Tsika dzeRussia: Baba Yaga

Nyamavhuvhu 22 izuva reInternational Folklore Day uye iko kutaura kwetsika kunobatanidza vanhu uye kunosanganisira majee, zvirevo, kutamba, nyaya, ngano, mumhanzi ... Pano nepapo pane ngano, uye mune Russia imwe ye vanhu vatambis inonyanya kufarirwa ndeye iyo Baba Yaga.

Muchokwadi inoyambuka miganhu sezvo iri yetsika dzeSlavic, asi yakatosvetukira kune dzisiri dzeSlavic nyaya, kune nyika yemakomiki, mafashoni emagazini nemabhaisikopo. Nhasi zvino, in Absolut Viajes diki ngano yeRussia kubva paruoko rwekare Baba Yaga.

Yaga bheri

Sezvatakambotaura kare hunhu hunobva mungano yeSlavic uye yachembera kwazvo. Zviri nezve mweya unoshamisa iyo inowanikwa muchimiro che chembere kana vatatu vehama vanogovera zita rimwe chete. Kazhinji anogara mudumba kana dumba rinonzi rinotsigirwa pamapfupa ehuku.

Ndicho sanganisa. Sekunge paine nyaya mairi dzinoita senge anodya mwana, kune vamwewo mune iyo iri chembere yamai izvo zvinobatsira avo vanosangana nazvo kana vanozvitsvaga. Uye zvakare, iye ari kuve anofambidzana nehupenyu hwemusango uye vese vaIya Yaga mumwe weanonyanya kukanganwika manhamba ezvengano dzese dzekuEastern Europe.

Kuve hunhu hunodarika miganho mukati memunyika yeSlavic, zita rake rave nemhando dzakasiyana. Izwi baba zvinoreva Old Russian uye zvinoreva nyamukuta, muroyi, svikiro. Nhasi, muRussia yemazuva ano, izwi babushka, ambuya, zvinobva kwaari, semuenzaniso, kana iyo polish Babcia, zvakare. Izvo kune rumwe rutivi, asi kune rumwe rutivi kune zvimwewo zvisina kunaka zvinoreva kana kushandiswa kweshoko.

Nekudaro, neimwe nzira zvinobva mukusanzwisisika kweshoko baba kuti nyaya dzakasiyana nezvehunhu hwevanhu hunobuda. Izvo zvekuve panguva imwechete mai vechembere amai uye kugona kugona zvakaipa.

Uye zvinorevei yaga, chechipiri chinhu chezita? Etymologically kutaura zvakaoma kuwana mavambo, asi mumitauro yakati wandei yeSlavic mudzi wawo unoratidzika kunge unonzwika sezvinhu zvakaita hasha, kutya, kutya, hasha, kurwara, kurwadziwa...

Nyaya dzaBaba Yaga

Neiyi tsananguro yezita uye hunhu kusanzwisisika, ndedzipi nyaya pamusoro paBaba Yaga? Zvakanaka, pane nyaya dzakawanda pamusoro peiyi muroyi ane mukurumbira uye tinozviwana kwese kwese. Ukraine, Russia neBelarus kunyanya.

Ndicho chembere, ine ngowani yakagadzirwa nemapfupa ehuku, neimwe mutsvairo, nguva dzose pedyo nedhaka. Dumba rake rakagadzirwa nemapfupa uye naro anofamba kwese kwese, achikwanisa kutendeuka nemhepo. Icho chinoshamisira nekuti chakashongedzwa nemadehenya uye mukati mune makenduru mazhinji emhando dzakasiyana, akabatidzwa uye asina kubatidzwa. Mukati, mune zvakare waini nenyama uye tarisiro vashandi vanozvishandira.

Nyaya zhinji dzinomutsanangura se kushaya chembere ine mazino anopinza uye yakaoma, rakasviba ganda. Kunyanya mune iyo nyaya umo iyo inodya avo vayakabatwa. Asi, mune dzimwe nyaya, idzo dzaari dzakanaka, tsananguro yacho ndeyeyechembere.

Iwe uchaverenga mhando dzese dzenyaya: izvo inodya vana, inodya mweya, inosarudza zuva rekufa yevanhu, chii chinonzi capricious, uyo anokumbira zvibayiro zvevana mukutsinhana nehupfumi, kuti imba yake izambuko pakati penyika yevapenyu nenyika yevakafa.

Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nenyaya iwe yaunoverenga, iwe uchaona imwe kana imwe vhezheni yaBaba Yaga, uye kunyangwe iyo mune iyo isiri chembere asi hanzvadzi nhatu dzekare. Pane dzimwe mbiri nyaya dzakakurumbiraNdinoziva zvasara.

Mupfungwa iyi, vatatu vehanzvadzi, inyaya ya Mukadzi Tsar, akaunganidzwa muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX naAlexander Afanasyev. Iyo protagonist ndiIvan, mwanakomana akanaka wemutengesi, uyo anosangana nevatatu Baba Yagas.

Chekutanga anomhanyira mukabhini uye nasisi vekutanga, vanotaura uye anomutumira kunotaura kune imwe hanzvadzi yake, mune kabhini yakafanana neyavo yekutanga. Anodzokorora mazwi epfuura, anopindura mibvunzo yakafanana, asi haamutume kuti aone hanzvadzi yechitatu neyekupedzisira nekuti anomuudza kuti kana akamutsamwira, achamudya.

Asi anokuyambira, kana iwe usina rombo rakanaka kumuona, kuti uchenjere, kumutora nyanga uye kukumbira mvumo yekudziridza. Zvakanaka, anozopedzisira ave nekusangana uku uye paanoridza nyanga dzakawanda dzeshiri dzinoonekwa uye imwe yadzo inomuponesa nekumutora kuenda naye.

Imwe ngano yakakurumbira ndeye iyo Vasilisa Akanaka. Musikana uyu anogara naamai vake vokurera vakaipa pamwe nehanzvadzi dzake mbiri (Cinderella, pamwe?). Chokwadi ndechekuti ivo vanoda kumuuraya uye kuronga kuita saizvozvo. Vanoedza kanoverengeka uye pakupedzisira vanomutumira akananga kuimba yaBaba Yaga nekuti ivo vanoziva kuti achamudya.

Asi izvo hazviitike, anomutora semuchengeti wemba achimuita kuti aite zvinhu zvakaoma, asi musikana anoita zvese zvakanaka obva amurega achidzokera kumba. Anodzoka nemwenje wechembere, mwenje wemashiripiti, unovhenekera nekumedza mhuri yake yakaipa, ichimupisa ari mupenyu. Uye mhuri yakanaka uye unogamuchira nyika inofara nekuti pakupedzisira Vasilisa akanaka anoroora mambo.

Nhoroondo mbiri idzi mienzaniso yeiyo kusanzwisisika kweiyo folkloric hunhu hwaBaba Yaga: iye akanaka uye iye akaipa, anodzvinyirira uye akapfava kana akanaka. Uku kusanzwisisika, kwevanyanzvi vezvengano, kune hukama nemasikirwo uye hukadzi uye ndizvo zvinoita kuti chimiro ichi chive chakasarudzika mukati mevanhu.

Sei? Zvakanaka, nekuti mune dzakawanda ngano dzeEuropean vatambi vacho vakagadzikana uye iwe unoziva zvaunotarisira kubva kwavari, kana kufambisa kana kudzivisa, iwo mabasa anogara ari emunhu akaipa kana weanopa. Uye Baba Yaga chero chinhu chingafungidzirwa.

Baba Yaga mune yakakurumbira tsika

Kunyange yanga yakagara iri slavic world hunhuKwechinguva ikozvino, yayambuka miganhu. Sezvatakataura, akaonekwa munyika yemakomiki, terevhizheni nemamuvhi. Panyaya yeterevhizheni, kana iwe ukaona IOA, neNetflixIwe uchaziva kuti Baba Yaga vanogara vachionekwa muzviratidzo.

Zvakare inowanikwa mukati Dragon Ball, iyo Accountant yeFortune Baba Yaga, inodzokororwa hunhu mu Hellboy, mune inoverengeka naOrson Scott Card (munyori weEnder's Game), Uroyi, mune akateedzana e Scooby Doo!, mumutambo wevhidhiyo Kumuka kweTomb Rairder and in the Castlevania: Ishe weMimvuri uye zvakare mune akateedzana e John tambo, kungo taura mashoma ekuonekwa kwake.

Uye kana zvese zvinoonekwa zvisina kukwana, akatove akaonekwa mune feminist webhusaiti, Iyo Hairpin, kuti gare gare svetukira kune bhuku pazano kubva kuna Baba maonero, "Bvunza Baba Yaga."