Brasil Kwenzeka ukuba ibe lelona lizwe liluhlaza eMzantsi Merika, ilizwe elinendawo enkulu yendalo kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana ezingakholelekiyo. Nangona kunjalo, obu butyebi buninzi busemngciphekweni omkhulu, ngakumbi i Iintyatyambo zaseBrazil.
Uphononongo olwenziwe kwiminyaka ethile kwilizwe loMzantsi Merika laqikelela inani lezityalo ezisengozini kuma-2.118 XNUMX. Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela: Kwakhona, ngokutsho kwesazi ngebhayoloji esidumileyo UGustavo Martinelli, umququzeleli we Incwadi ebomvu yeFlora yaseBrazil (2013), ifayile ye- ukuphela kwezinga Iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo zikhawuleza kakhulu kunokuba bekucingwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.
UMartinelli ebesenza umsebenzi we-titanic kukhathalogu kunye nokuhlelwa ubutyebi bezityalo zaseBrazil. Imizamo yabo ikwajolise ekwaziseni uluntu kunye nabasemagunyeni ngokubaluleka kwencoko malunga nobutyebi.
Iindidi ezininzi zeentyatyambo zaseBrazil zibandakanyiwe Uluhlu oluBomvu loManyano lwaMazwe ngaMazwe loLondolozo lweNdalo (IUCN). Nangona kunjalo, ngokophando olutsha, olona luhlu lukhulu kakhulu.
Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba kumahlathi aseBrazil zisazifihlile iintlobo ezininzi ezingekafunyanwa. Ezi ntlobo zinokuba phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-20% yezityalo zokwenene zaseBrazil. Into enomdla kukuba, inqanaba lokuchongwa kweentlobo ezintsha licotha kakhulu kunelo lokuphela kwezinto ezaziwayo.
Las izizathu zokuphela kobuninzi zaziwa kakuhle. Banokushwankathela kathathu:
- Ukungena ngokungekho mthethweni ngeenjongo zezolimo.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi okunxulunyaniswa nokuhlaliswa kwabantu kwiindawo ezisezidolophini.
- Ukutsha kwamahlathi.
Izityalo ezisengozini eBrazil
Iintlobo ezisongelweyo zezityalo zaseBrazil zihlelwa njenge amaqela amane ngokwenqanaba lesoyikiso. Olu luhlu lwenziwe ngokusekwe kwiikhrayitheriya zokuhla kwenqanaba, ubungakanani babemi, indawo yokwabiwa kwejografi kunye nenqanaba lokuqhekeka kwabemi.
Olu luluhlu olufutshane lwezona ntlobo zemifuziselo zisongelwa kukutshabalala:
UAndrequicéI-Aulonemia effusa)
Kwakhona kwaziwa ngamanye amagama afana iankankoror, aveia zivaliwe o esamambaia indiana. Sisityalo esinembonakalo efana noqalo esikhule ngokwesiqhelo kwimimandla eselunxwemeni yaseBrazil. Namhlanje usengozini enkulu.
I-Brasilian (Syngonanthus qhagamshelana)
Enye yeentlobo ezisengozini yokuphela eBrazil yile inika eli lizwe igama lalo. Iinkuni zayo zazisetyenziswa ngabahlali basePhuthukezi ekwenzeni imibala eyahlukileyo kunye nokwenza izixhobo zomculo ezithile.
Amasebe eJacaranda avela eBaia
UJacaranda da Baia (UDalbergia nigra)
Umthi ongapheliyo weentyatyambo zaseBrazil ezinemithi exabiseke kakhulu. Ukungena ngokungakhethiyo kunciphise inani leesampulu phantse kubungakanani.
UMarmelinho (Brosimum glaziovii)
Isityalo se-Shrubby esivelisa amajikijolo aneempawu ezininzi zempilo. Esi sityalo, esosapho olunye nemithi yemibhaka, sengozini yokunyamalala eBrazil.
I-paininha ineentyatyambo zayo ezibomvu nebomvu. Uhlobo olusengozini.
Ubuhlungu (I-Trigonia bahiensis)
Tyala ngeentyatyambo ezintle ezibomvu nezityheli nobukho bazo kwimimandla eselunxwemeni bucutheke kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo.
IPalmito-juçara (Euterpe edulis)
Iintlobo ezincinci zesundu kunye nesiqu esibhityileyo esikhula kwezinye iindawo ezikumazantsi eli lizwe. Iindawo ezinkulu zesundu zamandulo zilinganiselwe namhlanje kubungqina bobungqina.
I-Pinheriro do Paraná okanye i-Araucária: ipayini "yaseBrazil" esengozini yokunyamalala.
Pinheiro ukwenza iParaná (IAraucaria angustifolia)
Iintlobo zemithi yosapho lwe Intsomi kuluhlu njengezityalo ezisengozini. Le pine yaseBrazil, ikwabizwa ngokuba umdla, inokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-35 ukuphakama. Ekuqaleni yandiswa ngohlobo lwabantu abaninzi abaneemithi ezisemazantsi elizwe. Ukubuyela umva kwayo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje kuye kwamangalisa.
I-Sangue de Dragâo (IHelosis cayennensis)
Umthi ovela kwingingqi yeAmazon osisi sayo sibomvu, esifana negazi, sisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso ezininzi zempilo kunye nobuhle.
Ndijonge kungekudala (ICamarea hirsuta)
Isityalo esidumileyo "somsonto omnyama", esasininzi kakhulu, saye sanyamalala kweli lizwe.
Inwele, isityalo esisengozini yokuphela
shaggy (IDuguetia glabriscula)
Tyala ngeentyatyambo ezipinki eyona nto iphambili kuso sisiqu sawo namagqabi "anoboya". Kwinkulungwane eyadlulayo yasasazwa phantse kulo lonke ilizwe, namhlanje isinda kwiindawo ezithile ezikhuselekileyo.
Gcina iintyatyambo zaseBrazil
Kufanelekile ukuthi amaphulo abalulekileyo ayenziwa ngenjongo yokugcina izityalo zaseBrazil. IBrazil isayine i Ingqungquthela yokwahluka kwezebhayiloji kunye neethagethi zeAichi (2011), ukuzibophelela kwamazwe aphesheya ekuthinteleni ukuphela kwezilwanyana ezisengozini.
Phakathi kwamanye amanyathelo amaninzi, urhulumente wobumbano wapapasha iminyaka embalwa edlulileyo a imimandla ephambili kwimephu, uninzi lwazo esele lufumene imeko ekhethekileyo yokhuseleko. Kwaye hayi ukugcina izityalo kuphela, kodwa nezilwanyana zeli lizwe.
Kuzo zonke ezi projekthi zolondolozo, te knoloji idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngombulelo kuyo, kunokwenzeka ukugcina imbewu yezityalo ezisongelwa ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo kwiindawo ezihlaziyiweyo.