Izixeko ezikumazantsi ePeru

Iidolophu ezisemazantsi ePeru zibandakanya eyona intle yelizwe loMzantsi Merika, ngaphandle kwekomkhulu, Lima. Uwele i Iintaba zeAndesNjengalo lonke ilizwe, emazantsi enziwe ngamasebe e- Tacna, Moquegua, e Puno y Arequipa.

Yindawo apho i Tiahuanaco kunye neenkcubeko zeNazca. Imihla yokuqala ibuyela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX BC kwaye yasasazeka ngoku Chile, Bholiviya y EPeru, ngelixa lesibini lalilele mihla kuba laqala phakathi kwenkulungwane yokuqala neye-XNUMX emva kukaKristu. Kodwa ikwadume kakhulu, ikakhulu ngenxa yokungaqondakali kwayo yiyoko. Ngayiphi na imeko, iidolophu onokuzindwendwela emazantsi ePeru zidibanisa iimpembelelo zangaphambili kunye nekholoniyali kwaye zininzi yokwenza ngayo. Ukuba ufuna ukubazi, siyakumema ukuba uqhubeke nokufunda.

Izixeko ezisemazantsi ePeru: imbali kunye nemimangaliso yendalo

Ukutyelela iidolophu ezisemazantsi ePeru kufuneka kugubungele umhlophe Arequipa, Umhlaba wee-condors; e Puno, apho kuya kufuneka ulumke nge ukugula kwentaba okanye ukugula okuphezulu; cwaka Moquegua, kunye neecawe zayo nezindlu ezinophahla lwemojinete; Tacna, ephethe isihloko se "Ngobugorha" ngokuthatha kwakhe inxaxheba kwinkululeko yelizwe; Ilo, kunye neelwandle zayo ezintle, kunye nomda I-Desaguadero. Siza kubazi bonke.

IArequipa, isiXeko esimhlophe

IArequipa ifumana elo gama kuba uninzi lwezinto eziyenzileyo zenziwe nge-ashlar, into emhlophe. Kodwa, ii-anecdotes ecaleni, into ofuna ukuyazi ngaye kukuba unayo Enye yezona ndawo zodlamko lokwakha kulo lonke elaseMzantsi Melika.

Iziko layo eliyimbali Ilifa lehlabathi isixa esikhulu sezikhumbuzo esikuyo. Phantse bonke baphendula kwisitayile sobukoloniyali kunye neempembelelo zomthonyama ezaye zadalwa kwinto ebizwa njalo Isikolo saseArequipeña.

Iziko lemithambo-luvo ledolophu yakudala yi Isikwere esikhulu, apho ungabona umtsalane Icawa enkulu, Uhlobo lweNeo-Renaissance kwaye lwakhiwa ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe. Ngendlela efanayo, abahlobo baphendula Izibuko, apho ngexesha labo babehlala eCabildo, kunye Iicawa zeNkampani kunye neNkosikazi yethu yeNceba. Ungalibali isitya sayo sobhedu embindini esimele ukuthandwa UtututuNgubani, ngokutsho legend, yaba ikona yomkhosi Inca.

Kodwa indawo yezembali yeArequipa inokuninzi ngakumbi ukubonisa. Izakhiwo ezikhulu ezikulo ziqikelelwa kumakhulu amahlanu. Phakathi kwabahlali, ungabona izindlu ezinkulu zekoloniyali ezinje ngezo Iribheri, de UTristan del Pozo okanye Ibhotwe laseGoyeneche. Kwelinye icala, phakathi kwezenkolo, i i-basilica kunye ne-convent yaseSan Francisco, la Icawa yaseSanto Domingo kunye Ikhaya loonongendi kwakhona.

Ngokumalunga neyokugqibela, olunye lutyelelo olunyanzelekileyo kuba lwaluchazwa njengelona litye lesikhumbuzo lenkolo ePeru. Imalunga nayo I-monastery yaseSanta Catalina de Siena, endaweni yoko yayiyinqaba ephantse ibe ngamawaka amabini eemitha zesikwere kwaye ipeyintwe ngemibala eqaqambileyo. Ungaphoswa zii-cloisters zayo kunye neentsimbi zayo, konke ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, kunye nesibingelelo sayo esimangalisayo esenziwe ngomthi nangokwakhiwa.

Okokugqibela, ngaphambi kokuba sihambe edolophini silandela indlela yethu edlula kwizixeko ezisemazantsi ePeru, siyazivumela ukuba sikucebise ukuba uzame okumnandi IArequipa antojitos, yenye yeendlela zokupheka ezimnandi zeSixeko esimhlophe.

IPuno, kunxweme lweLake Titicaca

Esinye sezixeko ezikhulu ezisemazantsi ePeru USan Carlos wasePuno, ekwanayo neyayo Isikwere esikhulu. Kule nto ungandwendwela Icawa enkulu, I-Baroque yenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye kukho ichibi, kule meko linikezelwe UFrancisco Bolognesi, iqhawe leMfazwe yePacific ngokuchasene neChile.

Kuya kufuneka ubone kwiPuno Icawa yaseSan Juan Bautista, Egcina umfanekiso omhle weVirgen de la Candelaria; i Indlu kaCorregidor, la Indlu yeKholeji kaZwelonke ePhakamileyo yaseSan Carlos kunye Ibhalkhoni yeBalo leLemos, Lonke ulwakhiwo lwesitayile sobukoloniyali; i UDeusta waqubuda kunye ukugqabhuka kukaSimón Bolívar.

Kodwa ngaphezulu kwako konke, yiya kwi Induli yaseHuajsapataapho uza kubona ilitye lesikhumbuzo UManco Capac, uthathelwa ingqalelo njengomseki wobukumkani bamaInca, kwanoku Umbono we Kuntur Wasi, oko kuthetha ukuba indlu yekondomu kwaye ikunika umbono omangalisayo wesixeko kunye Ichibi laseTiticaca.

Malunga noku, izibuko lasePuno laba lelokuqala ukwakhiwa echibini kwaye ukusuka apho ukuhamba ngephenyane lekhefu okuya kukuvumela ukonwabela lo mmangaliso wendalo. Ngabo, ungatyelela iziqithi ezinje Utywala, amantani kwaye isinye iziqithana ezidadayo zemida, zenziwe ngecattails.

Okokugqibela, kwindawo engqonge isixeko, unayo enye indawo engummangaliso wendalo. Imalunga ne- Umaya echibini, ifumaneka phi sillustani, amangcwaba amandulo enkcubeko yama-Aymara UKolla, Iphuhliswe phakathi kwe-1200 kunye ne-1450 yexesha lethu.

IMoquegua kunye nezindlu zayo eziqhelekileyo

Olona phawu lubalaseleyo kwesi sixeko kumazantsi ePeru sesaso izindlu ezinophahla lwemojinete. Oko kukuthi, yenziwe ngeengcongolo kunye nodongwe, kodwa nge-gabled ye-gabled ye-degrees ezingamashumi amahlanu ukufumana ngcono ubushushu belanga.

Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba iMoquegua ayinazikhumbuzo. Ngokuchasene noko, inedolophu endala entle. Kule nto unokubona ifayile ye- Icawa enkulu yaseSanto Domingo, apho iSanta Fortunata ikhoyo; ezixabisekileyo Icawa yaseBhetelehem; Iiporticoes zamatye kunye neendawo zokuhlala zekoloniyali, phakathi kwenye yazo UFernandez waseCordoba, Enye ye Cabello, Enye ye Ii-Salas okanye Izindlu zeenyoka y yeeWindows ezilishumi.

Ungandwendwela Imyuziyam yeContisuyo, ebonisa iziqwenga ezininzi zeekeramiki, amalaphu kunye nezinye izinto ezivela kwifayile ye- Tiahuanaco, Chiribaya, Estuquiña kunye neenkcubeko zeInca. Kodwa enye yezinto ezinomdla eMoquegua yindawo ejikelezileyo. Kufutshane kukho idolophu yase Torata, kunye nezingqusho zayo ezindala ezisusela kumaxesha obukoloniyali kunye U-Chen Chen geoglyphs, ingaziwa kangako kuneyeNazca kodwa inomdla ngokulinganayo kunye neempawu zayo eziqaqambileyo.

I-Ilo, iilwandle zeedolophu ezisemazantsi ePeru

Kwakweli sebe laseMoquegua uya kufumana isixeko saseIng, esikunika ezinye ze Uninzi lwamabhishi amahle kumazantsi ePeru. Phakathi kwezi, ezo zeJaboncillo, Boca del Río, Pozo de Lizas okanye iWawakiki, zonke zihlanjwe luLwandlekazi lwePasifiki.

Kodwa u-Ilo ukunika ezinye iindawo ezinomdla. KwiPlaza de Armas yayo entle unayo Ingcwele yeSan Jerónimo, yakhiwa ngo-1871; isuka e UGlorieta José Gálvez uya kufumana umbono omangalisayo wonxweme, kunye UMalecón Iya kukuvumela ukuba uhambe ngokuzolileyo. Okokugqibela, ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngembali yale ndawo, e-El Algarrobal ungandwendwela Imyuziyam yaseChiribaya, ezinikezelwe kule nkcubeko yakudala.

ITacna, isixeko esisemazantsi emazantsi ePeru

I-Tacna sisixeko esikhulu sokugqibela emazantsi ePeru ngaphambi kokufika kumda we-Chile. Kwaye ikwabonelela ngelifa elinobutyebi obumangalisayo kunye neendawo ezinomdla kuzo. Malunga neyokuqala, ndwendwela I-Cathedral yoMama wethu weRosari, ulwakhiwo lwe-neoclassical olumangalisayo ukusuka kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba.

Phakathi kwezakhiwo zonqulo, kuya kufuneka ubone ifayile ye- I-Bab ul Islam yamaSilamsi, enye yezi zinto zimbini zikhona kuyo yonke iPeru kwaye iya kukumangalisa ngobuchule bayo obakhayo. Ngokubhekisele kubemi, sicebisa ukuba ubone ifayile ye- Izindlu zomthetho, nguFrancisco Antonio de Zela y IBasadre. Eyokugqibela, ibizwa njalo ngokuba yeyombhali-mbali uJorge Basadre, unemyuziyam encinci enikezelwe kuye.

Kodwa eyona intle kakhulu yeTacna ikwi KwiBolognesi Avenue. Ukuqala nge Icawe yomoya oyingcweleKuya kufuneka undwendwele Inqaku lomlindo, indawo exakekileyo yorhwebo, kunye Ukuhamba kwabantu kwiTacna, baphi Isikhumbuzo seHighes kunye Ipuli yokuhombisa. Okokugqibela, uya kufumana kule ndlela UMyuziyam weMbali yoMmandla, apho imizobo yokuthand 'izwe kwaye, ngaphezulu kwako konke, izinto zakudala zezenkcubeko iMuchica, iChancay okanye iChimú zibonisiwe.

Ukuba sithetha nawe malunga neemyuziyam, ungandwendwela Uloliwe kaZwelonke ngeefoto, izinto kunye neenqanawa zendlela yeTacna-Arica. Iyancediswa ngu Ipaki yelocomotive, apho lowo wakhokelela imikhosi yasePeruvia ngaphambili ngexesha leMfazwe yePacific.

Okokugqibela, malunga neshumi elinesihlanu leemayile ukusuka esixekweni, unodumo Miculla petroglyphs, ezinye zaziba kwinkulungwane ye-V yexesha lethu, nakwidolophu encinci yase Kushushu ungonwabela amanzi e-thermomedicinal.

IDesaguadero, umda neBolivia

Ihlala kwibhanki esempuma yomlambo okweli gama, esebenza njengomda wendalo phakathi kwePeru neBolivia. Okumangalisayo kukuba, kwelinye icala kunabantu abangenamagama belizwe lokugqibela elikhankanyiweyo.

Ngayiphi na imeko, sicaphula le dolophu incinci inabemi abangamawaka asibhozo ngaphezulu ngenxa yendawo yayo kunexabiso labakhenkethi. Kuyinyani ukuba inecawa entle, leyo kaSan Andrés, kodwa enye into encinci ekubonelela ukuba uyindwendwele. Nangona kunjalo, Umda we-riparian womlambo i-Desaguadero, Ezelwe kwi Ichibi laseTiticaca, ngexabiso lendalo.

Ukuququmbela, le yimimandla esemazantsi ePeru efanele ukutyelelwa. Kancinci emantla, unenye indawo enexabiso elikhulu kwi-ethnographic kunye ne-monumental value: isixeko sase Cuzco kunye Machu Picchu esele sikuxelele ngayo kwamanye amanqaku. Kodwa, ukubuyela kwiidolophu ezisemazantsi ePeru, kuzo uya kufumana i- Ilifa elihle kakhulu, iintsalela zeenkcubeko zamandulo kwaye iilwandle ezintle. Qhubeka utyelele le ndawo. Awuyi kuzisola.