Ngaphandle kwenkqubela esele yenziwe kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, i Umfazi waseTshayina Uqhubeka ekwimeko ethile yokuthoba ngokubhekisele emntwini. Le meko ibiyimeko kwimbali yeminyaka eliwaka yelizwe. Kude kube kutshanje, e-China bekukho inkcubeko ekhethiweyo emadodeni eyayinxulunyaniswa nokuthobela kwabasetyhini.
Emva kokuphunyezwa kwefayile ye- IRiphabhliki Yabantu YaseChina Kubonakala ngathi le nto ekugqibeleni izakutshintsha (hayi ilize UMao Zedong Bade bathi "abasetyhini baphakamise isiqingatha sesibhakabhaka"), kodwa ababukeli bamanye amazwe bathi abasetyhini bahlala kwindawo yokujongela phantsi kuluntu lwaseTshayina.
Abafazi baseTshayina kusapho
Amasiko amadala amaTshayina malunga nomtshato anyanzela abasetyhini ukuba bahlale nosapho lomyeni, apho kwakufuneka bahlale khona nasemva kokuba eswelekile. Indima yakhe ephambili yayikukuba nabantwana kwaye anakekele ikhaya.
Isenzo esibi sabasetyhini, esasitshabalaliswayo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, seso iinyawo ezibotshiweyo. Eli siko lasetyenziswa kuphela kwiintombi ezindala zinoluvo lokufumana umtshato olungileyo, kuba ukusilela okubangelwa leli bhandeji kwakuthathwa njengokutsala kunye nophawu lokwahlula. Inyani yayiyeyokuba amantombazana ayethotyelwa ukusonga iinyawo agqibela ngokushukumiseka okushukumayo kwaye anyamezele iintlungu ezininzi.
Ngo-1950 i-People's Republic of China yaseka i Umthetho womtshato, ezazicinezela izithethe zakudala zokuthotyelwa kwamabhinqa kwaye, phakathi kwezinye izinto, zazivumela abafazi okwesihlandlo sokuqala ukuba bazenzele ezabo izigqibo ngomtshato. Nangona kunjalo, kuthathe amanye amashumi amathathu eminyaka umtshato ohleliweyo bapheliswa. Kwenzeka into efanayo nakwizithethe ezifana i-concubinge, isithembu kunye ne-bigamy ezazisekiwe nzulu.
Ngaphandle kwenkqubela ebonakalayo, ipesenti yamabhinqa amaTshayina kwi ukufikelela kwimfundo ephakamileyo isephantsi kakhulu kunaleyo yamadoda. Ingxaki enkulu ubundlobongela basekhaya.
I-Zuoyuezi okanye "yenza inyanga." Isiko lesiTshayina lakudala malunga nokuba ngumama.
Zuoyuezi
Isiko lakudala elidityaniswe nokuba ngumama lisaphila e-China: the zuoyuezi, igama elinokuguqulelwa ngokuthi "yenza inyanga."
Xa abafazi baseTshayina bezala, kufuneka bahlale ekhaya bephumle kwaye bekhathalela umntwana kangangeentsuku ezingama-30. Imithetho ingqongqo kakhuluUmama kufuneka alandele ukutya okhethekileyo ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuphuma ebhedini kwaye ngaphandle kokufumana utyelelo ngakumbi kunolo losapho lusondeleyo. Akakwazi ukusebenzisa ifowuni okanye ukubukela umabonwakude. Awavumelekanga nokuba ahlambe okanye ahlambe ngaphaya kobuncinane bokucoceka.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje iZuoyuezi iqala ukungathandwa ngabantu baseTshayina banamhlanje, zombini ngenxa yendalo engacocekanga kwaye ngenxa yokuba ithathwa njengeyingozi kubungakanani boomama.
Ubuhle kunye nempilo
Ehlabathini lonke, abafazi baseTshayina banconywa ngobuhle babo kunye nokubonakala kolutsha ngaphandle kweminyaka yabo.
Inyani yile yokuba abafazi beli lizwe bachitha imali eninzi kukhathalelo lomntu. Ngapha koko, ukusetyenziswa kwekhaya kwezithambiso kukhulu kakhulu. I-canon yobuhle bendabuko e-China ishwankathelwe kuthotho lweempawu zomzimba ezimiselweyo: Amehlo amakhulu, impumlo ephakanyisiweyo, umlomo omncinci, kunye nesikhumba esihle. Ngesi sizathu, ngokungafaniyo nabasetyhini baseNtshona, abafazi baseTshayina abakuthandi ukwenza ilanga elangeni. Ngaphezu koko, uninzi luhlala lusebenzisa iblitshi yolusu.
I-facekini, ingubo enomdla esetyenziswa ngabafazi baseTshayina ukunqanda iimpembelelo zelanga ebusweni
Olu "loyiko lwelanga" yayisesona sizathu sokuba lubonakale ubuso. Le yokuqubha yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo kwilizwe laseAsia. Abafazi bazigqume iintloko ngayo, oko ke kuthintela ilanga ekutshiseni ubuso babo ngeentsuku zolwandle.
Ezi nkathalo ayisiyoyobuhle kuphela, kodwa zikwajolise kwi impilo enempilo. Abasetyhini e-China babakhathalele kakhulu ukondla. Kukho uthotho lokutya okuthathwa njenge "feminine" njengejinja, isesame emnyama okanye ijojoba, ethi, ukongeza ekuvuseleleni, ikhuthaze ukuchuma.
Kukwathethwa njalo ukuba Abafazi baseTshayina bayayithiya ingqele, ezo bazigqala ziyingozi kumbuliso njengelanga. Ngesi sizathu, bayakuphepha ukutya i-ayiskhrim okanye ukusela amanzi abandayo, kwanezona nyanga zishushu zasehlotyeni.
Abafazi baseTshayina kwihlabathi lomsebenzi
Abafazi baseTshayina kwihlabathi lomsebenzi
I-China lelinye lamazwe ehlabathini inqanaba eliphezulu lokuqeshwa kwabasetyhini (malunga ne-43%). Kukho umthetho welizwe othintela ukuthunyelwa "kwamadoda kuphela" ukuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi.
Nangona kunjalo, kuyinyani ukuba indima yabasetyhini kwihlabathi lomsebenzi e-China ihlala ikwindawo yesibini. Abafazi bahlala bedlala imisebenzi engabalulekanga kangako nehlawulwa kancinciNgemisebenzi "ehloniphekileyo" ebekelwe bucala ukuba yenze phantse kuphela yabasebenzi abangamadoda.
Iinzame zokulinganisa ubunzima phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini kule meko zingqubana nengqondo yakudala yesiTshayina. Oku kubangele inani leefayile ze- ubungcali buthathelwa ingqalelo njengowasetyhini (umzekelo, unobhala wentengiso). Kwangokunjalo, ubukho babafazi kumaqela olawulo eenkampani okanye kulawulo lwamaqumrhu karhulumente buncinci.