Matryoshka, unodoli waseRussia

Kukho izinto ezithile ezivela kumazwe athile ezaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela. ISushi yiJapan, izikethi zekirt ziseScotland kwaye ke singenza uluhlu olude. Ayinamsebenzi ukuba siyalazi eli lizwe kancinci okanye okuninzi, oko kuye kwachonga.

Kwimeko yeRussia, ndingathi kukho izinto ezimbini ezithi ngokuqinisekileyo zibelaseRussia: ivodka kunye idodoli imatriki. Oonodoli abahle abalingana ngaphakathi ntonye kunye nemisebenzi Russian.

Matryoshka, ibali

Nangona umntu enokucinga ngokufanelekileyo ukuba oonodoli abancinci bayinto endala kakhulu, akunjalo. Yinto equlunqwayo yanamhlanje okanye "yanamhlanje" ngokwenyani yegama ukusukela ukuvela okokuqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.

Emva koko yayisebenza en UAbramtsevo, EMoscow, iworkshop yemfundo yabantwana ukuba wayeseke usomashishini osisityebi othanda ubugcisa, uSava Mamontov. Lawo yayingamaxesha angalawulekiyo hayi eRashiya kuphela kodwa nasehlabathini.

Cinga nje ukuba indala kangakanani iYurophu eyayizibumba ngokutsha kwezopolitiko nakwezoqoqosho, kunye neziphumo zayo zotshintsho eluntwini, kwaye nangona iRussia yayisemva ngasemva kuloo nkqubo, imimoya yenguqu yayivuthuza nalapha.

Kwicandelo lobugcisa, a entsha Uhlobo lobugcisa baseRussia kwaye bekukho amagcisa amaninzi abizwe ngulo somashishini ukuba athathe inxaxheba koomasifundisane bakhe. Ngokwibali elisemthethweni Ngenye imini umntu othile weza nomfanekiso waseJapan, UFukurumaNgokuchanekileyo inani elinezinye ezincinci ngaphakathi, njengekamva laseRussia matrioksa.

Iingcibi zaseRussia zakhawuleza zayifumana le ngcinga kwaye baqala ukusebenza kumanani omthi akumilo wama-apile, amaqanda e-Ista, kunye nabafazi. Omnye wabo uye wafowuna Sergei Maliutin Ndagqiba kwelokuba ndisebenze kunye nomlingiswa waseJapan ukwenza into enkulu kakhulu eRashiya.

Yilelwe yona kwaye wacela uncedo kumkhandi weenkuni ogama lingu Zveudochin ngubani ekugqibeleni owayengumdali wedoli yokuqala nabanye ngaphakathi emthini. UMaliutin wanika ubomi kusapho lwabalimi baseRussia ke abo babengabokuqala "oonodoli baseRussia": umama onabantwana abasixhenxe ngoko ke babekhona oonodoli abasibhozo xa bebonke.

Ukuba ngenye imini uya eRussia kwaye uyabuthanda obu bugcisa, ungathatha ukhenketho lweMyuziyam yeeToyisi kwaye ubone iseti yokuqala yematriki kunye nabanye abaninzi abayinxalenye yesahluko sokuqala kwimbali yeRashiya edumileyo ubugcisa.

Inyani yile yokuba lo msebenzi wobugcisa utshintshile kancinane ukusukela nge-1890. I-Birch kunye ne-lime wood zihlala zisetyenziswa esikwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, amaxolo ayasuswa, awashiye kwezinye iindawo ukuthintela ukuba angomi aze aphule. Imicu emide iyasikwa kwaye ibekwe kwiimfumba ezahlukileyo ukuze umoya ujikeleze.

Ezi mfumba zihlala zibekwe ngaphandle iminyaka eliqelaEwe uyifunde ngokuchanekileyo, iminyaka hayi iintsuku okanye iinyanga. Umbono kukuba umthi wamkela iimpawu ezithile ngaphandle kokuba wome, ke iliso lokulumkisa katitshala liyafuneka ukuze lisuswe kwindawo elungileyo kwaye liqale ukulungiselela iziqwenga eziza kuba ngoonodoli bexesha elizayo.

Inkqubo epheleleyo eya kuthi ibumbe i-matryoshka inamanqanaba angaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu ahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, Kutheni esaziwa ngegama lika mtshabzi o imagooska? Akukho mntu wazi kakuhle ukuba ngubani oza nayo kodwa yinyani leyo isuselwa kwi imatriona, Igama elidala laseRussia elidume kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. Mater ngumama ngesiLatin ngenxa yoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ikwavela apho.

Kwaye liqhubeka njani ibali lala madonki mahle? Ewe, okwethutyana babeyimveliso yale workshop kodwa xa yonke into ivaliwe, abafundi, oomatshini kunye nootitshala, bafudukela kuyo USergei posad, kufutshane naseMoscow. Ngokusesikweni kulapho eyokuqala mtshabzi, ziikhilomitha ezingama-73 nje kuphela ukusuka kwikomkhulu laseRussia, kwidolophu enemonki endala ye-XNUMXth century.

Iimonki zakhuthaza imisebenzi yezandla kunye nezinto zokudlala ezenziwe ngomthi kwakulula ukuzenza, zitshiphu kwaye zilula ukuze iilali kunye needolophu ezikufutshane ne-Sergei Posad Trinity Monastery baba ngamagcisa athandwayo.

Kwiimarike zayo ezinkulu abantu kunye neemveliso ezinjalo zihanjisiwe ukuba imatriki baqala ukubonana kunye nokukopa kwaye lawo ngamanyathelo okuqala kwimbali ekhawulezayo yale doli.

Iingcali zeMatryoshka zichonga izigaba kuphuhliso lwesihlahla: ekuqaleni uyilo lobuso lwalubaluleke kakhulu. Emva koko kwafakwa iimpahla. Imiboniso yokuqala yayiyeyabalimi, abarhwebi kwaye kamva, ewe, zezidwangube. Kwaye ubume bedoli buye bavela kwaye bayatshintsha, ukusuka kwisitayile sokuqala ukuya kwesitayile ngakumbi.

Gqibela baqala ukuvela imatriki ezizodwa, ibhalwe igama lomntu, nelimelwe ngabantu bezopolitiko. Le yimeko yeJamani, irhuluneli yelo lizwe laseUkraine, eyinxalenye yoBukhosi baseRussia.

Ezinye iintsapho zaqala nokuqesha amagcisa ukuba abamele kolu luyilo lumnandi nolonwabisayo, kodwa Phakathi kweentlobo ezithandwayo kwakukho amaTurkey, amaTshayina, amaLithuania, intsapho yamaTatar, iUkraine.

Kodwa zingaphi iziqwenga umntu anokuba nazo mtshabzi? Ezo zazithengiswa kwimarike kaSergei Posad zazineziqwenga ezibini ukuya kwezingama-24 kodwa Kule mihla iseti eqhelekileyo inokuba namaqhekeza amathathu, asibhozo aneshumi elinesibini. Kwakukho amagcisa awayevuya kwaye esenza iiseti ezingama-48. Kuhle! Le sethi ikwiMyuziyam yaseToyi kodwa eSaint Petersburg.

Inyani yile yokuba into eqale njengomsebenzi wezandla olula, into eyenziwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingahonjiswanga kakhulu, yayithatha ubomi bayo kwaye kamva, ukuhamba kwexesha kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa zashiya uphawu.

Ukuba imatriki zikaSergei Posad babengabokuqala baba nodumo Semiovo, ngemibala yabo, iivarnish zabo kunye nesimbo seempahla zabo. Kude kube namhla yenye yezona zidumileyo kwaye zidume ngokuchanekileyo kuba iiseti zazo ezininzi ze-matryoshka zenziwe ngamaqhekeza amaninzi.

Iseti enkulu kunazo zonke yayineziqwenga ezingama-72 kwaye yayenzelwe isikhumbuzo sokuzalwa kukaLenin ngo-1970. Obu bugcisa abumanga buqhubeka kwaye buqhubeka ukukhula. USergei Posad, uSemionovo kunye nePolkhovsky Maidan ziindawo ezinikezelwe ekudalweni kwezi zinto zingummangaliso.

Namhlanje unayo Izitayile ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo: zakudala, zesintu, zomlinganiswa wepolitiki, incwadi yehlaya, isitayile senkolo, isiko.

Las imatriki Zizipho zakudala eRashiya Ngomhla womtshato, njengezinto zokudlala zabantwana, ukuqokelela, ukuhombisa loo nto okanye njengesipho xa kuzalwa umntwana okanye ngoSuku loMama. Ungalibali ukuzisa ezinye!