Inkolo eNgilane

Ukusukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithandathu, eyona nkolo iqhelekileyo eNgilane eye yafumana iwonga elisemthethweni kweli lizwe yi-Anglicanism, isebe lobuKristu.. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvela kweziganeko zembali kunye neziganeko ezinje ngokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kubangele ukuba iinkolo ezahlukeneyo zihlale ngaphakathi kwemida yazo. Kwiposi elandelayo sijonga ezona nkolo ziqhutywa kakhulu eNgilane kunye nezinye zazo.

IAnglican

Inkolo esemthethweni yaseNgilani yiAnglican, eqhutywa ngama-21% yabemi. ICawa yaseNgilani yahlala imanyene neCawa yamaKatolika de kwayinkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Oku kuvela ngommiselo kaKumkani uHenry VIII emva kwesenzo sobungangamsha ngo-1534 apho azibhengeza njengentloko yecawa ngaphakathi kobukumkani bakhe nalapho ayalela abantu bakhe ukuba bohlukane nokuthobela inkolo kuPopu kaClement VII, owayephikisana nenyaniso yokuba Inkosi yaqhawula umtshato noKumkanikazi uCatherine waseAragon ukutshata nesithandwa sakhe uAna Bolena.

Umthetho weeNdyebo kwakuloo nyaka wamisela ukuba abo basikhabayo esi senzo kwaye bahlutha inkosi isidima sayo njengentloko yeCawe yaseNgilani okanye bathi bangabaqhekeki okanye abohlulwayo baya kubekwa ityala lokungcatsha urhulumente ngesigwebo sentambo. . Ngo-1554 uKumkanikazi uMary I waseNgilani, owayengumKatolika ozinikeleyo, wasirhoxisa esi senzo kodwa udadewabo uElizabeth I wasiphinda sisibuyisele ekufeni kwakhe.

Lwaqala ke ixesha lokunganyamezelani ngokwenkolo yamaKatolika ngokubhengeza isifungo kuMthetho wokuPhakama onyanzelekileyo kubo bonke abo babeza kuba nezikhundla zikawonke-wonke okanye zecawa ebukumkanini. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo yoburhulumente bukaElizabeth I, njengoko amaKatolika ahluthwa amandla kunye nobutyebi, kwabakho ukufa kwabantu abaninzi abangamaKatolika abayalelwa ngukumkanikazi owabenza baba ngabafeli-nkolo abaninzi beCawe yamaKatolika njenge-Jesuit Edmundo Campion. Wenziwa umsulwa nguPopu Paul VI ngo-1970 njengomnye wabafeli-nkolo abangama-XNUMX baseNgilani nase Wales.

Imfundiso yamaTshetshi

UKumkani uHenry VIII wayechasene neProtestanti kwaye wayengumfundisi ongumKatolika. Ngapha koko, wabhengezwa njengo "Mkhuseli Wokholo" ngokwala kwakhe ubuLuthere. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukubhangiswa komtshato wakhe wagqiba kwelokuba ahlukane neCawa yamaKatolika kwaye abe yintloko ephezulu yeCawe yaseNgilani.

Kwinqanaba lezakwalizwi, iAnglican yakuqala yayingahlukanga kangako kubuKatolika. Nangona kunjalo, inani elandayo leenkokeli zale nkolo intsha labonisa uvelwano lwabo kubaHlaziyi bamaProtestanti, ngakumbi uCalvin kwaye ngenxa yoko Icawa yaseNgilani ngokuthe ngcembe yaguqukela kumxube phakathi kwesiko lamaKatolika kunye noHlaziyo lwamaProtestanti. Ngale ndlela, i-Anglicanism ibonwa njengenkolo eyinyamezelayo imo eyahlukeneyo eyahlukeneyo yeemfundiso ukongeza kwizinto eziyimfuneko kubukristu.

UbuKatolika

Ngaphantsi nje kwe-20% yabemi, ubuKatolika yinkolo yesibini eyenziwa ngamaNgesi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje le mfundiso ifumana ukuzalwa kwakhona eNgilane kwaye yonke imihla kuninzi elizweni. Izizathu zahlukile, nangona ezibini zinobunzima obukhulu: kwelinye icala, ukwehla kweCawa yaseNgilani njengoko abanye babanyanisekileyo bayo beguqukele kubuKatolika ngenxa yokufana kokholo okanye bamkele ukungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo. Kwelinye icala, uninzi lwabaphambukeli abangamaKatolika bafikile eNgilani abenza iinkolelo zabo, ngaloo ndlela bephefumla umoya omtsha kumphakathi wamaKatolika.

Ikwancedile ukuvuselela ubuKatolika eNgilane ukuba abantu abakwizikhundla ezifanelekileyo bazibhengeza elubala ukuba bangamaKatolika kwilizwe apho kungade kube kudala aba bantu bathembekileyo babehlala kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo kwaye behlulwa kwizikhundla zikarhulumente nezasemkhosini. Umzekelo wabantu abadumileyo bamaKatolika eNgilane nguMphathiswa Wezabasebenzi u-Iain Duncan Smith, uMlawuli we-BBC uMark Thompson okanye owayesakuba yi-Nkulumbuso u-Tony Blair.

inkolo yamaSilamsi

Inkolo yesithathu ethandwa kakhulu ngabemi baseNgilani yi-Islam, ine-11% yabemi bayo kwaye lukholo olukhule kakhulu kula mashumi eminyaka akutshanje ngokwe-Ofisi yoBalo lweSizwe. Kukwikomkhulu, eLondon, apho inani elikhulu lamaSilamsi ligxile kulandelwa ezinye iindawo ezinjengeBirmingham, iBradford, iManchester okanye iLeicester.

Le nkolo yazalwa ngo-622 AD kushunyayelwa uMprofeti uMuhammad eMecca (namhlanje eyi-Saudi Arabia). Ngaphantsi kobunkokheli bakhe kunye nabalandelayo, i-Islam yasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwiplanethi kwaye namhlanje yenye yeenkolo ezinenani elikhulu kunazo zonke ezithembekileyo eMhlabeni kunye nabantu abayi-1.900 bhiliyoni. Ngapha koko, amaSilamsi uninzi lwabantu kumazwe angama-50.

Inkolo yamaSilamsi iyinkolo yothixo omnye esekwe kwiKoran, esisiseko sayo samakholwa kukuba "Akukho thixo ngaphandle kuka-Allah noMuhammad ngumprofeti wakhe."

unkolo yamaHindu

Inkolo elandelayo nenani elikhulu labathembekileyo bubuHindu. NjengamaSilamsi, abaphambukeli abangamaHindu abeza kusebenza eNgilani beza namasiko abo kunye nokholo lwabo. Uninzi lwazo lwaya kusebenza e-United Kingdom emva kwenkululeko ye-India kwi-1947 kunye nemfazwe yamakhaya eSri Lanka eyaqala nge-80s.

Uluntu lwamaHindu luninzi kakhulu eNgilane, kangangokuba ngo-1995 kwakhiwa itempile yokuqala yamaHindu, emantla kwikomkhulu lamaNgesi eNeasden, ukuze abathembekileyo bakwazi ukuthandaza. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ehlabathini kukho izigidi ezingama-800 zamaHindu, njengenye yeenkolo ezithembekileyo ehlabathini.

Imfundiso yamaHindu

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinkonzo, ubuHindu abunaye umseki. Ayisiyo ifilosofi okanye inkolo eyahlukileyo kodwa iseti yeenkolelo, izithethe, amasiko, amasiko kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha eyakha isithethe esiqhelekileyo, ekungekho mbutho uphambili kuyo okanye iinkolelo ezichaziweyo.

Nangona oothixo bamaHindu benoothixo abaninzi noothixo abaninzi, uninzi lwabathembekileyo luzinikele ekubonakalisweni kathathu kothixo ophakamileyo owaziwa njengoTrimurti, ubathathu emnye wamaHindu: uBrahma, uVisnu noSiva, umdali, umgcini kunye nomtshabalalisi ngokwahlukeneyo. Uthixo ngamnye unee-avatata ezahlukeneyo, ezizizinto ezizalwa ngokutsha kuthixo osemhlabeni.

BuBuddha

Kuqhelekile ukufumana abalandeli beBuddhism eNgilane, ngakumbi kumazwe aseAsia anembali efanayo neNgilane ngenxa yobukhosi baseNgilani obamiselwa kwelo lizwekazi kude kube yinkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Kwelinye icala, kuye kwakho inani eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kule nkolo kwezinye iinkolo.

UbuBuddha yenye yeenkolo ezinkulu zeplanethi ngokwenani labalandeli. Inika uluhlu lwezikolo, iimfundiso kunye nezenzo eziphantsi kweendawo zokuhlala kunye nembali ezihlelwe kubuBuddha obuvela emantla, emazantsi nasempuma.

Imfundiso yobuBuddha

UbuBuddha buvele nge-XNUMXth century BC kwiimfundiso ezinikezwe nguSiddhartha Gautama, umseki wayo, kumantla mpuma e-India. Ukusukela ngoko ukuya phambili, yaqala ukwanda ngokukhawuleza eAsia.

Iimfundiso zikaBuddha zishwankathelwe "kwiiNyaniso ezine eziNqabileyo" njengeyona mfundiso iphambili yomthetho weKarma. Lo mthetho uchaza ukuba izenzo zomntu, nokuba zilungile okanye zimbi, zinesiphumo kubomi bethu nakwisiqhelo esilandelayo. Kwangokunjalo, ubuBuddha buyayikhaba into yokuba abantu bakhululekile ukumisela ikamva labo ngokusekwe kwizenzo zabo, nangona benokufumana ilifa kwiziphumo zento abaye banayo kubomi bangaphambili.

LobuYuda

UbuJuda bukwakhona eNgilane kwaye yenye yezona nkolo zindala emhlabeni, eyokuqala yeyodidi olunye, kuba ibubungqina bokuba kuphela koThixo onamandla onke nowaziyo. UbuKristu buvela kubuYuda kuba iTestamente eNdala yinxalenye yokuqala yeBhayibhile yamaKrestu kwaye uYesu, unyana kaThixo wamaKristu, wayenemvelaphi yobuJuda.

Imfundiso yamaJuda

Umxholo wemfundiso yawo wenziwe yiTorah, oko kukuthi, umthetho kaThixo obonakaliswe ngemiyalelo awayeyinike uMoses eSinayi. Ngale miyalelo, abantu kufuneka balawule ubomi babo kwaye bazithobe kwintando kaThixo.