Kwiminyaka emininzi ye-ornithologists kunye nabathandi bendalo abavela kwihlabathi liphela baye baya eMzantsi Melika ukujonga ubutyebi kunye nombala iintlobo ezininzi zeentaka kwihlathi elinemvula laseAmazon.
Olu ayisiyo uqeqesho lwasimahla: kwangoko nge-1970, i-ornithologist yaseSwitzerland naseMelika URodolphe Meyer weSchauensee uqinisekisiwe ngomsebenzi wakhe "Isikhokelo kwiintaka zaseMzantsi Melika" (Isikhokelo kwiintaka zase Mzantsi Melika) ukuba kwakungekho mmandla emhlabeni oneentlobo ezininzi zeentaka njengaseAmazon.
Kwaye nangona kunjalo, ukwenza ikhathalogu epheleleyo yazo zonke iintaka ezihlala kule nxalenye yomhlaba ngumsebenzi onzima. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kwingingqi iphela (ebandakanya uninzi lweBrazil, iVenezuela, iColombia, iPeru namanye amazwe), Inani elipheleleyo liya kuba malunga ne-1.300 yeentlobo. Kwezi, malunga nesiqingatha siyakuba njalo Indawo yokuhlala.
Ukuze kufikelelwe kwesi sigqibo, kuthathwe njengesiseko amanani-manani eentaka kwihlathi lemvula laseAmazon alawulwa yimibutho eyahlukeneyo. Ezinye zezi ntlobo zifumaneka kuphela kwiindawo ezithile zokuhlala zengingqi, ngelixa ezinye zisasazwa ngokungafaniyo kwiAmazon iphela.
Nantsi isampulu yeentaka ezimeleyo kwihlathi elinemvula laseAmazon:
Abaxhasi
Ummandla weAmazon ulikhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zeedaptors ezikhethekileyo emhlabeni. Okona kwaziwayo ngu Ukhozi lweharpy (IHarpia harpyja), okwangoku isongelwa ngokuphela. Nangona kunjalo, isenokufumaneka eColombia, e-Ecuador, eGuyana, eVenezuela, ePeru, eSuriname, eFrance eGuyana, kumazantsi mpuma eBrazil, nasemantla eArgentina.
Ukhozi lweharpy
Phantse iimitha ezimbini zamaphiko, kunjalo Olunye lwokhozi olukhulu emhlabeni. Umbala wayo ongwevu, omhlophe kunye nomnyama, kunye nolwakhiwo lwayo olwahlukileyo, lolona phawu lwalo lubalulekileyo.
Ezinye iintaka ezixhaphakileyo kulo mmandla zezi I-cryptic hawk (IMicrastur mintoriumbane isikhova esiqaqambileyo (IPulsatix perspicillata).
Iingcungcu kunye neentaka ezincinci
Elona qela likhulu leentaka kwihlathi elinemvula laseAmazon ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ziintaka ezincinci, ziyacula okanye aziculi. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezinye iintlobo ezimele kakhulu ezinje nge itopazi yengcungcu (Topaza ipela), kunye nomsila wayo omde kunye nokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Le ntaka intle inemibala eqaqambileyo kwaye isebenzisa umlomo wayo omhle ukufunxa umungu kwiintyatyambo. Isasazwa ngokubanzi kwingingqi yonke.
Itopazi yengcungcu
Zininzi iintaka ezincinci kwiAmazon, ikhathalogu enkulu. Ukukhankanya enye yezona zaziwayo, siza kuthi sikhankanye bomvu nuthatch (Dendrocolates picummus), Luhlobo lwesikhombi somthi. Ukukhankanywa okukhethekileyo kwintaka ephakathi, kodwa exotic kwaye ithandwayo: toucan (URamphastos wachukumisa), Iyaziwa kakhulu ngomlomo wayo omkhulu.
I-Gallinaceae kunye nee-mallards
Zininzi ezinye iintaka kwihlathi elinemvula laseAmazon eziza kusothusa. Iintlobo zosapho lwe-gallinaceae zinemilenze eyomeleleyo, imilomo emifutshane, kwaye ngokubanzi ayinakukwazi ukubhabha okanye inakho kuphela ukuhamba ngeenqwelomoya ezimfutshane kwiindawo eziphantsi.
ICamungo
Kolu didi lubalasele ikhamungo (anhima cornuta), intaka efana neTurkey ibonwa ngokulula yibhampa encinci ephume ngaphezulu komlomo wayo.
Kwingingqi enemilambo emininzi, imijelo kunye namachibi njengeAmazon, kusengqiqweni ukufumana iintaka ezininzi zosapho amadadaOko kukuthi, amadada kunye nezinto ezinjalo. Inkqubo ye- Orinoco irhanisi okanye idada yegegeon Ziintlobo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokulibala hayi, Idada lasendle elinemibala eqaqambileyo.
Iiparrothi kunye neMacaws
Olu hlobo lwentaka alithandabuzeki ukuba lolokuqala oluza engqondweni xa sicinga ngezilwanyana zaseAmazon. Zininzi iintlobo ze-macaws, ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo. Inkqubo ye- iHyacinth Macaw (UAnodorhynchus Hyacinthinus), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-blue macaw, yeyona nto idume kakhulu. Inentsiba edlamkileyo, ubukhulu becala eblue, eneentsiba zegolide esilevini. Ngelishwa, luhlobo olusengozini yokutshatyalaliswa.
IHyacinth macaw
Olunye uhlobo olothusayo yile Iphiko eliluhlaza (IAra chloroptera), enokufumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zommandla weAmazon. Ezi zilwanyana zibonakaliswa ngamandla emilomo yazo, ubukrelekrele bazo kunye nokuphila kwazo ixesha elide, kuba zingaphila iminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu.
Iintaka Scavenger
Iintaka zeCarrion, ezondla kwintsalela yezinye izilwanyana ezifileyo. Unokulufumana olu hlobo lweentaka kwihlathi elinemvula laseAmazon. Phakathi kwazo, kukho enye ebonakalayo ngaphezulu kwezinye: the ikumkani ixhalanga (ISarcoramphus utata). Ayisiyiyo isilwanyana esithandekayo ngakumbi ngenxa yamabala anemibala kunye nokuphuma okonakalisa ubuso bayo.
UKumkani wamaxhalanga
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka iqatshelwe into yokuba, njengesihlobo sayo seAndean IkhondorUnomoya othile wobukhosi owenza ukuba ubenomtsalane ngakumbi. Kuxhomekeka kwindawo ehlala iAmazon, le ntaka ifumana amagama ahlukeneyo, anje nge ikhondomu yehlathi o kumkani zamuro.