"Ukuwolana ngobuzalwana ngokobuhlanga nenkcubeko." Ngalesi siqubulo siqinisekileyo saqala uhambo lwayo ngo-1987 Umnyhadala wenyanga eluhlaza, i Umnyhadala wenyanga eluhlaza ukuba ukusukela ngoko bekubhiyozelwa minyaka le kwi Isiqithi saseSan Andres, Ngokupheleleyo ICaribbean yaseColombia.
Lo mnyhadala ujonge ukugcina nokunika imbeko ku Ilifa lenkcubeko lase-Afro-Caribbean ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa. Kwaye nangona umculo yeyona nto iphambili kwaye ingenakuphikwa, ezinye izinto ezinje nge-gastronomy, inkolo, i-cinema okanye ezemidlalo azishiywanga ngaphandle.
Abantu baseRaizal
Ngaphakathi enkulu iyantlukwano kwinkcubeko yaseColombiaKukho abantu abangama-Anglophone abaneengcambu zeAfro-Caribbean abahlala kwindawo ethile: iArchipelago yaseSan Andrés, iProvidencia kunye neSanta Catalina, emi ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-750 kumantla oNxweme lweAtlantic yaseColombia. Yilali Uqhaqho.
Kwintsimi yesiqithi esiziikhilomitha ezingama-52, kukho malunga nama-78.000 yabemi, abamalunga nama-30.000 abangamalungu ohlanga lweRaizal.
Isiqithi saseSan Andrés yindawo ebonakalayo yabakhenkethi kwiCaribbean yaseColombia
IRaizales ayinaso iSpanish njengolwimi lwabo lweenkobe, kodwa ulwimi lwesiCreole olunengcambu zesiNgesi ezaziwa njenge IsiCreole sanandresano. Le khonkco, isiCreole, Ngoyena udibanisa iRaizales nabanye abantu abathetha isiNgesi eCaribbean abantu baseAfro-American. Ukusukela ngo-1987, bonke baye bahlangana kunye minyaka le kwi-Green Moon Festival ukubhiyozela obu buntu buqhelekileyo.
Imbali yoMnyhadala wenyanga eluhlaza
Umbungu we Umnyhadala wenyanga eluhlaza njengoko sisazi namhlanje sisiganeko sangaphambili esabizwa Ulwimi olufanelekileyo (Ulwimi olulungileyo), olwaqala ukuququzelelwa eSan Andrés ngeminyaka yoo-80 ukukhuthaza inkcubeko kunye nolwimi lwesiCreole kulutsha lwesiqithi.
Uluvo lomnyhadala omkhulu kunye nobizo lwamanye amazwe luye lwagqitywa ngoMeyi 21, 1987, ngenxa yemizamo yeqela labaphathi bezenkcubeko ababenenkxaso kasodolophu welo xesha. USimon Gonzalez Restrepo. Uhlelo lokuqala loMnyhadala weNyanga eGreen wawunomboniso othobekileyo, nangona ifuthe lawo lalilikhulu.
Ngenxa yoko, iintlelo ezalandelayo zaba nabathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi ngakumbi. Eli chwebakazi lincinci lazaliswa ziindwendwe kwaye umsitho watsala umdla kumajelo eendaba amaninzi, athe anceda ekusasazeni iprojekthi eColombia nakwilizwe leCaribbean. Inkqubo ye- Isiseko seGreen Moon ukulawula umbutho wonke walo mnyhadala.
Phakathi konyaka we-1996 nowe-2011 uMnyhadala weNyanga eGreen wayeka ukuququzelelwa ngenxa yokunqongophala kweendlela, hayi abalandeli. Oku kubakaki bethutyana kuyangqinelana iminyaka iNicaragua kunye neColombia ezazinengxabano enkulu malunga nokuzimela kwalo mmandla. Impikiswano yasonjululwa yiNkundla yamaZwe ngamaZwe eHague e-2012 kwicala leColombia.
Ngethamsanqa, le projekthi yakwazi ukufunyanwa ngo-2012. Ukusukela ngoko, umnyhadala ububanjelwe ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa, uvuna impumelelo engakumbi.
Umculo nenkcubeko
Umnyhadala wonyaka weGreen Moon Festival ubandakanya imisebenzi emininzi yokufunda kunye nokuyila iququzelelwe ngombono wokukhuthaza abantwana kunye nolutsha ukuba bafunde malunga neengcambu zenkcubeko yaseAfro-American kunye nesiko labemi besiqithi saseSan Andrés, Providencia naseSanta Catalina. Kukwakho nendawo yoku ukhuphiswano lwezemidlalo o ubuntshatsheli beedomino, umdlalo othandwa kakhulu kwiiCaribbean. Le misebenzi ithatha iiyure zemini, ngelixa ubusuku bugcinelwe umculo.
Amaqela omculo avela kumazwe ahlukeneyo (amaqela asuka e-United Kingdom ahlala esiya khona kunye nabazobi abavela kumazwe ase-Afrika) bagcwalisa izikwere kunye neelwandle zesiqithi ngesingqi kunye nombala. Ubusuku beCaribbean buzaliswe ngamanzi reggae, dancehall, konpa Haiti, zouk, soca, calypso, salsa kunye meringue, kunye nesingqi saseCuba nesiAfrika.
Kule nto i vidiyo Ibonakalisa kakuhle ukuba uMnyhadala wenyanga yeGreen uhlala kwaye uphuhliswa njani. Ngeli xesha lonyaka isiqithi saseSan Andrés siba likomkhulu leCaribbean kunye nomculo wase-Afrika-waseMelika:
Phakathi kwamagcisa adumileyo athe adlula kulo mnyhadala, kufanelekile ukuqaqambisa abantu baseJamaica Isangqa sangaphakathi kunye nePanamani Iibhola zeRuben, phakathi kwezinye ezininzi.
Ngaphandle kweekonsathi kunye namaqela, ukusukela ngo-2018 umsitho ofanayo ubiziwe Umva weBakala leCaribbean elizayo. Ngokwenyani le yinkqubo edibanisa iimvumi ezincinci kunye nabafundi abasuka eJamaica, eCuba, eSan Andrés nakwezinye iindawo kwiCaribbean. Bonke banikwa ithuba lokufumana uqeqesho oluqhubekayo kwimveliso yobugcisa kunye nenkcubeko.
Ukuqukumbela, kufanelekile ukuthi, nangona ingumcimbi obekelwe inkcubeko isiCreole, i Umnyhadala wenyanga eluhlaza ivulelekile kuye wonke umntu. Ngapha koko, ifumana iindwendwe zazo zonke iintlanga kwaye zivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu.
kutheni yenziwe