Inkolo eNgilandi

Kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX, inkolo esetshenziswa kakhulu eNgilandi eye yahlonishwa ngokusemthethweni ezweni kube yi-Anglicanism, igatsha lobuKristu.. Kodwa-ke, ukuvela kwezehlakalo zomlando kanye nezehlakalo ezifana nokuthuthela kwelinye izwe kudale izinkolo ezahlukahlukene ukuhlala ngaphakathi kwemingcele yayo. Eposini elilandelayo sibuyekeza ukuthi yiziphi izinkolo ezenziwa kakhulu eNgilandi kanye nezinye izifiso zazo.

I-Anglicanism

Inkolo esemthethweni yaseNgilandi yi-Anglicanism, eyenziwa ngabantu abangama-21%. ISonto LaseSheshi lahlala lihlangene neSonto LamaKatolika kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-XNUMX. Lokhu kuvela ngesimemezelo seNkosi uHenry VIII ngemuva kwesenzo sokuphakama ngo-1534 lapho azibiza khona ngokuthi uyinhloko yeSonto embusweni wakhe nalapho eyalela abantu bakhe ukuthi bahlukane nokulalela inkolo kuPapa kaClement VII, owayephikisana neqiniso lokuthi Inkosi yahlukanisa neNdlovukazi uCatherine wase-Aragon ukuze ishade nesithandwa sayo u-Ana Bolena.

Umthetho Wezixhaso zonyaka ofanayo waqinisekisa ukuthi labo abenqaba lesi senzo futhi baphuca inkosi isithunzi sayo njengenhloko yeSonto LaseNgilandi noma bathi bayimbuka noma bahlukane nabanye bazobekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso ngenhlawulo yokufa. . Ngo-1554, iNdlovukazi uMary I waseNgilandi, owayengumKatolika ozinikele, wasichitha lesi senzo, kodwa lapho efa udadewabo u-Elizabeth I wasibuyisela.

Saqala kanjalo-ke isikhathi sokungabekezelelani ngokwenkolo kwamaKatolika ngokumemezela isifungo kuMthetho Wokuphakama okuyimpoqo kubo bonke labo ababezoba nezikhundla zomphakathi noma zesonto embusweni. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule kahulumeni ka-Elizabeth I, ngenkathi amaKatolika ephucwa amandla nengcebo yawo, kwaba nokufa okuningi kwamaKhatholika ayeyalwe yindlovukazi eyabenza baba abafel 'ukholo abaningi beSonto LamaKhatholika njengeJesuit Edmundo Campion. Wahlanjululwa nguPapa Paul VI ngo-1970 njengomunye wabafel 'ukholo abangamashumi amane baseNgilandi naseWales.

Imfundiso yaseSheshi

INkosi uHenry VIII yayingumProthestani futhi ingumKatolika othanda inkolo. Eqinisweni, wabizwa ngokuthi "uMvikeli Wokholo" ngokwenqaba kwakhe ubuLuthela. Kodwa-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukudilizwa komshado wakhe wanquma ukuhlukana neSonto LamaKatolika futhi waba yinhloko ephezulu yeSonto laseNgilandi.

Ezingeni lezenkolo, i-Anglican yokuqala yayingafani kakhulu nobuKatolika. Kodwa-ke, inani elikhulayo labaholi balenkolo entsha libonise ukuzwelana kwabo nabaHlengi beziNguquko abangamaProthestani, ikakhulukazi uCalvin iSonto laseNgilandi lashintsha kancane kancane laya enhlanganisweni phakathi kwesiko lamaKatolika neNguquko YamaProthestani. Ngale ndlela, i-Anglicanism ibonwa njengenkolo ebekezelela izimfundiso ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene ngaphezu kwezinto ezibalulekile zobuKrestu.

AmaKatolika

Ngabantu abangaphansi kwama-20% kuphela, ubuKhatholika yinkolo yesibili eyenziwa amaNgisi. Eminyakeni yamuva nje le mfundiso ibhekene nokuzalwa kabusha eNgilandi futhi nsuku zonke kukhona okuningi ezweni. Izizathu ziyahlukahluka, yize ezimbili zinesisindo esikhulu: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehla kweSonto laseNgilandi njengoba abanye abathembekile balo beguqukele ebuKatolikeni ngenxa yokufana okholweni noma bamane bamukela ukungakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abafuduki abaningi abangamaKatolika bafikile eNgilandi abenza izinkolelo zabo ngenkuthalo, ngaleyo ndlela bephefumulela umoya omnandi emphakathini wamaKatolika.

Kusizile futhi nasekuvuseleleni ubuKhatholika eNgilandi ukuthi izikhulu zomphakathi ezikhundleni ezifanele ziveze obala ukuthi zingamaKhatholika ezweni lapho kuze kube maduzane laba abathembekile behlala ngokukhishwa inyumbazane futhi behlukaniswa nezikhundla zomphakathi nezamasosha. Isibonelo sabosaziwayo abangamaKhatholika eNgilandi nguNgqongqoshe Wezabasebenzi u-Iain Duncan Smith, uMqondisi we-BBC uMark Thompson noma uNdunankulu wangaphambili u-Tony Blair.

Islam

Inkolo yesithathu eqhutshwa kakhulu ngabantu baseNgilandi yiSulumane, enezakhamuzi zayo eziyi-11% futhi inkolo ekhule kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva ngokusho kweHhovisi Lezibalo Zikazwelonke. Kusenhlokodolobha, iLondon, lapho inani elikhulu lamaSulumane ligxila khona lilandelwa ezinye izindawo ezifana neBirmingham, Bradford, Manchester noma iLeicester.

Le nkolo yazalwa ngo-622 AD ngokushunyayelwa koMprofethi u-Muhammad eMecca (namuhla eyi-Saudi Arabia). Ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe kanye nalabo abangena esikhundleni sakhe, amaSulumane asakazeka ngokushesha emhlabeni wonke futhi namuhla ingenye yezinkolo ezinenani elikhulu kakhulu labathembekile eMhlabeni elinabantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.900. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaSulumane iningi labantu emazweni angama-50.

I-Islam iyinkolo ekholelwa kuNkulunkulu munye esekwe kwiKoran, okuyisisekelo sayo kumakholwa ukuthi "Akukho nkulunkulu ngaphandle kuka-Allah noMuhammad ngumprofethi wakhe."

UbuHindu

Inkolo elandelayo enenani elikhulu labathembekile ubuHindu. NjengamaSulumane, abokufika abangamaHindu abeza ukuzosebenza eNgilandi bafika namasiko abo nokholo lwabo. Abaningi babo bathuthela bayosebenza e-United Kingdom ngemuva kokuzimela kwe-India ngo-1947 nangempi yombango eSri Lanka eyaqala ngawo-80.

Umphakathi wamaHindu unamanani amakhulu eNgilandi, kangangokuba ngo-1995 kwakhiwa ithempeli lokuqala lamaHindu, enyakatho yenhloko-dolobha yamaNgisi eNeasden, ukuze abathembekile bakwazi ukuthandaza. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi emhlabeni kunamaHindu ayizigidi ezingama-800, njengenye yezinkolo ezinokholo kakhulu emhlabeni.

Imfundiso yamaHindu

Ngokungafani nezinye izinkolo, ubuHindu abunaye umsunguli. Akuyona ifilosofi noma inkolo efananayo kodwa iqoqo lezinkolelo, imikhuba, amasiko, amasiko nezimiso zokuziphatha ezakha isiko elijwayelekile, lapho kungekho nhlangano emaphakathi noma izinkolelo ezichaziwe.

Yize onkulunkulu bamaHindu benonkulunkulu nabankulunkulu abaningi, iningi labathembekile lingabantu abazinikele ekubonakalisweni okuphindwe kathathu kukankulunkulu ophakeme owaziwa njengoTrimurti, ubuthathu bamaHindu: uBrahma, uVisnu noSiva, umdali, umlondolozi nombhubhisi ngokulandelana. Unkulunkulu ngamunye unama-avatar ahlukile, angukuphindukuzalwa kukankulunkulu emhlabeni.

UbuBuddha

Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthola abalandeli beBuddhism eNgilandi, ikakhulukazi abavela emazweni ase-Asia anomlando ofanayo neNgilandi ngenxa yombuso wamaNgisi owasungulwa kulelo zwekazi kwaze kwaba ngekhulu lama-XNUMX. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kube nenombolo ephezulu yokuguqulwa kwale nkolo kusuka kwezinye izinkolo.

UbuBuddha bungenye yezinkolo ezinkulu zomhlaba ngokuya ngenani labalandeli. Iveza izinhlobo eziningi zezikole, izimfundiso kanye nemikhuba engaphansi kwenqubo yendawo kanye nomlando ehlukaniswe ngobuBuddha obuvela enyakatho, eningizimu nasempumalanga.

Imfundiso yobuBuddha

UbuBuddha buvele ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC kusuka ezimfundisweni ezinikezwe uSiddhartha Gautama, umsunguli wayo, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNdiya. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, kwaqala ukwanda okusheshayo e-Asia.

Izimfundiso zikaBuddha zifingqiwe kokuthi "Amaqiniso Amane Ahloniphekile" ekubeni imfundiso yawo emaphakathi umthetho weKarma. Lo mthetho uchaza ukuthi izenzo zomuntu, noma zizinhle noma zimbi, zinemiphumela empilweni yethu nasemzimbeni olandelayo. Ngokunjalo, iBuddhism iyayilahla i-determinism ngoba abantu bakhululekile ukubumba ikusasa labo ngokuya ngezenzo zabo, noma bengathola ifa elithile lemiphumela yalokho abake bakuthola empilweni edlule.

UbuJuda

UbuJuda bukhona futhi eNgilandi futhi bungezinye zezinkolo ezindala kakhulu emhlabeni, eyokuqala ngohlobo loNkulunkulu oyedwa, ngoba iqinisekisa ukuba khona kukaNkulunkulu onamandla onke nowazi konke. UbuKristu buvela ebuJudeni ngoba iTestamente Elidala liyingxenye yokuqala yeBhayibheli lamaKristu kanti uJesu, indodana kaNkulunkulu yamaKrestu, wayevela ebuJudeni.

Imfundiso yamaJuda

Okuqukethwe yimfundiso yayo yiTorah, okungukuthi, umthetho kaNkulunkulu ovezwe ngemiyalo ayinikeza uMose eSinayi. Ngale miyalo, abantu kufanele babuse izimpilo zabo futhi bazithobe entandweni yaphezulu.