Ngaphakathi kwi-Anne Frank Museum
IAmsterdam kusenokwenzeka ukuba yenye ye izixeko ezipheleleyo eYurophu: Ukusuka kuhambo ngenqanawa ngokusebenzisa imijelo yalo ukuya kwiigadi zeetulip kunye neecawa zelinye ixesha ezidlula kwiindawo ezinomtsalane njengendlu ka-Anne Frank. Indawo yokubalekela ethi, kumashumi eminyaka emva koloyikiso alubonileyo, ivulelekile eluntwini ukuba lisikhumbuze ngokubaluleka kwehlabathi elingenamfazwe okanye ungquzulwano. Ngaba uza nathi kwi Ndwendwela indlu ka-Anne Frank?
Indlu ka-Anne Frank: i-x-ray yebali eyoyikisayo
Ngexesha elaziwa njenge Ubudala beGolide yaseDatshiNgenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, uninzi lwamaJuda lwaleqa kumazwe anjengePortugal okanye iSpain ukuza kuhlala ezixekweni IAmsterdam. Inokuba kulapha apho amatye axabisekileyo anokuqala khona ukwakha ikota yamaJuda ethe yaba yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo esixekweni semisele. Nangona kunjalo, akukho namnye kubo obonakalise imbonakalo yendoda egama lingu UAdolf Hitler owayenamajoni amaNazi ayezakuthatha isixeko ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-40.
La frank usapho, eyenziwe ngu-Otto Frank, umfazi wakhe u-Edith Hollander kunye neentombi zabo uMargot no-Ana, bagqiba kwelokuba babaleke eJamani bayohlala eAmsterdam, apho bazinikezela kurhwebo lweziqholo. Imeko ebonakalayo enqabileyo eyanqunyulwa xa amaNazi ahlasela isixeko saseDatshi.
Ngaphambi kokuba kuhlwe kakhulu, usapho lwazimela "kwisiHlomelo esiFihlakeleyo," ulwandiso oluyimfihlo lendawo yokugcina izinto Isiteshi sePrinsengrach emi kwintshona yeAmsterdam. Babedityaniswa ngabanye abantu abane: UFritz Pfeffer, umhlobo wamazinyo ongumYuda ka-Otto, kunye ne-van Pels yosapho lukaHermann no-Auguste van Pels nonyana wabo uPeter. Ukuqeqeshwa kwaqala ngoJulayi 9, 1942.
Kungekudala ngaphambi kwalo mhla, kwaye ungqamana nomhla wokuzalwa kuka-Ana we-13, abazali bakhe bamnika idayari eyaba yindawo engcwele yokwenyani yomfazi omncinci ngexesha leminyaka efihliweyo. Amanye amaphepha awabhala kuwo kungekuphela ngendalo yentombazana eneminyaka yakhe, kodwa malunga noxinzelelo kunye neengxabano zehlabathi awayeqala ukuziqonda.
Emva kokufunyanwa ngamaNazi ngo-Agasti 4, 1944, usapho lwahlulwa lwaza lwasiwa kwiinkampu zoxinaniso ezahlukeneyo. U-Anne kunye nodadewabo uMargot basweleke nge-typhus ngo-Matshi 1045 kwinkampu yase-Bergen-Belsen, Ukuba ngutata wakhe uOtto kuphela osindileyo kweli phupha lasebusuku. Emva kokubuyela eAmsterdam, abantu ababephethe ukukhusela indawo yakhe ngeenyanga zakhe "endlwini efihlakeleyo", bamnika amaxwebhu kunye nedayari yentombi yakhe.
Kwi 1947, Idayari ka-Anne Frank yapapashwa kwaye yaba yimpumelelo kwaye, ngokudidayo, kukuboniswa okungcono kwinto eyayisesona siqendu simnyama sobuntu. Ukuthandwa kwale ncwadi kwakutsala umdla wabafundi kunye nabahlali abaqala ukusondela kwindlu apho yonke into yenzeke khona, neyayiza kudilizwa ngeminyaka yoo-50.
Ngethamsanqa, iAnn Frank House Museum yavulwa nge-3 kaMeyi 1960, kwangoko yaba yenye yezo iindawo zokundwendwela Ngethuba lokuhlala kwisixeko saseAmsterdam.
Ukuphonononga i-Anne Frank House
Ifumaneka kwi-263-267 Prinsengracht, i-Anne Frank House Museum inesakhiwo esikhulu apho u-Otto Frank wayeneshishini lakhe kunye nendlu yesihlomelo kamva xa ithelekiswa nomyuziyam. Indlu yokuqala ibandakanya umgangatho womhlaba apho indawo yoku-odola ibikhona kwaye ngasemva kwendawo apho iziqholo beziphantsi, ngelixa ii-ofisi zabasebenzi baka-Otto zifakwe kumgangatho wokuqala, owahambisa ishishini lakhe kule dilesi Ngo-1940.
Yaziwa njenge Achterhuis (okanye isiHlomelo esiFihlakeleyo), lulwandiso lwesakhiwo esingqongwe zizindlu ezingabamelwane ezazivumela ukufihla indawo ezikuyo, zisenza indawo efanelekileyo yokusabela kusapho.
Ngalo lonke utyelelo, ngakumbi emva kokudlula ibhokisi enkulu enkulu, efana nomnyango, yayifihla ukufikelela "endlwini efihlakeleyo" iqala ukhenketho lweendawo ezikhuthaza umnqweno kunye nemfesane. Ukutyelela indlu kubandakanya isikhokelo sasimahla sesandi, iqabane elibalulekileyo xa kuziwa ekuqondeni imbali yamaFranks okanye indlela abakhulelwe ngayo indawo ekufuneka babelane ngayo ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini.
Ngale ndlela, sinokufikelela kwigumbi lokuhlambela ekwabelwana ngalo eliqala ukuntywiliselwa endlwini, kwigumbi elineendonga uAna eshicilele izitikha ezahlukeneyo zezithixo zakhe, okanye iifestile apho usapho lwalubeke khona amalaphu amakhulu ukufihla isikhundla sakho. . Ecaleni kwegumbi lika-Ana lelinye losapho lwakhe, ngelixa umgangatho ongaphezulu unamagumbi okulala i-van Pel kwaye, kungekudala emva koko, unokufikelela kwigumbi eliphezulu, kwinxalenye ephezulu.
Ukutyelela kwi-Anne Frank House amakhonkco kwimyuziyam yesihlomelo apho kuthotho loshicilelo, iaudio, iividiyo kunye namaxwebhu bahlangula izicatshulwa kusapho, ngakumbi u-Otto Frank emva kokubuyela kwakhe eAmsterdam. Amagama athabathekisayo athi, ubuncinci kwimeko yam, abumba isigaxa emqaleni wam, kuba ngaphezulu kwako konke, amava okundwendwela indlu afumana kwicandelo lokugqibela esona sizathu sokubonwa kwezinto ezoyikekayo abahlali bazo ababephantsi kwazo. Imyuziyam ikwanayo nendawo yokutyela kunye nevenkile apho unokufumana khona izikhumbuzo okanye ikopi yephephandaba.
Ngenxa yokungena kwe-Anne Frank House, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufike ngokukhawuleza ekungeneni okanye ugcine amatikiti kwangaphambi kwakho iphepha lewebhu.
I-Museum yase-Anne Frank House ivuliwe yonke imihla ukususela ngo-9: 00 ukuya ku-23: 00 ntambama
Ukuphonononga enye yeendawo ezintle zaseAmsterdam kuthetha ukuyenza kwesinye seziganeko ezinegazi kwimbali. Ukuhamba ebomini kunye nomsebenzi wentombazana ekhulelwe emhlabeni kungabandakanyi iintlungu kunye nokubandezeleka apho amawaka amaJuda aphantsi kwembali, kodwa ngakumbi ngekhulu lama-XNUMX.
Ngaba ungathanda ukutyelela i-Anne Frank House?