Amane kwakungamakhulu Imidlalo yePanhellenic Kwasendulo: Imidlalo yama-Olimpiki edumile, iNemean Games e-Argos, Imidlalo Yase-Isthmus eKorinte nase Imidlalo yePythian lokho kwenzeke endaweni ye- Indawo Engcwele ka-Apollo eDelphi. Sizokhuluma ngokugcina kokuthunyelwe kwethu namhlanje.
Idolobha laseDelphi lisendaweni yesiGreki ye- I-Phocis, cishe amakhilomitha ayi-150 entshonalanga ne- I-Atenas. Cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezintathu eyedlule, lapho kwakukhona kuphela indawo enesizungu futhi yasendle, kwakhiwa indawo engcwele lapho yokuhlonipha unkulunkulu u-Apollo naye owayehlala enye yezazi ezaziwa kakhulu eGrisi lasendulo.
Iqembu labapristikazi labizwa phithi Babephethe ukugcina indawo yokubukisa nokubonisa izivakashi ukwakheka konkulunkulu (igama elithi "umbhuli" lisuselwa kubo). UPythias wabizwa ngokukhumbula lesi silo I-Python, inyoka enkulu ehlala endaweni obekuzobulawa unkulunkulu kuyo.
Ukuthandwa kwalesi sigwebo kwafinyelela phezulu kusukela ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC Abahambi abavela kulo lonke elaseHellas bathutheleka lapho ukuzonikela ngeminikelo yabo ku-Apollo futhi balalele izambulo zaphezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu kugeleza okuqhubekayo kwezivakashi, kwakhiwa amathempeli, izikhumbuzo nezinye izakhiwo eziningi.
Amanxiwa ethempeli lika-Apollo eDelphi
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eDelphi kwakunendawo engokomfanekiso eyaziwa njenge Omphalos, Isikhungo somhlaba " okuyinto uZeus ayeyikhombe ngetshe elikhulu eliyindilinga.
Ukubungazwa Kwemidlalo yePythian
Ngo-590 BC Imidlalo yePythic yabanjwa okokuqala ngqa, eyayizoba ne- isikhathi esiyiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili (Ngokungafani nama-Olimpiki, abanjwa njalo amane). Labo ababephethe ukuzihlela kwabizwa abapristi izilwane zasemanzini, ezivela emadolobheni ahlukene aseGrisi.
Inganekwane ithi le midlalo yasungulwa ngu-Apollo uqobo ngemuva nje kokubulala uPython. Inganekwane ilandisa ukuthi unkulunkulu wathatha kanjani iDelphi enomqhele we-laurel ekhanda lakhe. Ngalesi sizathu, abaphumelele kumaPythic Games baklonyeliswa ngawo umqhele we-laurel, ichibi elalingiswa kamuva kweminye imikhosi nemincintiswano yemikhosi.
Isivumelwano esingcwele
Njengoba bekunjalo ngeMidlalo Yama-Olimpiki, ezinyangeni ezandulela ukuqala kweMidlalo yePythic eziningana umemezela ubizile imibono bahambela eGrisi bememezela usuku eyaqala ngalo.
Inhloso yalezi zithunywa ukuthi lolu bizo luzofinyelela yonke indawo. Idolobha elavumile ukubamba iqhaza emidlalweni kufanele liyeke ngokushesha noma iyiphi impi futhi lithumele ocingweni "Isivumelwano esingcwele." Imizi eyenqaba ukwenza lokho ayifakwanga, okwaba ukulahleka okukhulu kwesithunzi.
Imikhosi
Izinsuku zokuqala zemidlalo yasePythian zazenzelwe i imikhosi engcwele yokuhlonipha u-Apollo. Kwakukhona ezinkulu imihlatshelo (ama-hecatombs), izindwendwe y amadili.
I-Delphi Theatre
Kwakunomdlalo waseshashalazini lapho kukhunjulwa khona impi kankulunkulukazi elwa nenyoka esabekayo yePython. Ukusingatha lolu hlelo abadumile I-Delphi Theatre, okukodwa kwe amathiyetha ama-greek igcinwe kangcono.
Imincintiswano yezinkondlo neyomculo
Ngemuva kwemikhosi yokuvula, imidlalo yePythian yaqala ngochungechunge lwe imincintiswano yomculo lapho ababambiqhaza babonisa khona ikhono labo lokudlala izinsimbi ezifana ne-zither. Nge-tempo, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, amakhwaya nomdanso ingeziwe. Ngenkathi edlule bekukhona nemincintiswano yezinkondlo.
Imincintiswano yezemidlalo
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezinikezelwe kwezobuciko, kwaqala imincintiswano yezemidlalo. Ubufakazi obugqame kakhulu kwaba yi umjaho wenkundla (cishe amamitha ayi-178), ka isigaba esiphindwe kabili, lo umjaho omude zezinkundla ezingama-24 kanye ne umjaho wezingalo, lapho abagijimi bancintisana behlome nge-hoplitic panoply; kwenziwa nemincintiswano i-long jump, i-discus nokuphonsa umkhonto, kanye nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-wrestling njengaleyo ye- ukushaya. Kwakunemikhakha emithathu ngokweminyaka yalabo abancintisana nabo.
Izinsuku zokugcina zemidlalo yePythian zazibekelwe imincintiswano yamahhashi. Kwakunemikhakha emibili: imijaho yezinqola namahhashi amabili (imishayo) namahhashi amane (izinqola). Le mincintiswano ibibanjelwe einkundla yomjaho edolobheni elingumakhelwane iCirra, amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka eDelphi. Noma kunjalo, endaweni engcwele isithombe esidumile sika Charioteer waseDelphi, namuhla elondolozwe emnyuziyamu wezinto zakudala wedolobha. Lesi sithombe sethusi sasimelwe Amaphoyisa aseGela, umashiqela waseGrisi Sicily owazibiza njengomnqobi wemidlalo ezikhathini eziningi.
Ukuphela Kwemidlalo yePythian
Ukuthandwa kweMidlalo yePythian kwaqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokunqotshwa kwamaRoma iGrisi, yize kwaqala kancane isikhathi sokwehla. I-oracle yaqhubeka nokuthola izivakashi nemidlalo yaqhubeka ibanjelwa, kepha ukuthandwa kwayo nodumo lwancipha kancane kancane.
Ingcebo eyayibekwe emathempelini eDelphi yaphangwa ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX AD ngabaseGoth noHeruli. Ekugcineni, imidlalo yayeka ukugujwa ngekhulu elilandelayo.