Uyilo lwesiPhuthukezi: Uhlobo lweManueline

Uhlobo olwaziwayo njenge Isikhokelo isebenza kuphela ePortugal. Yayiphambili phakathi kwe-1490 kunye ne-1520, kwaye ihlala yenye yeendlela zobugcisa ezingalibalekiyo ukuvela kweli lizwe.

Ligama le UManuel I, eyathi yalawula ukususela ngo-1495 ukuya kowe-1521. Xa uDon Manuel I wayesungula esi sitayile, isimbo sikaManueline sasimangalisa ngendlela yanamhlanje, sisithuba esivela kude nobungqongqo bemizekelo yamaxesha aphakathi. Ekuqaleni behombise ii-portals, iibhalkhoni kunye nezinto zangaphakathi, ubukhulu becala beminyaka endaweni yokuhombisa izakhiwo ezitsha. Isitayela sibonakalise utshintsho ukusuka kwi-Gothic ukuya kwi-Renaissance ePortugal.

Amagqala athi uManueline, okwabizwa ngokuba yiAtlantic Gothic, evela elwandle, nangona abanye ababukeleyo bemihla yethu befumanisa ukuqaqanjelwa okufana nesimbo sikaSalvador Dalí. Konke malunga nobugcisa beManueline kukubhiyozela iifom zaselwandle.

Kule ndlela yemisebenzi, i-iconography yamaKristu idityaniswe neqokobhe, iintambo, amasebe eekorale, amakhaka e-heraldic, iisimboli zonqulo, kunye neendlela zentelekelelo ezidluliselwa ngamanzi, kunye nemixholo yesiArabhu.

Uninzi lwezikhumbuzo kwilizwe liphela-ngakumbi i Iindwendwe zeelos jeronimos Ukusuka eBelém, ngaphandle kweLisbon - kunikwa imizekelo yolu hlobo. Abanye bakwiAzores naseMadeira. Ngamanye amaxesha iManueline idityaniswa neepaneli zethayile ezaziwayo, njengakwindlu yeSintra National Palace. Isakhiwo sikaManueline ePortugal yayiliCawa likaYesu kwiklasikhi yaseSetúbal, emazantsi eLisbon. Iintsika ezinkulu kwindawo yangaphakathi ejikelezayo ziguquka ukuxhasa isilingi esine-flamboyant ribbed.

Nangona ngokuyintloko isitayile sokwakha, isitayile sikaManuelino sichaphazele ezinye iinkalo zobugcisa. Kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo, uManueline wayehombisa ngokubanzi. Abasebenzi eminyango, iifestile eziphakamileyo, iibalustrade kunye neelaphu, wanikela yonke into ukusuka kwindlebe yombona ukuya kudiza lwameva. Imizobo kaManuelino iyachaphazeleka, imibala eqaqambileyo yegem ibonisa imisebenzi ephenjelelwa sisitayile.

Umzobi owaziwa kakhulu nguManueline yayinguGrão Vasco (okwabizwa ngokuba nguVasco Fernandes). Imisebenzi yakhe edumileyo ibandakanya iiphaneli ezininzi, ngoku eziboniswe kwimyuziyam yaseGrão Vasco, ezazenzelwe iCathedral yaseViseu. Ezona ndawo zidumileyo zeepaneli yiCalvary kunye neSt.Peter, zombini ukusuka ngo-1530.

Elinye igcisa elikhokelayo yayinguJorge Alfonso, opeyintayo enkundleni ukususela ngo-1508 ukuya ku-1540 noyinzalelwane yaseBrazil. Wayeyinkokeli yesikolo ekuthiwa yiLisbon School of Painting. Akukho misebenzi ikhoyo ngokuqinisekileyo enokubangelwa kuye, nangona kunjalo.