Izakhiwo ezi-5 ezidume kakhulu e-United States

Ukusuka empumalanga kuye entshonalanga, i-United States izwe elikhulu elinamadolobha abaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Esinye sazo yiWashington, okuyisizinda samandla ezombusazwe nakwezomnotho. Enhlokodolobha singavakashela izakhiwo eziningana ezidumile nezifanele kakhulu emlandweni wezwe ezivele kumafilimu amaningi. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ukuthi imayelana nani? Qhubeka ufunde!

I-White House

Indawo yokuhlala esemthethweni nendawo yokusebenzela kaMongameli wase-United States of America, iWhite House, ingesinye sezakhiwo ezidume kakhulu ezweni futhi kuwuphawu.

Yakhiwa ngemuva koMthetho weCongress ngo-1790 ngesitayela se-neoclassical ngesinyathelo sikaGeorge Washington, esiqinisa isidingo sokwakha indawo yokuhlala kamongameli eduze noMfula iPotomac. Imisebenzi yathunyelwa kumakhi wezakhiwo uJames Hoban owakhuthazwa yiChâteau de Rastignac eFrance ngokwakhiwa kwayo futhi kwathatha isikhathi esingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi ukuyiphothula. Kodwa-ke, uMongameli Washington akazange eze azohlala kulesi sakhiwo esisha kepha wavulwa ngumlandeli wakhe uJohn Adams.

Isakhiwo sokuqala asihlalanga isikhathi eside njengoba amasosha amaNgisi asicekela phansi ngo-1814 ukuziphindiselela ngokushiswa kwePhalamende eCanada, ngakho-ke abaseMelika kwadingeka bakhe kabusha lokho okwakuthiwa yi "House of the President." Kusukela lapho, izandiso ezahlukahlukene kanye nokwenza ngcono kwenziwe esakhiweni. Ihhovisi le-Oval elidumile neWest Wing lakhiwa ngo-1902 ngesikhathi sikaMongameli Roosvelt. ngenkathi iphiko laseMpumalanga lengezwa ngesikhathi sikaTruman. Ngakho-ke isakhiwo esaziyo namuhla saqedwa.

Kutholakala ku-1.600 Pennsylvania Avenue eWashington, iWhite House yaziwa ngesakhiwo sayo sangemuva, esinevolandi maphakathi. Ngaphandle, ubukhulu bayo bubukeka buncane futhi bambalwa kuphela abazi ubukhulu bayo bangempela: ngaphezu kwamakamelo ayi-130, izindlu zangasese ezingama-35, izindawo zokucisha umlilo ezingaba ngu-30, izitebhisi ezingama-60 namakheshi ayi-7 asatshalaliswa ngaphezu kwamaphansi ayisithupha namamitha-skwele angama-6.

Ungavakashela?

Eduze kweWhite House yi-White House Visitor Centre, evulekele umphakathi. Ukuvakashela i-White House ngohambo lwangaphakathi kungenzeka kuphela kwizakhamizi zase-US. Bakhululekile kepha kufanele wenze ukubhuka izinyanga kusengaphambili ngokubhalela ummeleli weCongress. Kwabangaphandle ngalesi sikhathi akunakwenzeka ngakho kufanele uzinze ngokubona i-White House ngaphandle.

I-Washington Cathedral

Elinye lamasonto amakhulu amahle kakhulu empumalanga ye-United States yiWashington National Cathedral. Kungokwesibili ngobukhulu ezweni ngemuva kweBasilica yeNational Shrine of the Immaculate Conception esiFundeni saseColumbia (eduze kakhulu neWashington) kanye nesonto lesithupha elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.

I-Neo-Gothic ngesitayela, iWashington National Cathedral ikhumbuza kakhulu ama-basilica amakhulu aseYurophu futhi inikezelwe kubaPhostoli uSt Peter noPaul Paul. Yakhiwa ngekhulu lama-XNUMX futhi ingeye-Episcopal Church e-United States of America.

Uma ngesikhathi seholide oya eWashington ungathanda ukuvakashela leli thempeli, Uzokuthola ekuhlanganeni phakathi kweWisconsin neMassachusetts Avenues, enyakatho-mpumalanga yenhlokodolobha. Kwabhalwa njengesikhumbuzo kwiRejista Kazwelonke Yezindawo Zomlando futhi njengelukuluku, uma ubheka umbhoshongo osenyakatho kukhona i-gargoyle enesigqoko sokuzivikela seDarth Vader esivela ku-Star Wars. Okungajwayelekile, akunjalo?

Lesi sikhohlakali esidumile samasiko sagcina ngokuba yingxenye yesonto lombhishobhi ngoba umagazini iNational Geographic World wawubambe umncintiswano wezingane lapho umncintiswano uChristopher Rader athatha indawo yesithathu ngalo mdwebo. Ngemuva komncintiswano, isibalo saqoshwa kanye neminye imidwebo yokuwina (intombazane enamagoda, i-raccoon nendoda enesambulela) ukuhlobisa phezulu kombhoshongo osenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeWashington Cathedral.

UJefferson Memorial

UThomas Jefferson ubuntu obabubaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wase-United States. Wayengumqambi omkhulu weSimemezelo Sayo Sokuzimela, unobhala wokuqala wezwe kuhulumeni waseGeorge Washington, ongomunye wabasunguli besizwe kanye nomongameli wesithathu ngemuva kokulandela uJohn Adams. Ekugcineni, e-United States kuningi okumele kukhunjulwe uThomas Jefferson futhi itshe lakhe lesikhumbuzo linikezelwe enkumbulweni yakhe.

Isikhumbuzo sisendaweni evulekile iWest Potomac Park, osebeni loMfula iPotomac. Yayalelwa ukuthi yakhiwe nguMongameli uFranklin D. Roosvelt ngo-1934 njengoba ayemthanda kakhulu lo sopolitiki. Ngokwakhiwa kwayo umakhi wezakhiwo wakhuthazwa nguMonticello, indlu kaThomas Jefferson, nayo eyakhuthazwa yiPantheon eRome.

Uma ngaphandle iJefferson Memorial yinhle, ngaphakathi iyamangaza ngoba ihlotshiswe ngemibhalo eqoshiwe izingcaphuno ezidumile ezivela kulo mongameli ngisho nangezingcezu ze-American Declaration of Independence.

I-United States Capitol

Ingesinye sezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu eWashington esisendaweni yaseCapitol Hill futhi siyisithonjana esifanekisela intando yeningi yaseMelika. Lapho amandla okushaya umthetho kahulumeni wase-United States agxilile: iNdlu yabaMeli neSenate.

I-United States Capitol yaklanywa nguWilliam Thornton futhi isigaba sokuqala saqedwa ekuqaleni kwawo-XNUMX. Kamuva, abanye abaklami benza izinguquko ezinikeze lesi sakhiwo isitayela se-neoclassical.

Isigaba sokuqala saqedwa ngo-1800 futhi singesinye sezindawo eziheha izivakashi kuleli dolobha. Abakhi bezakhiwo uThomas U. Walter no-August Schoenborn baklama idome yamanje enkabeni yesakhiwo efakwe yisithombe sowesifazane, ukwakheka kwaso kungabonakala buqamama njengoba izindlela zaseMaryland nasePennsylvania ziphelela lapho.

Labo abakhethe isiza sokwakhiwa kwe-United States Capitol bashaya isipikili ekhanda ngoba ukutholakala egqumeni kubonakala kukhulu kakhulu, okuyisibonelo esiphelele sophawu lwamandla..

ISikhumbuzo seLincoln

Esinye sezakhiwo esidume kakhulu e-United States yiLincoln Memorial, itshe lesikhumbuzo elibabazekayo elinikezelwe ku-Abraham Lincoln, umongameli weshumi nesithupha wezwe.s ngaphakathi kwepaki enkabeni yenhlokodolobha eyaziwa ngokuthi yiNational Mall. Nazi ezinye izikhumbuzo ezibalulekile ezifana ne-Obelisk yaseWashington, isithombe sikaGeneral Grant kanye nesikhumbuzo seLincoln, izibalo ezintathu ezifanele kakhulu emlandweni waseMelika.

Sivulwe ngonyaka we-1922, iSikhumbuzo saseLincoln yisakhiwo esime ngendlela yethempeli lamaGrikhi iNational Congress eyayifuna ukusakha ukuhlonipha usopolitiki odumile. Isitebhisi esikhulu siholela egumbini lapho singabona khona isithombe esikhulu sika-Abraham Lincoln (nguDaniel Chester French), imidwebo ehlukahlukene yangaphakathi nemibhalo emibili enezingcaphuno ezivela kwezinye zezinkulumo zikamongameli.

Ngo-1963 iSikhumbuzo saseLincoln kwaba yisigcawu senkulumo edumile ethi "Nginephupho" ngumfundisi nesishoshovu samalungelo omphakathi uMartin Luther King. ENational Mall ungabona futhi isithombe esizinikezele kumfanekiso wakhe amamitha ambalwa ukusuka esikhumbuzweni.

Ungavakashela?

Kungenwa mahhala eSikhumbuzweni saseLincoln futhi kuvulwa kusukela ngo-8 ekuseni kuya ku-12 ekuseni.