Ngasentla nje komda phakathi kwe-Egypt ne-Sudan yi Idama laseAswan. Lidama elikhulu lamanzi elaphula umlambo omde kunayo yonke emhlabeni, umlambo iNayile.Idama, elaziwa njengeSaad el Aali ngesiArabhu, lagqitywa ngo-1970 emva kweminyaka elishumi yokusebenza.
I-Egypt ihlala ixhomekeke kumanzi oMlambo umNayile.Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zoMlambo iNayile yi-White Nile neBlue Nile.
Imithombo ye-Sobat White Nile yi-Bahr al-Jabal ("Intaba yeNayile") kwaye iBlue Nile iqala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zase-Ethiopia. Le milambo mibini idibana eKhartoum, ikomkhulu laseSudan, apho babumba khona uMlambo umNayile.UMlambo umNayile ubude beekhilomitha ezingama-4.160 (6695 km) ukusuka emthonjeni ukuya elwandle.
Izikhukula zomNayile
Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwedama e-Aswan, i-Egypt yafumana izikhukula zonyaka ezivela kuMlambo iNayile ezabeka iitoni ezizizigidi ezine zentlenga etyebileyo yezondlo eyenza imveliso yezolimo.
Le nkqubo yaqala kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo phambi kokuba impucuko yase-Yiphutha iqale kwi-Nile River Valley, kwaye yaqhubeka de kwakhiwa idama lokuqala lika-Aswan ngo-1889. Eli dama lalingonelanga ukugcina amanzi omNayile kwaye emva koko lamiswa ngo-1912 nango-1933. Ngo-1946 , ingozi yokwenene yatyhilwa xa amanzi echibini afikelela encotsheni yedama.
Ngo-1952, urhulumente wethutyana weBhunga loHlaziyo lase-Egypt wagqiba kwelokuba akhe i-Aswan Dam, malunga neekhilomitha ezintandathu ukunyuka kwedama elidala. Ngo-1954, i-Egypt yafaka isicelo semali-mboleko kwiBhanki yeHlabathi yokunceda ukuhlawulela iindleko zedama (elathi ekugqibeleni longezwa laya kuthi xhaxhe kwiibhiliyoni zeerandi).
Ekuqaleni, i-United States yavuma ukuboleka imali i-Egypt, kodwa emva koko yasirhoxisa isithembiso sayo ngezizathu ezingaziwayo ezinokubangelwa kukungqubana phakathi kuka-Israyeli ne-Egypt. I-United Kingdom, i-France kunye no-Israyeli bahlasela i-Yiphutha ngo-1956, kwakamsinya nje emva kokuba i-Egypt yenze i-Suez Canal ukuba ihlawulele idama.