Izakhiwo zanamuhla eMpumalanga Docklands, e-Amsterdam
Eminyakeni yokugcina ye-15, Holland isibe ngesinye sezikhungo ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke eYurophu. Leli futhi yizwe elazi okuningi ngokuvuselelwa kabusha (ingxenye enhle yendawo yayo yathathwa olwandle, phela).
Kulokhu kufanele kungezwe ukuthi iNetherlands iyisibonelo semadolobha aluhlaza, ngakho-ke abaculi baseDashi babekwazi ukuhlola indlela ezimpambanweni zomklamo ophakeme nokusimama.
Iqiniso ukuthi ukwakhiwa kweDashi kubambe iqhaza elibalulekile enkulumweni yamazwe omhlaba yokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezikhathini ezintathu. Esokuqala salokhu sasikhona ngekhulu le-17, lapho uMbuso WaseDashi wawusenamandla amakhulu.
Esesibili sasisengxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwesimanjemanje. Owesithathu awuphothulwanga futhi ubandakanya abaklami abaningi baseDashi abafinyelela udumo emhlabeni wonke.
Phakathi nekhulu lama-20 abaklami baseDashi badlala indima enkulu ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zesimanje. Ngaphandle kwe-rationalist ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lokwakhiwa komakhi uBeurs van Berlage, amaqembu ahlukene athuthukiswa phakathi nawo-1920, ngalinye linombono walo wendlela yokwakhiwa kwesimanje.
Begqame kanjalo-ke abakhi bezinkulumo ezifana noMichel de Klerk noPiet Kramer ababehlotshaniswa nabakhi bezakhiwo abasebenza njengoMart Stam, Leendert van der Vlugt noJohannes Duiker. Iqembu lesithathu laphuma enhlanganweni kaDe Stijl, phakathi kwabo kukhona uJJP Oud noGerrit Rietveld. Bobabili abaklami kamuva bahlanganiswa nesitayela sokusebenza.
Ukusabela okwenziwe ngo-1918 ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zaseDashi kwakuyiSikole Sezomdabu, esahlala isikhathi eside ngemuva kuka-1945.
Isibonelo salolu shintsho lwasemadolobheni sise-Amsterdam, okuyinhlanganisela ekhangayo yokwakhiwa kwemisele yangekhulu le-17 ngokunyakaza okusha kwezakhiwo kanye namaphrojekthi amasha amasha.
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, itheku elidala lase-Amsterdam, i- EMpumalanga DocklandsIshintshe ngokushesha okukhulu selokhu imisebenzi yezindlu ivunyelwe ekupheleni kwekhulu elidlule. Abakhi bezakhiwo abadumile, abagxile ekwakhiweni ngasogwini lolwandle, bashintsha amadokodo amadala nezakhiwo zamachweba zaba indawo yokuhlala yesimanje e-Amsterdam.