Ilizwe laseFrance laseBasque

Ilizwe laseFrance laseBasque likwazile ukudibanisa, njengemimandla embalwa emhlabeni, isiko kunye nolwanamhlanje. Ngokubhekisele kweyokuqala, inokubonakala kuhlobo lwayo lokuloba elwandle, olukhokelele ekubeni lubalasele ekulobeni nzulu elwandle; ngokunxulumene nembali namasiko abo; kwizikhumbuzo zayo nakubugcisa bendabuko okanye kwiilwimi zayo zaseBasque naseGascon. Kodwa, ngaphezulu kwayo yonke loo nto, kuloo moya wamandulo kunye nomlingo omnika umtsalane wawo.

Kwaye, ngokubhekisele kwinto yanamhlanje, kubonakala kwifayile ye- cosmopolitism eyaqala ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX xa iBiarritz yaba yindawo yokuchithela ehlotyeni kwiGallic aristocracy kunye nayo UMlawuli uNapoleon III. Kwaye ngoku iyaqhubeka kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinye zeelwandle zayo kubuntshatsheli bamaza okudlala umdlalo abazimase abathathi-nxaxheba kwihlabathi liphela. Kuko konke oku, siza kuphakamisa ukutyelela kula mazwe omlingo ngobuhle obungaqhelekanga.

Iidolophana ezintle kwilizwe laseFrance laseBasque

Le ndawo isemazantsi-ntshona eFrance inezona lali zintle kweli lizwe. Ukongeza, bahlukile kangangokuba abanye babonisa ubume bezizwe ngezizwe esikhankanyileyo kwaye abanye banikezela ngento ethe yatshintsha kancinci ukusukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe. Ezokuqala zezo zifumaneka elunxwemeni, ngelixa ezi zokugqibela zihlala zifumaneka elizweni.

Hendaye

Yidolophu yokuqala yaselwandle esiyifumanayo xa sinqumla umda waseSpain ngasemlanjeni iBidasoa. Indawo elikuyo iqhinga ibanike ngokubaluleka okukhulu kwimbali okuboniswa kwezinye zezikhumbuzo zalo ezinomtsalane Inqaba yaseAbaddia okanye isikhululo sikaloliwe uqobo apho yabanjwa khona intlanganiso phakathi kukaFranco noHitler.

Kodwa eyona nto intle ngeHendaye mhlawumbi yeyayo Idolophu endala, kunye nezindlu zayo eziqhelekileyo zaseBasque kunye Icawa yaseSan Vicente, eyakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Kwaye iilwandle zayo ezintle kunye namatye aselunxwemeni, awaziwa njenge kubhabha. Malunga noku, musa ukuyeka ukuhamba Bay indlela ukonwabela ukubonwa okuhle kunxweme lwaseCantabrian.

Ukongeza, embindini weBidasoa ngu Isiqithi se pheasant, yangena nasezimbalini. Njengomdla, siya kukuxelela ukuba ulawulo lwabo lwabiwe yiFrance neSpain, kuba eyona condo incinci emhlabeni. Sele ngo-1463, ookumkani uLuis XI no-Enrique IV waseCastile bedibene apho. Kwaye nakwisiqithi i Isivumelwano sePyrenees ngo-1659, eyaphela enye yezona mfazwe zinogonyamelo phakathi kwala mazwe mabini.

Ingcwele uJean de Luz

Yidolophu yesibini oza kuyifumana ukuba ulandela unxweme lweLizwe laseFrance laseBasque ukuya emantla. Yidolophu entle engenabemi elinamawaka alishumi elinesihlanu amawaka anendawo entle kunye nonxweme oluhle ngokulinganayo. Ukuba uhamba ngakwiphondo elijikelezileyo, uya kubona ubuhle izindlu eziqhelekileyo zaseBasque, uninzi lwazo lususela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe, ezinxulunyaniswa nokuhamba ziibhulorho ezincinci.

Ikwaqaqambisa kwindawo leyo Icawa yaseSan Juan Bautista.

Ngokuchanekileyo lo msitho unike ezinye izikhumbuzo zedolophu: entle Indlu kaLouis XIV kunye nokunyanzeliswa Indlu ye-infanta, zombini zikwimeko egqibeleleyo. Okokugqibela, akufuneki ushiye iSan Juan de Luz ngaphandle kokuhamba kwesona sitrato siqhelekileyo: la URue Gambetta, zigcwele ziivenkile zemveli kunye nemivalo.

Biarritz

Kukhulu kunangaphambili, Biarritz Kwaku ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX enye yezona ndawo zazithandwa ngabakhenkethi, kungekuphela nje kwizidwangube zaseFrance, kodwa nakwizidwangube zaseYurophu. Inyaniso yokuba uMlawuli uLouis Napoleon III uchithe ihlobo apho kunye nobuntu bakhe njenge Idolophu engaselwandle.

KwiBiarritz uyabona, mhlawumbi ngenxa yale nto sikuchazele yona nje, intle Icawa yobuOthodoki yenziwe ziingcungcu zaseRussia ezichithe ihlobo zazo apho. Ezinye zezikhumbuzo zenkolo ezinomdla zezi Icawa yaseSan Martín, yakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, yaye kaSanta Eugenia, Ubuhle be-neogothic ukusuka kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinethoba.

Kodwa ulwakhiwo lwe ikhasino, isampulu entle yoyilo lobugcisa beArt Deco; eyoyikekayo Ihotele du Palais, apho kanye uNapoleon III ahlala khona kwaye ngoku iseyindawo yokuhlala yabakhenkethi kunye Indlu yesibane seBiarritz, phantse iminyaka engamakhulu amabini ubudala kunye ne-74 yokuphakama kweemitha ukuphakama, okufikelelwa kwizinyuko ezinamanyathelo angama-250. Ngaphandle kokulibala I-Chapel yoMama wethu waseGuadalupe, isacholo esenziwe ngesitayile saseByzantine Romanesque esakhiwe ngo-1864 kwi-Empress Eugenia de Montijo.

IBayonne

Ukuba ushiya unxweme kunye nentloko ungene emhlabeni, nangona usondele kakhulu kunxweme, uya kufumana esona sixeko sibalulekileyo kwilizwe laseFrance laseBasque: iBayonne. Ngapha koko, ikwabonakala ngathi kukuhamba ngolwandle, njengoko kunjalo ekudibaneni kwemilambo iAdur, Errobi kunye neNive.
Ukongeza, iyidolophu ebaluleke kakhulu kwimbali yaseSpain, kuba uCharles IV noFerdinand VII bathimbe amalungelo abo kwitrone yelizwe lethu bethanda uNapoleon Bonaparte. Bayenzile kwi Inqaba yaseMarracq, apho namhlanje kusele ifadade kuphela.

Yahluke kakhulu kwimeko ye Icawa yasesanta maria, oya kuyibona ikwimeko egqibeleleyo. Eyakhelwe ngenkulungwane ye-1998 emva kwemigaqo yamaGothic, ibiyindawo yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi ukusukela ngo-85. Kananjalo ngaphakathi ungabona ingcwaba likaSan León, ingcwele yomxhasi waseBayonne.

Ilifa lemveli lesikhumbuzo ledolophu lagqitywa nge iinqaba ezindala nezintsha. Eyokuqala ivela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ngelixa eyesibini yayakhiwe kwinduli ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye kungoku nje isihlalo Imyuziyam yaseBasque.
Kwelinye icala, sicebisa ukuba uthathe uhambo nge Rue waseSpain, Esona sitrato sidala esixekweni, esiphela ngokuchanekileyo ePuerta de España. Qiniseka ukuba uzama itshokholethi ebonelelwa yimveliso yokutya okuninzi kwizitrato. Kulungile kangangokuba kude kubekho imyuziyam izinikele kuye.

Ezpelette okanye Ezpeleta

Ukufika kule dolophu intle, kufuneka uthathe indlela ebuyela eSpain, nangona ujika ungene elizweni. Yidolophu encinci enabemi abamalunga namawaka amabini anamakhulu mahlanu abonakala ngathi aqinisisiwe ngaphambili zizitrato zawo ezincinci ze izindlu eziqhelekileyo zaseBasque Ngeeristras zepepile, imifuno eyenze ukuba idume ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, yayixhonywe kwiibhalkoni zayo.

Kuya kufuneka ubone eyakhe icawa wenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe kunye nobuhle bayo Inqaba yamadoda. Kodwa, ukongeza, jonga ipottoka, Uhlobo lwamahashe amancinci kunye nawomthonyama kwindawo leyo engatshintshanga kangako ukusukela ngeNeolithic.

UAinhoa

Ungalugqibezela ukhenketho lwakho lwelizwe laseFrance laseBasque kule dolophu isempuma kwangaphambilini, phantse umda waseSpain. Le yenye ilali entle eyenziwe ngesitalato esinye se iindawo zokuhlala eziqhelekileyo Inkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Yiba yinxalenye Indlela yohambo lwesiFrentshi eya eSantiago de Compostela kwaye inelifa elityebileyo nelityebileyo ngokunxulumene nobukhulu bayo.

Ke, uyabona Icawa yoMama wethu woNyuko, yakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX; i ngaphambili, kwelinye icala letempile kwaye lakhiwa phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, kunye Ukuhlamba iimpahla kwiAlaxurruta, ukuba amanzi aphuma ezintabeni kwaye, ngo-1858, atyelelwa nguNapoleon III.

Kodwa, mhlawumbi, eyona nto intle ngeAinhoa ​​yindawo eyijikelezileyo. Zingamakhulu amahlanu eehektare ze amahlathi neentaba ikulungele ukuba uhambe uye entabeni. Eyona idumileyo kwezi ndlela inembali edumileyo. Ingaba u Umkhondo wabathengisi, apho abalinganiswa badlula nemarike yabo kwindlela yabo eya eSpain.

I-Gastronomy yelizwe laseFrance laseBasque

Awunakho ukulugqiba uhambo lwakho kulo mmandla wommandla ngaphandle kokuzama ukutya kwawo okunamandla kwaye okumnandi. Sele sikuxelele malunga nabadumileyo Ezpeleta pepper, kunye nencasa yayo ebukhali kunye nenencasa encinci, kodwa indawo ityebile kwezinye iimveliso ezininzi. Umzekelo, itshiziNokuba yeyenkomo, yebhokhwe okanye yegusha, intle kakhulu kangangokuba inegama lemvelaphi enje eOssau-Iraty. Okanye Serrano ham, iyinto eqhelekileyo eBayonne kangangokuba inesihloko seNkcazo yeNdawo ekhuselweyo ukusukela ngo-1998. Ngaphandle kokulibala tshokoleji Esi sixeko sokugqibela esithethe ngaso kuwe.

Ngokuchanekileyo isitya esiqhelekileyo siyi-ham eqhotsiweyo sikhatshwa yi "piperrada", ipepile eluhlaza eluhlaza ebomvu nebomvu, itswele kunye netumato. Ezinye iiresiphi ekufuneka uzizamile zezi axoa ngu-Ezpeleta, isityu esenziwe ngenkomo kunye nepelepele yendawo, okanye Uhlobo lwe-Etxalar pigeon salmis. Izitya zenyama zigqityiwe kunye umvundla, irable okanye isinqe somvundla kunye nezo ziphekwe ngodada okanye irhanisi.

Ngokubhekisele kwintlanzi, ungaqala nge inkunzi yenkomo, isuphu eyenziwe ngale nto eluhlaza ibikiwe ngaphambili. Kwaye qhubeka kunye cod a la Basquaise, kunye nepepile eqhotsiweyo, itumato kunye netswele, okanye squidward al Luzienne, kunye netumato.

Eyona dessert iqhelekileyo yile isango le-basque, ikeyiki intlama ikeyiki ezele khekhe, nangona iresiphi yentsusa yayisebenzisa Itxassou cherry jam. Ungasigqiba isidlo sakho nge-cottage cheese okanye i-curd eyenziwe ngobisi lwasekhaya.

Kwaye, ukusela, iwayini evela kummandla. Ezona zaziwa kakhulu zezi ezo ze-Iroleguy, Idolophu ekufutshane neSan Juan de Pie de Puerto enendawo yemvelaphi. Zine-tannic, i-dense kunye neewayini ezinde, phakathi kwazo i-rosés ibalasele.

Ufika njani kwiidolophu zelizwe laseFrance laseBasque

Ukufika kummandla waseFransi welizwe laseBasque kufuneka uwele umda nge I-Fuenterrabía kuHendaye. Xa sele ulapho, eyona ndlela yokundwendwela iidolophu zabo kuku umqeqeshi. Kwilizwe elingummelwane kukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo zothutho lukawonkewonke. Kodwa, ukuba usebenzisa isithuthi sakho, uya kuba nenkululeko yokwenza indlela yakho, uyeke apho ufuna ukonwabela inkangeleko kunye nokutya okumnandi. Ukulandela D912 indlela, Uya kuya eSaint Jean de Luz kwaye, ukuze ufike eBiarritz, kuya kufuneka uthathe i D911. Indawo yakho yokumisa elandelayo iya kuba yiBayonne, oya kuthi uyifikelele ngendlela D260.

Unokwenza olu hambo nge umzila A-63, enyukayo ukuya IBordeaux. Nangona kunjalo, uyakuphoswa yimbonakalo entle yaselunxwemeni ethi ikunike iindlela zangaphambili.

Emva kwexesha, ukuba ufuna ukuya e-Ezpeleta, unamathuba amabini. Nokuba ubuyela kwindlela ohambe ngayo kwaye ujike ecaleni kwendlela D918 edlula e-Ascain naseSaint-Pée-Sur-Nivelle. Okanye uthathe iBayonne D932 kwaye ke D20. Ngokuchanekileyo le yokugqibela iya kukusa eAinhoa. Okokugqibela, ukusuka kule dolophu ungaya kule d918 ikhankanywe apha ngasentla kunye ne-A-63 ukubuyela kumda weSpain.