IMorocco, enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, iyindlela yokungena ezwenikazi lase-Afrika kwabaningi baseYurophu, kusukela ubuhle bayo bemvelo nobuhle obubabazekayo bamanye amadolobha nemizana yayo sekuyindawo yokubhekelwa kwezokuvakasha emhlabeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokuma kwezwe laseMorocco, ikakhulukazi ukuma kwalo ngemifula nezintaba ezinkulu ezigcwala lesi sifunda esimangalisayo sogu lwase-Afrika.
Ngokwendawo iMorocco inezintaba ezine:
- iRif,
- i-Atlas Ephakathi,
- iGrand Atlas kanye
- ama-Antiatlas.
Intaba yayo ephakeme kunazo zonke iToubkal, enamamitha angaphezu kuka-4.000 wobude. Phakathi kweRif ne-Middle Atlas kukhona iSebu Valley, esinye sezigodi ezivundile kakhulu eMorocco nesinye sezikhungo zokukhiqiza ezolimo esifundeni.
Imifula emikhulu yile: Sebu, Muluya, Oum Er-Rbia, Tensift, Sus kanye neDraa.
Kancane kancane ngizokwembulela ezinye izimfihlo nezimangaliso zezintaba nemifula yaseMorocco.
IRif
Kuyisifunda lapho kuhlanganiswa izintaba nezindawo eziluhlaza, kunogu oluseMedithera. Ngokwesiko bekuyindawo ecezile futhi encishwe amathuba. Izakhamizi zakhona amaBerbers noma ama-Amaziges, nama-Arabhu, empeleni abaseYurophu abaningi Lapho abaseYurophu bevakashela iRif, bayamangala ngokubukeka kwezakhamizi zakhona, ngoba ingxenye enkulu yabo inokubukeka kwaseYurophu, abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izinwele ezimpunga noma eziluhlaza okotshani futhi ezibomvu noma ezibomvu. Kwezokuphatha, inezifundazwe eziyisithupha zaseMorocco: i-Alhuceima, iNador, Uchda, iDriouch, iBerkane neTaza kanye nedolobha elizimele laseSpain iMelilla.
Le ntaba ayiphakeme ngokweqile, ukuphakama kwayo kungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2.000 XNUMXIngqungquthela yayo ephakeme kunazo zonke iTidirhin, engamamitha angu-2.452 ukuphakama futhi isesifundeni saseRetama.
ngokumangazayo amabhishi asogwini lweRif, phansi kwezintaba, angcono kakhulu eMorocco, okubenza bahehe izivakashi ezibalulekile.
I-Atlas Ephakathi
Le ndawo yaziwa ngokuthi yiSwitzerland yaseMorocco ngoba ezintabeni zayo kunamadolobha amancane aphakathi nendawo, ngokuvamile iBerber ngokubukeka.. I-Middle Atlas ingu-18% wezindawo ezinezintaba eMorocco, enweba ngaphezu kwama-350 km, phakathi kweRif ne-High Atlas. Ukunwetshwa kwayo kuhlala ezifundazweni zaseKhénifra, Ifrane, Boulmane, Sefrou, El Hajeb, kanye nengxenye yezifundazwe zaseTaza naseBeni Mellal.
E-Atlas Ephakathi ungathola iTazekka National Park, enamathafa emihosha nemigede kanye ne-Ifrane National Park, eyaziwa kakhulu ngezimvemvane zayo eziyingqayizivele, nepaki iTazekka.
Izintaba zayo eziphakeme kakhulu yiJebel Bou Naceur ngamamitha angu-3.356 3.277, bese kuba yiJebel Mouâsker ngamamitha angu-3.192, kanye neJebel Bou Iblane ngamamitha angu-XNUMX, eduze kwase-Immouzer Marmoucha.
Ezintabeni zalo imifula emikhulu yaseMorocco izalwa, engizokhuluma ngayo engxenyeni elandelayo.
I-atlas enkulu
IGreat Atlas, noma i-High Atlas inezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu kuyo yonke iNyakatho Afrika, enephuzu eliphakeme kakhulu eNtabeni iToubkal (4.167 metres). Lolu haba lwentaba olungaphansi komxhwele luyisithiyo sezulu eMorocco, luhlukanisa imingcele yoLwandle iMedithera kanye ne-Atlantic Ocean ogwadule lwaseSahara futhi, empeleni, kungenye yezinto ezibanga ukoma kwalelihlane, Ithuba libangela ushintsho olukhulu ekushiseni kulo lonke uhla lwezintaba. Ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zezintaba iqhwa liwa njalo, ukuvumela imidlalo yasebusika ukuba yenziwe kahle entwasahlobo.
I-Antiatlas noma i-Little Atlas
I-Antiatlas eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-Little Atlas unwebeka eMorocco, usuka e-Atlantic Ocean ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga, uye ngasenyakatho-mpumalanga, ekuphakameni kwe-Ouarzazate futhi uqhubekele empumalanga uye edolobheni laseTafilalt. Eningizimu ifinyelela emingceleni yeSahara.
Ingqungquthela ephakeme kakhulu ingamamitha angu-2.712 ukuphakama yi-Amalou n'Mansour, etholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga yedolobha lase-Iknioun, e-El Jbel Saghro noma eJebel Saghro massif.
Vula imimoya eshisayo neyomile yaseSahara, ama-Antiatlas asalondolozela izigodi nama-oases angempela aniselwa kahle futhi atshalwe kahle, njengalawo aseTafraoute, okudala umehluko obalulekile ne-steppe nendawo eyomile yezintaba ezivezwe kakhulu.
I-hydrography yaseMorocco
Imifula ebaluleke kakhulu futhi enamandla eMorocco igeleza yomibili imithambeka yeMedithera ne-Atlantic, futhi yile:
- I-Draa
- Sus
- Ishumi,
- I-Oum Er-Rbia,
- UMuluya
- Sebu
Umfula iSebu osenyakatho yeMorocco ugelezela eFez bese usentshonalanga uya e-Atlantic Ocean. Inobude obungamakhilomitha angama-458 futhi amanzi alo enza umcengezi wawo ucebe ukuze kulinywe kuwo yeminqumo, ilayisi, ukolweni, ama-beet kanye namagilebhisi, okwenza kube yisifunda esivundile kunazo zonke ezweni. Izintela zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu yi-Uarga, Baht ne-Inauen.
UMfula uMuluya, omunye obalulekile, unomsinga omkhulu kunayo yonke waseMorocco nemifula engeyona eyeSahara yaseNyakatho Afrika. Ithululela eMedithera, eduze kakhulu ne-Algeria. Iziqhingi zaseCafarinas zibhekene nomlomo omise okwezintaba zalo mfula, cishe ngamamayela amane. Indawo yomlomo kanye neqoqo lawo lamazwe anamaxhaphozi kuyindawo ebaluleke kakhulu yezintshisekelo zebhayoloji, efakwe kuhlu lwamazwe omhlaba lwamanzi lwamaRamsar.
Igama lomfula i-Oum Er-Rbia lisho umama wentwasahlobo, ngumfula wesibili eMorocco ngobude. Ukugeleza kwawo ngobuningi kuholele ekwakhiweni kochungechunge lwamadamu, aze afinyelela kwayisishiyagalombili, okwenze kwaba yitshe legumbi lenethiwekhi yokuphehla ugesi kanye nokunisela eMorocco, yize kungakabi nokuzimela.
Umfula iTensift uqhamuka e-High Atlas bese ungena olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean, phakathi kweSafa ne-Essaouira. Yize ithola imingenela eminingi, ukugeleza kwayo akujwayelekile, icishe yome ehlobo.
IDraa ngumfula omude kunayo yonke eMorocco nase-Algeria, ongamakhilomitha angaba ngu-1.100 XNUMX. Izalwa e-High Atlas futhi ithululela olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean. Ungumfula ogeleza ngokukhethekile noma umzila, ngoba izimo zezulu zezinkulungwane zeminyaka zishintshile indlela yawo, ukuze okwamanje amanzi awo ahlungwe esihlabathini sogwadule olwedlule iMhamid futhi aqhubeke nenkambo yawo ngendlela engaphansi komhlaba, ulibangise ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-600 ulibangise e-Atlantic. Kubuyela kuphela embhedeni wakudala ngeminyaka ehlukile yemvula.
Ekugcineni, ngizokutshela ngomfula iSus ohamba ngokudangala esifundeni saseSouss-Massa-Draa, esiwunikeza igama lawo, futhi uthele oLwandle i-Atlantic. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ngalo mfula ukunotha kwemvelo komlomo wawo.