Zeziphi iilwimi ezithethwa eYiputa?

Ukuba ukhe wacinga ngokuya kwilizwe leephiramidi, unomdla wokwazi ukuba zeziphi iilwimi ezithethwa eYiputa. Njengoko kusenzeka naphi na emhlabeni, unokuzikhusela nge isiNgesi okanye isiFrentshi, kodwa, ukuba uyazazi iilwimi zomthonyama, kungcono kakhulu ukukuqonda apho.

Impembelelo yobukoloniyali kwindawo yesiNgesi nesiFrentshi yenze ukuba iilwimi zazo zibe nokusasazeka okuninzi e-Egypt. Siyakukhumbuza ukuba Napoleon Wayoyisa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, nangona ulawulo lweGallic lwaluthatha iminyaka embalwa. Kodwa i-Bhritane yayiqhubeka ixesha elide phantsi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo ezinje nge khuselaIqale ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-1936 yade yaqhubeka de kwangowe-XNUMX. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambili ilizwe loofaro lalikhe lahlala ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamawaka amathathu embali kwaye kulo sifumana impendulo ukuba zeziphi iilwimi ezithethwa e-Egypt namhlanje.

UmArabhu

Ulwimi lwesiArabhu lwangena eYiputa malunga ne-XNUMXth century AD. Kude kube lelo xesha, kula mazwe ikopi, ezazisuka kwiilwimi zamandulo zexesha lika ooFaro. Kodwa, njengazo zonke iilwimi, isiArabhu sinenani elikhulu le Iilwimi ezahlukeneyo kwanemimiselo. Kwaye, ukongeza, iguqukile kakhulu okoko yafika kwilizwe leephiramidi. Kwimeko yoku, ngokusisiseko sahlula iindlela ezintathu.

Masri, impendulo yokuqala kweziphi iilwimi ezithethwa eYiputa

Ithathwe kwi-Arabhu yokuqala eyangena e-Egypt, masri okanye ama-egibhithe ama-arabic idibanisa loo mpembelelo yeCoptic. Yaphuhliswa kwifayile ye- nile delta nakwindawo okuyo namhlanje Cairo.

Igrama yayo yinto elula yokwenza yamandulo yamaArabhu. Ke, ezinye iintlobo ezimbini zezibizo kunye nezenzi ziye zatshintshwa ngamanani azo. Mhlawumbi kufuneka sicacise ukuba ombaxa Ngamafutshane, yindlela yokubonisa isininzi. Ukuze ungandisi kakhulu, siza kukunika umzekelo. Endaweni yokuthetha iimoto ezimbini, esi sibizo sisetyenziswa kwisinye sikhatshwa sisiphelo esithile esahlukileyo kwisininzi. Ngokunjalo, ezibizwa ngokuba zizikhamiso zemanyano ziyanyamalala.

Ngokubhekisele kwizandi, i-Arabhu yesi-Arabhu okanye iMasri zinezikhamiso ezihlanu ezibizwa ngokwahlukileyo kwezo zodidi lwakudala. Kodwa, ngamafutshane, zonke ezi zizinto zobugcisa ezingolwimi ezingabalulekanga. Iya kuba ngumdla ngakumbi kuwe ukwazi ukuba i-Arabhu yase-Egypt yiyo ulwimi olusemthethweni lwelizwe kwanalowo uthethwe nguYehova uninzi lwabemi bayo. Ngaphandle kwempembelelo yothotho lukamabonwakude oluveliswe e-Egypt, oluphumeleleyo kwilizwe lase-Arab lasempuma, ulwimi lwaseMasri luyaqondakala onke amazwe amngqongileyo.

Saidi isiArabhu

Oku kwahluka kwe-Arabhu yakudala kuthethwa uninzi lwama-Egypt ukusuka kwimimandla esemaphandleni. Ibandakanya indawo ehamba ukusuka eCairo phantse ukuya kumda nge Sudan. Ngaphandle kwezi ndawo, ayamkelekanga ngaphandle kwabafuduki abavela kwiindawo ekuthiwa bahlala emantla elizwe.

I-arab bedawi

Eyona nto incinci nangakumbi koku kwahluka kolwimi lwesiArabhu njengoko kuthethwa kuphela ngamakhulu amathathu amawaka ama-Egypt. Ngokukodwa, liqaqobana lamaBedouin ahlala ikakhulu kwi Usingasiqithi weSinayi. Nangona kunjalo, njengolwimi oluqhelekileyo lwaba bantu bahambahamba, kuyathethwa nakwiindawo Jordan, ESiriya, la IGaza Strip nkqu nakwi Sirayeli .

Iilwimi zaseNubian

Kulo intlambo ephezulu yele nile kukho elinye iqaqobana elinabemi abamalunga namakhulu amathathu amawaka abagcina iilwimi zaseNubian. Phakathi koluhlu lwazo, ezimbini ezigcinwe kuloo ndawo zezi noblin kunye kenzi dongolawi. Ayizothusa into yokuba ukuhlala kwabo kwi-Upper Nile kungenxa yamakhoboka aseNubian awayesebenza kubukhosi base-Egypt yamandulo.

Ibhayi

Olu lwimi lunemvelaphi eyahlukileyo ethethiweyo kwi unxweme lolwandle olubomvu kunye Intlango yaseMpuma kuba wazalelwa kwakule ndawo inye. Namhlanje yindlela yokunxibelelana phantse namawaka asibhozo amawaka ama-Egypt.

UDomarí, olona lwimi lubalulekileyo kwiilwimi ezithethwa eYiputa

Xa siphendula ukuba zeziphi iilwimi ezithethwa e-Egypt, kufuneka sichaze le nto inomdla yokwazi iilwimi. Yi ukwahluka kwesiRomany isetyenziswe ngabantu be-gypsy kwaye igcinwe kwiindawo ze Luxor y Cairo. Kuthethwa malunga namakhulu amathathu amawaka abantu, bonke bephela bangabakaYehova uhlanga Dom, Evela ngqo eIndiya. Njengoko usenokuba uqikelele, i-domarí inemvelaphi yayo kwifayile ye isiSanskrit.

IsiFrentshi nesiNgesi

Njengoko besikuxelele, uninzi lwabantu ababonisiweyo base-Egypt banolwazi lwesiNgesi nesiFrentshi. Kwaye oku ikakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezibini. Eyokuqala yile ifundwa kumaziko emfundo. Kwaye eyesibini inento yokwenza naye turismo. AmaYiputa amaninzi ahlala kuyo aqondana ngezi lwimi kunye neendwendwe zeli lizwe.

Ezinye iilwimi zithethwa eYiputa

Sikuxelele malunga neelwimi eziphambili ezazithethwa e-Egypt, uninzi kunye nezo zithethwa ligcuntswana. Nangona kunjalo, kwilizwe leephiramidi kukho ezinye iilwimi ezingaphantsi kakhulu. Yimeko ye IsiGrike, ezithetha malunga namawaka angamashumi amathandathu abemi baseAlexandria. Kungoku kanye kwesi sixeko ukuba kukho imbinana ye Izithethi zaseNtaliyane, njengoba Cairo. Okokugqibela, kwikomkhulu lase-Egypt kukho iqela labemi abasebenzisa i Armenian ukunxibelelana

Okokugqibela, njengomnqweno kodwa unomdla wokwazi ukuba uza kuthabatha njani ukuya eYiphutha, siza kukunika ulwazi. Phakathi kwabangaphezu kwamawaka amane abakhokeli babatyeleli ababhalisiweyo e-Egypt, kukho malunga namakhulu amathathu anamashumi amahlanu ayithethi kuphela isiCastilian, kodwa bathetha iSpanish. Oko kukuthi, ukusuka kumazwe athetha ulwimi lwethu.

Ukuqukumbela, ukuba ubufuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iilwimi ezithethwa eYiputa, sicacisile ukuba zeziphi ezona zibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayisiyongxaki onokuthi ukhathazeke ngayo ukuba uceba ukutyelela umhlaba woofaro. Ingeniso yabo enkulu kukhenketho kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ngamaYiputa bazikhusela ngokugqibeleleyo kwiilwimi ezininzi kubandakanya, njengoko besitshilo, iSpanish.