INorway, enabemi abazizigidi ezi-4,6 kumantla eYurophu, namhlanje lelinye lawona mazwe atyebileyo emhlabeni. Inkqubo ye- Uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho eNorway ibonakaliswa kokubini kwi-GDP ngomntu ngamnye nakwimali yentlalo. Ngapha koko, iNorway ivele rhoqo phezulu kwi-United Nations Human Development Index.
Uyichaza njani le mpumelelo? Isitshixo silele koovimba abakhulu be- zendalo ilizwe elinalo. Kodwa oko akwanele. Ubukho be abasebenzi abanezakhono kunye nomzamo wokuziqhelanisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha.
La Imbali yezoqoqosho eNorway Inokuhlelwa ngezigaba ezibini eziphambili: ngaphambi nasemva kokuzimela kwelizwe kwi-1814.
Phambi kwenkululeko
Uqoqosho lwaseNorway lwalusekwe ngokwembali kwimveliso ye uluntu lwasekhaya lokulima kunye neminye imisebenzi yokuncedisa efana ukuloba, ukuzingela kunye namahlathi. Urhwebo lwalugcinwa luphila zizithuthi zabarhwebi ezazisoloko zikhula.
Ukuloba kuyaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseNorway
Ngenxa yokwakheka komhlaba kunye neemeko zemozulu, uluntu emantla nasentshona lwaluxhomekeke ngakumbi ekulobeni nakurhwebo lwangaphandle kunoluntu olusemazantsi nasempuma, oluthembele ikakhulu kwezolimo. Ngeli xesha iziko eliphambili lezoqoqosho yayisisixeko sase bergen.
Uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho eNorway ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX
Nini, emva kweminyaka engama-417, iNorway yafumana Inkululeko yabo EDenmark ngo-1814, ngaphezulu kwe-90% yabemi (malunga nama-800.000 abantu) babehlala ezilalini. Ngowe-1816 IBhanki eNkulu yaseNorway kunye nemali yesizwe yaziswa: the umthengisi.
Uphuhliso lokwenyani lwezoqoqosho eNorway lwaqala ukuthatha amanyathelo alo okuphela kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Enkosi kuthunyelo lwe isinyithi, amalahle, iinkuni kunye nentlanzi, ilizwe lafumana ukunyuka okukhulu kwezorhwebo, lidlula ilizwe laseSweden elingummelwane. Kwelinye icala, ukwaziswa kweendlela ezintsha zokulima kwandise imveliso yezolimo kwaye kwathandwa nophuhliso lwemfuyo.
Kwangelo xesha, iNorway yaba ligunya kwicandelo le Ukuthuthwa kolwandle. Iinqanawa zayo zazimele iipesenti ezingekho ngaphantsi kwe-7% kwihlabathi liphela ngo-1875. Inkqubo yeli lizwe yoshishino yenzeka kumaza aliqela.
Intlekele kunye nokukhula
La IMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala ibiyinkqubela phambili kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho eNorway. Ilizwe lihlawule iziphumo zokuxhomekeka kakhulu kwezoqoqosho e-United Kingdom, emva koko liqabane lalo eliphambili kwezorhwebo. Ukunqongophala kwamathuba kwilizwe labo, abantu abaninzi baseNorway bafudukela eMelika kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
Ukuhlala kwelizwe laseJamani ngeminyaka yoo-40 kwamisa iinzame zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo.
Inkqubela phambili yezoqoqosho eNorway isekwe kwioyile
Emva kwemfazwe, iNorway ijongene nomceli mngeni yayikukuphinda yakhe uqoqosho. Kungelo xesha apho ilizwe laseNorway lamkela iresiphi yedemokhrasi yentlalontle, eyaba yimpumelelo ngenxa yokufunyanwa kweedipozithi ezinkulu ze ioyile kunye nerhasi kuLwandle lwaseMantla.
Los Iminyaka yegolide yoqoqosho lwaseNorway zezi ziqala ukusukela ngo-1950 ukuya ku-1973. Ngeli xesha i-GDP inyuke ngokumangalisayo, urhwebo lwangaphandle lwakhawulezisa, intswela ngqesho yanyamalala kwaye nexabiso lentengo lahlala lizinzile.
Uqoqosho lwehlabathi lwashukunyiswa ngo-1973 yile nto ibizwa ngokuba "ingxaki yeoyile". Ngokusengqiqweni, njengelizwe labavelisi, iNorway yachaphazeleka kakhulu. Imfundiso yedemokhrasi yentlalontle kuye kwafuneka iguqulwe ngezisombululo zenkululeko, ngenqanaba eliphezulu lenzala kunye nokwehla kwemali.
Ubunzima bezezimali bexesha lama-XNUMX kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX bachaphazela iinkampani ezininzi zaseNorway, ngelixa urhulumente ethatha uninzi lweebhanki ezinkulu zorhwebo ukunqanda ukudodobala okupheleleyo kwezemali.
Uqoqosho lwaseNorway namhlanje
Namhlanje ilizwe linoqoqosho oluzinzileyo nolomeleleyo. Icandelo le-oyile lisabaluleke kakhulu. Kuyinyani ukuba ukuphathwa kakuhle kobutyebi bendalo beli lizwe kube negalelo eNorway kuba namhlanje yenye yezoqoqosho oluchumileyo emhlabeni.
INorway lilizwe lokuqala emhlabeni kwiSalathiso soPhuculo lwaBantu
Izinto ezenza umahluko phakathi kweNorway namanye amazwe avelisa i-oyile zezi zilandelayo: ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi, inkcubeko yokwamkelwa kwetekhnoloji ephezulu evela kwamanye amazwe akhokelayo, kunye namaziko ezopolitiko azinzileyo.
Into ebangela umdla kukuba, iNorway iye yenqaba kaninzi ukuba yinxalenye ye European Union. Ikwagcina imali yelizwe, i-krone yaseNorway. Nangona kunjalo, kuyathotyelwa Indawo yezoqoqosho yaseYurophu (EEA)
Namhlanje iNorway ilizwe lesithandathu emhlabeni kwaye okwesibini eYurophu kwi-GDP ngomntu ngamnye ngokwedatha evela kwiNgxowa-mali yeMali yeHlabathi (i-IMF). Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, ngokweengqikelelo zeNkqubo yoPhuhliso yeZizwe eziManyeneyo, INorway lilizwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukuya Isalathiso sophuhliso lomntu.