UFrancisco de Paula Santander ithathwa njengelinye lamaqhawe abalulekileyo e Inkululeko yaseColombia. Wayengumongameli waseNew Granada phakathi kowe-1832 nowe-1837. Imbali yakhe namhlanje yaziwa ngokubanzi kwi Kholambiya, apho ukhunjuzwa njenge "Indoda yemithetho".
Ukongeza kubungcali kwezopolitiko nakwezomkhosi, awathi wafumana isidlaliso "Umququzeleli Woyiso", UFrancisco de Paula Santander wayekwangumkhuthazi wentuthuko ebalulekileyo kwezentlalo. Wayengumyili wenkqubo yokuqala yemfundo yoluntu eColombia.
Uzalelwe e-Villa del Rosario de Cúcuta ngo-Epreli 2, 1792 esifubeni sika-a Intsapho yaseCreole enesiko elide lomkhosi, UFrancisco de Paula Santander uchithe ubuntwana bakhe kumasimi ecocoa, ummoba kunye
Ngo-1805 wafudukela e USanta Fe de Bogota (iBogotá yangoku, ikomkhulu lelizwe), ukufunda iSayensi yezoPolitiko kunye nezoMthetho. Kwiminyaka eyi-18 wangena emkhosini ukuze azalisekise inkonzo yakhe yasemkhosini, kanye xa yaqala inkqubo yenkululeko yamathanga aseSpain eMelika.
Indima yakho kwinkululeko yaseColombia
UFrancisco de Paula Santander waye umxhasi onyanisekileyo wenkululeko Ukususela kumzuzu wokuqala. Wabhalisa njengevolontiya kwiButho lamaGosa aBantwana aBalindi beSizwe apho ngo-1812 wanyuselwa kwisikhundla sokuba ngukapteni.
Kwakunjalo Wonzakele kwaye wabanjwa njengombanjwa kwiDabi laseSan Victorino (Ngo-1813), ejongene namacandelo amabini enkampu yokuzimela, i-centralists kunye ne-federalists. Kungekudala emva koko, wakhululwa kwaye wathatha isikhundla sokuba ngu-Major ngokuyalela umkhosi we- USimon Bolivar.
Uthathe inxaxheba ekukhuseleni iNtlambo yaseCúcuta ngokuchasene nemikhosi yasebukhosini eyafika ivela eSpain. Emva koko walungiselela ukurhoxiswa kwemikhosi yakhe emva Ukoyiswa kukaCachirí ngoFebruwari 1816. Kwakuloo nyaka, ngo-Okthobha, wazibonakalisa kwi Imfazwe yase-El Yagual. Apho wakhokela ityala lobugorha eligqibe ukuphumelela kwicala lokuthand 'izwe.
UFrancisco de Paula Santander wayengomnye wabayili boyiso loyiso kwi-Battle of Boyacá (1819)
Ukuphindaphinda kwakhe emkhosini kwamenza wanyuselwa. Ukusebenza njengo-Brigadier General eneminyaka engama-27 kuphela ubudala, wakhokela umkhosi wakhe waya Uloyiso lukaBoyacá (1819), emva kwempumelelo eqinisekileyo ye- Iphulo lenkululeko yeGranada eNtsha. Ngenxa yezi nyani wanconywa ngabantu bexesha lakhe njengo «IHero leBoyacá».
ISantander vs. Bolívar
Emva kokuphumelela kukaBoyacá, uJosé de Paula Santander wayalela dubula umphathi-mkhosi waseSpain uJosé María Barreiro Kunye namagosa akhe angama-38. Esi senzo sasiyimvelaphi Ukujongana kwakhe kokuqala noSimón Bolívar, abaqwalasele oku kubulawa kungafuneki kwaye kuyingozi kwinkxaso yamazwe aphesheya kwezizathu zeLiberators. Isizathu soku yayiyimbambano yezopolitiko eyavela phakathi kweenkokheli ezimbini ngexesha lemfazwe yenkululeko kwaye eyakhula ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ngo-1819, inkululeko ye Great Colombia (ilizwe eliquka i-Colombia yanamhlanje, iVenezuela, iPanama ne-Ecuador), kwathiwa igama nguFrancisco de Paula Usekela-Mongameli welizwe laseCundinamarcaNgelixa uBolívar eqhubeka nokuba ngumongameli.
Imephu yeGran Colombia (1819-1831)
Ukungavumelani okutsha phakathi kweenkokheli ezimbini kwavela ngexesha lomkhankaso weBolívar emazantsi. Ngexesha loku, uSantander khange abonelele ngezixhobo kunye nemithombo yabasebenzi ebiceliwe. Impumelelo yeli phulo yangcwaba ukungavisisani okwethutyana.
Ngomnyaka we-1826 kwavela ingxaki entsha phakathi kwabalandeli bakaBolívar kunye nabachasi bakhe, abammangalela ngokusebenzisa amandla ngendlela yokugweba. Phakathi kwabachasi yayinguFrancisco de Paula Santander, othathe inxaxheba ekusileleni NgoSeptemba iyelenqe ukumngqula phantsi. USantander watyholwa ngokungcatsha urhulumente wagwetyelwa ukufa, nangona ekugqibeleni waxolelwa nguBolívar ngokwakhe.
UFrancisco de Paula Santander, uMongameli waseNueva Granada
Ngo-1830, emva kokupheliswa kweGran Colombia, uFrancisco José de Paula Santander wabuya ekuthinjweni eUnited States. Emva kokutyikitywa komgaqo-siseko wombuso IGranada entsha, intsholongwane yanamhlanje iColombia, ngo-Okthobha 7, 1832, wathatha isikhundla UMongameli weRiphabliki.
Kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe, phakathi kuka-1832 no-1837, uSantander wagxila ekuphuhliseni iziseko zelizwe elitsha. Kwintsimi ye qoqosho Ukukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwemveliso yezolimo kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokufuna ukufana kwemali kwilizwe. Ikwakhuthaze i ukudalwa kwezikolo zikarhulumente kunye neeyunivesithi.
Ityala leepesos ezingama-2.000
Ngaphantsi kwegunya lakhe, iNueva Granada (ikamva laseColombia) yaba lilizwe lokuqala laseSpain nelaseMelika ukufezekisa ukwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni kwi-Holy See.
Okwangoku, amaSebe eSantander naseNorte de Santander akhona ngokunika imbeko. Kwakhona, kwifayile ye- Ibhotwe lezoBulungisa laseBototá kukho umbhalo apho ungafunda elinye lamagama akhe amakhulu: «Colombians: Izixhobo zikunikile ukuzimela. Imithetho iza kukunika inkululeko ».
Ilizwe lonke ligcwele imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, izikhumbuzo kunye nezalathiso kuFrancisco de Paula Santander. Umzobo wakhe ubonakele kwimali engamaphepha eyi-1, 100, 500 kunye ne-1.000 yeepesos kwimbali.