UMonika Zgustová ungenele imbasa ye-Ángel Crespo engacingi ukuba angaphumelela, kodwa yintoni eyamothusayo xa wayexelelwa ukuba uphumelele ukhuphiswano lwenguqulelo yakhe esuka eCzech esiya kwiSpanish 'The Adventures of the Good Soldier Švejk'. Naye ngokwakhe wamangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba uphumelele, kuba ngokutsho kombhali nomguquli ngokwakhe "zazininzi iincwadi ezazineenguqulelo ezisulungeke kakhulu, ezisemthethweni, ezinde nezinzima, zeelwimi zakudala nemibongo."
Kodwa ijaji yagqiba kwelokuba uMonika abe yimpumelelo yeXIII Ángel Crespo Translation Prize yokuguqula enye yezona ncwadi zakudala zeCzech. I-Adventures yejoni elilungileyo Švejk ngumsebenzi ongagqitywanga, obhalwe ngongasekhoyo uJaroslav Hašek noMonika bachaza kudliwanondlebe neRadio Prague ukuba kutheni ekhethe ukwenza lo msebenzi.
“Kuba yayiyinguqulelo endandisandul 'ukuyenza, ndicinga ukuba yayilungile. Abantu babenomdla kakhulu, iikopi ezininzi sele zithengisiwe kwaye yinto yakudala yaseCzech, incwadi yodidi lwehlabathi. Kwaye bendicinga ukuba ingakhuphisana nezinye iincwadi ezithi zenziwe apho. "
Ukhuphiswano kwaye waphumelela, kodwa hayi ngaphambi kokuba abeke mzamo omkhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ngaphandle kokuba wayenguCzech kwaye esazi kakuhle iSpanish phantse ngokugqibeleleyo, uMonika kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba asebenze nzima kulo msebenzi ukuze afumane iziphumo ezonelisayo, njengoko echaza.
“Incwadi yaphuma kunyaka ophelileyo kwaye ndaye ndayigqiba malunga nonyaka onesiqingatha odlulileyo. Kodwa bendisebenza kuyo iminyaka emininzi, kuba yinguqulelo engenakwenziwa ngexesha elifutshane. Ngeliphandle kufuneka usebenze kwaye ujonge kwaye ucinge ngaye kwaye ubuyele emsebenzini. Bendihlala ndisebenzisa abahlobo bam njengabaphulaphuli kwaye bendibafundela isiqwenga senoveli kwaye ukuba bayakuhleka luphawu oluhle, ukuba abahleki bendizakusebenza ngakumbi ”.
Olu luguqulelo lokuqala olungqalileyo ukusuka eCzech ukuya kwisiSpanish kule noveli kwaye umbhali ukwazile ukuziva esenyameni yakhe bonke ubunzima obabandakanyeka emsebenzini ofana nowakhe. Ngokukodwa, kulo msebenzi uye wahlangabezana neengxaki ezininzi, ekubeni inoveli enerejista esisiseko yamaziko ngamaxesha oBukhosi base-Austro-Hungary. Ukongeza, obunye ubunzima ekuye kwafuneka ajongane nabo kukudityaniswa kweelwimi, kuba abalinganiswa bathetha isiCzech nesiJamani, uZgustová uyaqhubeka.
“Ukuguqulelwa kwalo msebenzi kunzima kakhulu, ngakumbi ngenxa yemeko yezembali engasekhoyo namhlanje. UHašek ubonakalise uBukhosi base-Austro-Hungary ukusukela ekuqaleni kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. Imeko yeelwimi ezininzi, iPrague apho kwakuthethwa isiCzech nesiJamani, apho kwakuhlala khona amasiko aliqela. Kwaye, iinyani ezingekhoyo namhlanje kubukhosi base-Austro-Hungary: iingqekembe zemali, isikhundla somkhosi ... inyani endinike idabi elininzi ”.
Lo ayingomsebenzi wakhe wokuqala njengomguquleli, enyanisweni, unembali ende kwicandelo lokubhala nokuguqulela. Uhambo aluzuzileyo enkosi ngokubhadula kwakhe kwiminyaka edlulileyo nalapho athe wafunxa kuzo zonke iintlobo zolwazi.
UMonika Zgustová wazalelwa ePrague kodwa wafudukela eUnited States nabazali bakhe apho wafumana khona isidanga se-PhD kuLwazi lokuThelekisa kwiDyunivesithi yaseIllinois. Emva kokuhamba ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, kwii-80s wagqibela ngokuzimisela e-Barcelona, ngakumbi eSitges, idolophu encinci awayeyithanda kwasekuqaleni nalapho wenza khona ikhaya lakhe. Ukongeza kwiSpanish, uZgustová wafunda nolunye ulwimi olusemthethweni eCatalonia, isiCatalan, yiyo loo nto waba ngomnye wabantu ababalulekileyo ekungenisweni koncwadi lwaseCzech eSpain.
Imisebenzi engaphezulu kwama-50 iguqulelwe kwiSpanish naseCatalan ngababhali abanjengoBohumil Hrabal, Jaroslav Hašek, Karel Čapek okanye uVáclav Havel, phakathi kwabanye. Kwaye namhlanje, uMonika unebhongo ngesikhundla soncwadi lwaseCzech kwihlabathi liphela, njengoko eqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi obalulekileyo uyenziwa ukwazisa.
“Ndiye ndenza iinguqulelo ezininzi ukusuka kwisiCzech ukuya kwisiSpanish nesiCatalan. Ndiye ndaguqulela phantse iincwadi ezingama-50. Ngaphandle kwam, kukho abanye abaguquleli abanjengoFernando Valenzuela kwaye ngoku abantu abaselula bavele. Ndicinga ukuba imeko intle kakhulu, uncwadi lwaseCzech luyaziwa, abantu bayayilandela. Abantu bayayazi, ubuncinci apha eBarcelona ndingathi abantu bayalwazi uncwadi lwaseCzech phantse njengesiTaliyane ”.
Kodwa uZgustová akakhange enze iinguqulelo kuphela, kodwa wenze nemisebenzi yakhe. Indlela yakhe yokusebenza ibandakanya ukubhala iinoveli ngesiCzech emva koko aziguqulele ngokwakhe. Yile ndlela sele epapashe ngayo imisebenzi emithandathu ephumelele ngokwenene. Umsebenzi wakhe wamva nje, 'Iintsomi zenyanga engekhoyo' (2010), ebekwe ePrague, wawongwa ngebhaso iMercè Rodoreda ngamabali amafutshane kunye namabali kulwimi lwaseCatalan. Omnye wemisebenzi yakhe ebalaseleyo 'ngumfazi othuleyo' (2005), inoveli ephefumlelwe bubomi bukamakhulu wakhe ngexesha lobuNazi kunye nokungeniswa kobuKomanisi emva koko. Ukwangumbhali weenoveli 'iGadi yaseBusika' (2009), 'iMint Mint eneLamuni' (2002) kunye 'noMfazi weLinye iLizwi leSmiles' (2001). Ayimangalisi ke into yokuba umbhali uphumelele amabhaso aliqela kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe ngomsebenzi wakhe.
Kodwa konke oko kukhazimla ayiyigolide, kuba ukuguqulela umsebenzi wakho kolunye ulwimi olufundisiweyo ayingomsebenzi olula nokuba kunokubonakala ngathi xa uwukha nje kuqala. UMonika uxoxa ngokulunga nangobubi beli sabelo.
“Ukuzitolika kunzima kuba xa usenza inguqulelo uqala kwangoko, wenza kuphela loo msebenzi, kodwa awubhalanga, ubhalwe ngomnye umntu. Kwelinye icala, xa uziguqulela, sele usebenze kakhulu kwinoveli kwaye kufuneka ubuyele ekuyiguquleleni. Le yinxalenye embi. Inxalenye elungileyo kukuba unokukwazi ukulawula ukujika, isigama, irejista, uburharha ngokwakho. Kananjalo, iincwadi ziphume ngeelwimi ezintathu ngaxeshanye ”.
IsiCzech, iSpanish nesiCatalan, ukudityaniswa kweelwimi ezizisa impumelelo enkulu kubomi bukaMonika Zgustová. Kuya kufuneka silinde umsebenzi wakhe olandelayo ukuze sazi ukuba uyakumangaliswa yintoni kwakhona.