Izakhiwo zaseDashi

Ezokuvakasha eHolland

Isikhathi sokuqala esibalulekile se- izakhiwo zase-Dutch kwakukhona ngesikhathi se- I-Dutch Golden Age kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17. Ngenxa yamadolobha achumayo umnotho wakhula kakhulu.

Kwakhiwa amahholo amasha nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla. Abathengisi ababenze imali enkulu bayalela ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezintsha ezakhiwe ngakwenye yemisele eminingi emisha eyayimbiwe emadolobheni nasemadolobhaneni ahlukahlukene (ngenhloso yokuvikela kanye neyokuhamba) nezindlu ezinamacici amahle ahlomulise isimo sazo esisha.

Izindlu ezintsha zasemaphandleni zakhiwa emaphandleni, yize zazingezona izinombolo ezifanayo. Abanye abaklami abaziwayo bangaleso sikhathi kwakunguJacob van Campen (1595-1657), uLieven de Keys (c. 1560-1627), noHendrik de Keyser (1565-1621).

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kwakukhona i-Neo-Gothic noma i-Neo-Gothic yamanje, kokubili esontweni nasezakhiweni zomphakathi, ikakhulukazi nguPeter Cuypers ongumKatolika, owakhuthazwa yi-French Viollet -le- Duc. IRijksmuseum ese-Amsterdam (1876-1885) kanye ne-Amsterdam Central Station (1881-1889) ingezakhiwo zayo ezinkulu.

Phakathi nekhulu lama-20 abaklami baseDashi badlala indima enkulu ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zesimanje. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zikaBerlage, umakhi weBeurs van Berlage, amaqembu amathathu athuthukiswa phakathi nawo-1920, ngalinye linombono walo lapho izakhiwo zanamuhla kufanele zithathe khona.

Phakathi kwabadwebi be-Expressionist kuvelele oM. De Klerk noPJ Kramer e-Amsterdam (Bheka i-Amsterdam School) naphakathi kwabasebenza kahle uMart Stam, uLC van der Vlugt, uWillem Marinus Dudok noJohannes Duiker ababenobudlelwano obuhle neqembu lamanje lamanje le-CIAM.

Ngesikhathi sama-50s kanye nama-60s isizukulwane esisha sabadwebi abanjengo-Aldo van Eyck, JB Bakema noHerman Hertzberger, owaziwa nge-'Generation Forum '(igama likamagazini obizwa ngeForamu) bakha ukuxhumana namaqembu aphesheya njengeTeam 10

Kusukela ngawo-80 kuze kube manje, uRem Koolhaas kanye neHhovisi lakhe leMetropolitan Architecture (OMA) baba ngomunye wabakhi abaphambili emhlabeni. Ngaye wakhe isizukulwane esisha sabakhi baseDashi abasebenza ngesiko lesimanje.


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