Ingenye ye imikhiqizo ejwayelekile kakhulu yaseGrisi futhi livela ezinhle Isiqhingi saseChios: la inhlaka yemastic, owaziwa nangeSpanish ngokuthi mastic noma mastic.
Le resin yemvelo enephunga elimnandi kakhulu ivela ohlotsheni lwe-mastic (i-pistacia lentiscus) ekhula kuphela eningizimu yalesi siqhingi. Izakhiwo zayo ezihlukile nephunga laso elilodwa kungumphumela wezici ezikhethekile zesimo sezulu sale ngxenye ye-Aegean nokwakheka komhlaba kule ngxenye yeChios. Ikhwalithi yayo iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yezinye izinhlaka ezifana nephayini noma i-alimondi.
Umkhiqizo onokusetshenziswa okuningi
Ukusetshenziswa kwale resin kubuyela ezikhathini zasendulo. Kubhaliwe ukuthi kufayela le- IGrisi yakudala yayisetshenziselwa ukugqumisa abafileyo, kuyilapho ku Isikhathi samaRoma Kwakuwumkhiqizo owaziswa kakhulu yizintokazi zemindeni ehloniphekile, ezaziwuhlafuna ukuze ziqede umoya onukayo zabuye zasebenza njengomsizi wamazinyo. Empeleni igama lesiSpanish elithi "hlafuna" lisuselwa kulokhu kusetshenziswa okudala kwenhlaka yemastic.
Ngezikhathi zoMbuso Wase-Ottoman, i-mastic yayithathwa njengomkhiqizo wokunethezeka. Ukweba kwakhe wajeziswa ngokufa. Igama lesiTurkey lesi siqhingi ngu isiqhingikusho ukuthini "Isiqhingi senjoloba".
Inhlaka yemastic
Ezikhathini zamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwale resin enhle kwanda, kwaduma emhlabeni wonke. Namuhla ngokwesibonelo, iyasetshenziswa kufayela le- ukwenziwa kwezinsimbi ezithile zomculo futhi ukhona ku ukwakheka kodayi nopende. Iphinde isetshenziswe njengokugaya ukudla nasekwenzeni izimonyo. Sekukonke, ukusetshenziswa okungaphezulu kwama-60 okwehlukene kwalo mkhiqizo kuye kwafakwa ohlwini.
Futhi engxenyeni ye-gastronomic, i-mastic resin inokuningi okushiwo, ngeqhaza elivelele kokudla kwase-Greek, Cypriot, Syrian nase Lebanese. Ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, utshwala obudumile bamaGrikhi i-mastics iqukethe inani elincane kodwa elibalulekile layo. Kepha ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyisiko eChios nakwezinye izingxenye zeGrisi ukwengeza amaconsi ambalwa we-resin ezinkweni, amakhekhe, u-ayisikhilimu, amakhekhe namakhukhi.
IChios mastic iyisithako esibalulekile se- chrism, uwoyela ongcwele osetshenziselwa ukugcoba emasontweni obu-Orthodox.
I-mastic resin itshalwa kanjani?
Sekudlule amakhulu eminyaka, kepha inqubo yokuqoqa inhlaka yemastic ayikashintshi ukusuka lapho kuze kube namuhla. Ezinyangeni zika-Agasti noSepthemba, abatshali benza uchungechunge lokuqhekeka kumagxolo esihlahla. Ubisi lwe-gelatinous bese luqala ukugelezela ngaphandle, luwe ngesimo esikhulu, esikhanyayo izinyembezi.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15 noma ezingama-20 i-resin iwela phansi kwesihlahla, iyoma bese yakha ungqimba oluqinile olususwa ngabalimi bese lugezwa ngamanzi amasha. Ividiyo elandelayo ichaza inqubo kahle kakhulu:
Isiko le-resin le-Chios mastic labekwa njenge Amagugu Amasiko Angaphatheki Wobuntu ngu-UNESCO ngoNovemba 27, 2014.
Izinhlobo ze-mastic resin
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-mastic resin. Zihlukile komunye nomunye ngezinga lobumsulwa bazo:
- I-resin ejwayelekile yemastic, umbala omnyama, oqukethe ukungcola okuningi. Noma kunjalo, yaziswa kakhulu ngezindawo zayo ezinempilo zokwenza umsebenzi wokugaya ukudla.
- Inhlaka ye-Teardrop masticInombala ophuzi ngombala, umangele ukuya ekuthintweni nasekubukekeni okwengilazi. I-ductile impela futhi inephunga elimnandi ngokwedlulele. Iyaqina emagatsheni e-mastic futhi ayiweli phansi, yingakho ihlanzekile kune-mastic ejwayelekile. Intengo yekhilogremu ye-teardrop mastic resin cishe ama-euro angama-150.
Mastichochoria: amadolobha ase-resin
Indawo eseningizimu yeChios yaziwa ngegama le I-Masticchochoria (NgesiGreki, "abantu be-mastic"). Kunezindawo ezingama-24 esezonke umkhiqizo wazo ohlanganiswe ngaphakathi kwe- Ukuqokwa Kwemvelo Okuvikelwe yi-European Union.
IPyrgi, idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke esifundeni saseMastichochoria
Phakathi kwezindawo eziphila ngokulima i-mastic, kufanele sisho UPyrgi, Mesta, Armolia, Kalamoti y UKallimasia, phakathi kwabanye.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-mastic resin kulesi siqhingi kusezandleni zenhlangano eyodwa eyasungulwa ngo-1938. Le nhlangano futhi ilawula IChios Resin Museum, ohlinzeka ngombukiso waphakade ekukhiqizeni lo mcebo wemvelo, umlando wawo, amasu awo wokutshala kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene okunikezwa wona namuhla.
Ngo-Agasti 18, 2012, a umlilo omkhulu wehlathi eChios lokho kwaphoqa ukukhishwa kwamadolobha amahlanu eningizimu yesiqhingi futhi lokho kwacekela phansi amahektha angama-7.000 amahlathi nezindawo zamapulazi. Ukucekelwa phansi kwalimaza ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseMastichochoria, lapho cishe i-60% yemastic ilahlekile. Imboni yokukhiqiza i-mastic resin yahlushwa Ukushaya kanzima futhi ngikwazi kuphela ukubuyisa amazinga angaphambi kwenhlekelele eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule.