo dingo, inonzi futi Mhumhi yeAustralia. Zvinotendwa kuti iyi canid yakasvika pachitsuwa-kondinendi makore zviuru zvishanu apfuura. Iyo inogara kunyanya muchikamu chekuchamhembe chenyika, kuwedzera kune mamwe matunhu eSoutheast Asia. Kuve mapere akawanda kupfuura imbwa, idzi mhuka hadzina kukwanisa kudzidziswa. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakasarudzika zvematomu ayo ndeyangu refu mhino. Rudzi urwu ndirwo vakatongerwa kutsakatika, kunyangwe zvisiri nekutambudzwa kwevanhu, asi nekuenderera uye kusingadzivisike kusanganiswa nemamwe marudzi eine canine.

Dzimwe mhuka dzakakurumbira ndidzo bandicoot, mbeva inogara munzvimbo dzine matanda uye wombat, Inotaridzika yakafanana nebere diki.

Fauna dzeAustralia: Shiri

Pakati peshiri dzeAustralia, kuwanda kwemarudzi e mbira pamwe neshiri diki dondo senge iyo robin wekuAustralia kana the mbira. Kune dzimwewo shiri dzakakosha dzinodya nyama dzakadai segondo rakashinga. Uye pakati peshiri dzegungwa, akanyanya kukosha marudzi ane Australian pelican and the bhuruu penguin, iyo yega yega penguin inogara pamhenderekedzo yeAustralia.

Iyo shiri dzisina ndege, mamwe makuru. Iyo emu Ndiyo shiri yechipiri pakukura pasirese, ichingopfuura hukuru nemhou. Naiye, anogona kumhanya nekumhanya kukuru. Emus yevakuru inogona kuyera kusvika pamasendimita 130 uye inorema anodarika makumi mana kg. Mapapiro ayo akachena uye kune zvinopfuura mazana mazana manomwe ezvienzaniso zvakapararira munyika yese.

Amphibians, hove uye zvinokambaira zvemhuka dzeAustralia

Iyo inoshamisa mosaic yemhuka dzeAustralia dzinozadziswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzemamphibian (kunyanya matatya emuti) uye zvinokambaira. Zvekupedzisira, zvakakodzera kujekesa kuwanda kwemarudzi e nyoka chepfu, pamwe nenyoka uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa mhando. Zvakare kumahombekombe eAustralia kunogara mhando dzinoverengeka dze kamba (tortoiseshell, green, lute nevamwe). Iyo madzvinyu ivowo vakawanda kwazvo. Kubva pamhando dzakasiyana siyana dzinofanirwa kutaura nezve moloch, the hofori kuongorora kana the bhuruu rinotaura-bhuruu.

Endemisms zvakajairika pakati hove dzeAustralia, kunyanya avo vanogara munzizi nemadhamu enyika. Kune rimwe divi, zvipuka zvegungwa zvakangofanana neizvo zvinogona kuwanikwa mumvura dzeSouth Asia uye chero imwe nharaunda yePacific Ocean.

Iyo platypus

Chekupedzisira, mhando iyo, nekuda kwekusiana kwayo, inokodzera chitsauko chakaparadzana: iyo simbamabwe. Yakatsanangurwa kakawanda seimwe yemhuka dzinoshamisa kwazvo pasirese. Ndiyo chaiyo inomiririra boka remhuka dzinodaidzwa monotremes, iyo inogovana hunhu hwezvipuka uye zvinokambaira. Semuenzaniso: vane vhudzi asi kubereka kwavo kune oviparous (vanoisa mazai). Kune mamwe marudzi emamonemetremes, asi hapana kana akasarudzika seichi.

Pakati pezvimwe zvakasarudzika, iyo platypus ine muchetura, ine mhino muchimiro chedhongi, muswe wayo wakafanana newave beaver uye makumbo ayo akafanana neayo e otter. Kekutanga nguva yakamonerwa yemhuka iyi yakasvika muEurope, zvaifungidzirwa kuve zvekunyepedzera.

Chero zvazvingava, imhuka inodiwa kwazvo nevaAustralia (inotoonekwa pamari yemakumi maviri), iyo zvakare inofarira kuchengetedzwa kwakakosha.