Ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba Amayeza emveli amaTshayina inembali yeminyaka eliwaka. Kule nkulungwane, abantu abaninzi bayaziwa, abathe banegalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lwezonyango nakwimpilo yelizwe kunye nehlabathi liphela. Kwaye phakathi koogqirha abangenakubalwa abaziwayo Bian yintoni, udweliswe njengesilumko ngobude obufanayo nobukaConfucius noSun Zi, umbhali womsebenzi wezomkhosi "Ubugcisa beMfazwe."
U-Bian Que waphila malunga neminyaka engama-2500 3 eyadlulayo kwiXesha leNtwasahlobo kunye neAkwindla, phakathi kwenkulungwane yesi-8 neye-XNUMX ye-BC. Kwaye iirekhodi zixela ukuba udumo lwakhe lwalunemvelaphi elandelayo: Ngenye imini, uDuke Huan, ukumkani wase-Qi, wadibana noBian Que, owayesele engugqirha odumileyo.
Kodwa xa ebona ubuso bokumkani, Kulungile ukuba ugwebe isifo esiya kusiba mandundu ukuba asinyangwa ngexesha. Nangona kunjalo, inkosi yahlekisa ngesilumkiso sika-Bian Que, isithi ikwimo entle kwaye oogqirha banomkhwa wokunyanga abantu abasempilweni ukufezekisa udumo lwabo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, ukumkani wagula kwaye wasweleka.
Ngokusekwe kule nyani, uBian Que wayegqalwa njengoyise wamayeza emveli amaTshayina, kunye nomyili weendlela ezine zokuchonga amayeza emveli amaTshayina, angala:
Kuthiwa obona buchule bakhe babugqwesileyo kuba yayinguye owasebenzisa iinaliti okokuqala, endaweni yazo zenziwe ngethambo kunye nelitye, isenzo esaba negalelo ekusetyenzisweni kokugqibela kweinaliti zesilivere. Iyeza lesiNtu laseTshayina namhlanje alihoyi kangako isidima kumagqirha. Bafundisa izinto ezingenamsebenzi ngelixa betyeshela iimfundiso zexesha elidlulileyo. Akusekho Bian Que okanye abanye "oogqirha bemimangaliso."
