El IMillau Viaduct, yibhulorho esinokuyifumana eFrance. Kodwa ayisiyiyo nayiphi na ibhulorho, kodwa namhlanje siza kubona ukuba kuphela ngesakhiwo sayo, sele sithetha ngomsebenzi omkhulu wobunjineli. Inqumla ithafa yaseTarn kwaye ayimi kuphela ngobude bayo, kodwa nangokuphakama kwayo.
Ngenye ye intambo-ihleli iibhulorho mde ehlabathini. Emva kwayo, ishiya imibuzo emininzi kunye nezinye iimpendulo ezininzi esiza kuzama ukuzinika namhlanje. Ibe sisiqwenga esikhethekileyo, ke iimfihlo kunye nedatha zixinene ecaleni kwayo. Siza kufumanisa zonke ezinokwenzeka!
I-Millau Viaduct, eyona bhulorho ihlala ikhebula
Enye yezinto ezizodwa ezibalaseleyo, ezingazange zitsho ngcono, kukuba yeyona bhulorho iphezulu njenge-cable-ehlala. Xa sithetha ngolu hlobo lweebhulorho, senza njalo ngokunika ingxelo yokuba isekwe kuhlobo lweebhodi okanye iziseko. Oku kunqunyanyisiwe enkosi kwinto esiyaziyo njengeengubo ezigutyungelweyo, ezingezizo ezo ngaphandle kwezo zintambo zingqindilili ziqhotyoshelwe kuhlobo lwesibonda esityebileyo. Kuyinyani ukuba, kule meko, banemilinganiselo engaqhelekanga. Enye ye uyilo oluthe kratya kolu hlobo lweebhulorho isukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe. Namhlanje sinokuzibona kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi. Kodwa kuyinyani ukuba namhlanje sijamelene nenye yezona ziphezulu.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-viaduct
Ngokubanzi, singatsho ukuba ukulungiselela le projekthi kuthathe ngaphezulu kwaye akukho ngaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14. Ngelixa ukwakhiwa kwayo kwathatha iminyaka emithathu. Yayingumakhi waseBritane uNorman Foster kunye nenjineli uMichael Virlogeux owayeyile yonke le nkqubo kunye neprojekthi. Nje ukuba ivezwe, yathathelwa ingqalelo njengeyona mingeni mikhulu eyenzekileyo eFrance ukusukela oko bakha i INormandy Bridge. Oku kukwahlala intambo kwaye kunqumla ichweba laseSeine.
Ngelixa ulwakhiwo lwayo lwaluthathelwa ingqalelo, zazikho nezinye iindlela ezinokuthi ziqwalaselwe. Kwelinye icala bekujongwe ukuba kungqonge iMillau ngasempuma. Nangona ukuba olu khetho lwalukhethwe, ayisiyiyo ibhulorho enye kuphela kodwa ezimbini ziya kufuneka Kwelinye icala, ukuba iMillau yayijikelezwe ngasentshona, kuya kufuneka ukwakhiwa kweebhulorho ezine. Ukuba balandela ulwalathiso lweNdlela yesi-9 kaZwelonke, kuya kufuneka benze ulwakhiwo embindini weedolophu. Lo nto uwele intlambo yayilukhetho olukhethwe emva kokulinganisa abo bangaphambili.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeMillau Viaduct
Ukuphakama kwayo ziimitha ezingama-343, Ukubhabha ngaphaya koMlambo iTarn. Ngaphandle kokulibala ukuba ubude bayo bufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-2460. Lilonke, ineemfumba zekhonkrithi ezimalunga ne-7 kwaye umgangatho wayo unobubanzi beemitha ezingama-32. Ngokwakheka kwale mihla, kuyinyani ukuba iyadibana ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nemo esingqongileyo. Ezinye zezinto kunye neendlela ezisetyenzisiweyo ukuphakamisa le viaduct ziibhodi zentsimbi, ikhonkrithi njengenye yezona zinto ziphambili, ngaphandle kokulibala i-GPS okanye i-displacer okanye iindlela ze-laser ezazikho. Kufuneka kuthiwe intsika nganye yenziwe ngamacandelo aliqela. La macandelo avela kwinkampani yokwakha i-Eiffage.
Injongo yolu lwakhiwo
Nanini na xa sidibana nomsebenzi onje, kuyakubakho injongo okanye isiphelo. Kule meko, kukuba bafuna ukunqanda icandelo elinzima kakhulu elaliyiTarn neMillau. Kuba kule kuqhelekile ukubona uninzi lwezithuthi, ngakumbi ngamaxesha okhenketho nangeeholide. Ke ngoko, bekucingelwa Hlanganisa iParis kunye nommandla weMeditera YeBéziers. Ke, phantse i-400 yezigidi zabekwa etafileni ukuze zikwazi ukwakha iMillau Viaduct.
Amanqanaba e-viaduct
Kuyinyani ukuba sele sisazi okungakumbi malunga nenjongo kunye ne Iimpawu zale Millau viaduct. Kodwa inyani kukuba kwakungekho lula kangako ukuyiphakamisa. Kuhlala kukho umsebenzi omkhulu ngasemva kwayo kwaye eli tyala alikho ngaphandle.
Isigaba esedlule
Ngokubanzi, kufuneka kuthiwe le yinxalenye yeprojekthi evunyiweyo. Kuyinyani ukuba urhulumente wase-France uxabise ixesha lakhe, ngenxa yengxaki yolwakhiwo. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, isivumelwano sinokufikelelwa.
Inqanaba lokuqala
Iprojekthi yayicwangcisiwe ukuba igqitywe kwisithuba esingaphantsi kweminyaka emine. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba kwakamsinya nje xa iqala, wonke umntu waqonda ukuba yayiyingxaki yokwenyani. Kuba intsika nganye yayingalingani ngobukhulu nezinye. Iqale ngeziseko kwaye kwakungekho lula nokuba, ngenxa yendawo. Emva kwexesha inika indlela beka iintsika kwaye ke, indlela yentsimbi. Apha kuthathe ngaphezulu konyaka ukuba bakwazi ukudibanisa le ndlela.
Uvavanyo lolawulo
Ewe kunjalo, emva kweprojekthi enomceli mngeni omkhulu, akukho nto injengokwenza into engaqhelekanga. uvavanyo lolawulo. Kule meko, ibinomoya, ngenxa yokuphakama kwayo, kwelinye icala, ubunzima bayo. Oku kwenziwa ngokuhamba kweelori ezinzima.
Isigaba sokugqibela
Kuhlala kukho ezinye iziganeko ezingalindelekanga, kuba emva kokwakhiwa okunje ayisiyiyo yonke into eza kulunga. Ezinye zezo kuthethwe ngazo yayikukukhukuliseka komhlaba. Kodwa emva kokuba bezinzile, bakwazile ukugqiba kwangexesha. Kufuneka kuthiwe ngaphezulu kwabantu abangama-600 bebesebenza kwinyathelo ngalinye elikhankanyiweyo ukuze yonke into ibe neziphumo ezilungileyo.