Ugwadule iSahara

Ugwadule lwaseSahara luyindawo enkulu yomhlaba esukela e ULwandle Olubomvu kuze kube I-Atlantic Ocean, ezihlala cishe amakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyisishiyagalolunye nengxenye. Ihlanganisa inani eliphelele le- amazwe ayishumi phakathi kwalabo abakhona I-Egypt, Libya, Chad, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia naseMauritania.

Ngaleso sandiso, akufanele kusimangaze ukuthi kunjalo ugwadule olushisayo ngobukhulu emhlabeni nokuthi imboza ama-ecoregion ahlukene, ngalinye lazo linokuhluka kwalo. Ngakho-ke, abahlangani ngalutho i-steppe ne-savanna enokhuni eningizimu yeSahara ne intaba eyi-xerophilous of the Tibesti massif. Futhi ngokufanayo akekho kulaba ababili abedlule abane I-Tanezrouft, enye yezindawo ezimbi kakhulu eMhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngehlane elikhulu laseSahara, sikumema ukuba usijoyine ohambweni lwethu.

Yini ongayibona futhi uyenze ehlane laseSahara

Kunezindawo eziningi ogwadule lwaseSahara esingeke ngisho sikhulume nawe ngazo. Isizathu silula: yizindawo ngakho engenakulinganiswa ukuthi kuphela ochwepheshe abangochwepheshe abazi kahle kakhulu izimfihlo zalawo mazwe abaya kubo. Noma kunjalo, kukhona amanye amasayithi esingavakashela kuwo ukuvakasha okuhleliwe nokuthi bazosikhazimulisa ngobuhle babo. Sizokwazi ezinye zazo.

Ithafa lase-Ennedi

Le ndawo enhle itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye- Chad futhi kubhekwa njengenye yezinto ezikude kakhulu emhlabeni. Izungezwe yisihlabathi nxazonke, ivelele imihosha namathafa ayo amahle.

Amagugu Emhlaba, imvelo yakheke e-Ennedi amakhothamo amakhulu nezinsika. Phakathi kwabokuqala kuvela lokho I-Aloba, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-120 ukuphakama nama-77 ububanzi. Futhi ukwazi ngokulinganayo yilezi Ama-Arches amahlanu, njengoba, njengoba igama layo likhombisa, yakha uhlobo lwengqameko yokunqoba enezikhala ezinhlanu, kanye ne Indlovu Arch, ofana nesiqu se-pachyderm ngisho neso engxenyeni yalo engenhla.

Njengokungathi konke lokhu bekunganele, kule ndawo engathandeki batholile imidwebo lokho kukhombisa ukuthi kwakuhlalwa kulo Holocene (eyinkulungwane yesine BC). Abavelele kakhulu yilabo abasendaweni yase UNiola doa, emele abesifazane abafinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude.

I-Ahaggar massif

Manje sesithuthela eningizimu ye I-Algeria ukuvakashela enye yezindawo eziheha kakhulu eSahara. Kuyisigaxa sezintaba sika-Ahaggar noma Ingulube. Phezu kokuphakama kwayo, isimo sezulu kule ndawo asibi kakhulu kunezinye izindawo ezisehlane, yingakho sivakashelwa izivakashi eziningi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kunikeze lezi zintaba ukwakheka okungenamqondo okunikeza indawo i ukubukeka okungaqondakali. Uma kukho konke lokhu singeza ukuthi yizwe le- imuha, elinye lamadolobha I-tuareg abahlala eSahara, sizoqeda ukuyigoqa le ndawo ngomlingo.

Idolobha elibaluleke kakhulu kule ndawo, lapho kuvela khona ukuvakasha kwabavakashi I-Tamanrasset. Uma ufuna ukwazi idolobha elakhelwe i-oasis eyiqiniso, nakhu lapho uya khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inemnyuziyamu encane yangaphambi komlando nenye ye-geology. Kepha idume kakhulu ngoba isiFulentshi yasungulwa kuyo UCharles de Foucauld, umhloli wamazwe futhi uyimfihlakalo yocingo "Ingokomoya lasehlane".

Isigodi saseMzab

Asishiyanga e-Algeria ukuyohlangana nenye yezimangaliso zaseSahara: isigodi saseMzab, kumenyezelwe Amagugu Emhlaba. Kuyithafa elinamadwala eliwele isigodi esihlala umfula wegama elifanayo.

Kuhlalwa kuyo amantombazane, iqembu lesizwe samaBerber esasatshalaliswa emadolobheni amancane abiyelwe, ngalinye lawo lakhiwa kwelinye lamagquma akule ndawo. Phakathi kwalezi zindawo kukhona UBeni Isguen, ama-mosque awo avela ngekhulu leshumi nambili; melika, IBounoura o Abakwa-Ateuf. Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu IGhardaia, igama elinikezwa naso sonke lesi sakhiwo, nemigwaqo yaso emincane nezindlu zayo ezincane ze-adobe.

INouadhibou, indawo yamathuna omkhumbi ehlane laseSahara

Noma ingakhangi kangako, siletha idolobha laseNouadhibou kule migqa ngoba likhaya lamathuna omkhumbi wonke, into emangazayo ogwadule. Kodwa-ke, itholakala ogwini lwe-Atlantic Ocean Mauritania, lapho iSahara ihlangana nolwandle.

Ufakwe enkingeni enkulu yezomnotho, uHulumeni wezwe wavumela imikhumbi evela emhlabeni wonke ukuthi ishiywe osebeni lwayo. Umphumela uba lapho lapho ungabona cishe amakhulu amathathu abelulaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi akha i- indawo enhle kakhulu.

U-Ait ben haddou

Este Ksar o umuzi obiyelweyo IMoroccan iye yathandwa emhlabeni wonke ngemibala ehlukahlukene ilanga ekhombisa izindlu zayo ze-adobe. Uzoyithola idrayivu yamahora ambalwa ukusuka Marrakech emzileni wakudala owenziwe ngamakamela.

Buhle kanjalo ubuhle buka-Ait Ben Haddou obumenyezelwe Amagugu Emhlaba futhi isebenze njengesizinda sabaningi amabhayisikobho njenge 'Lawrence of Arabia', 'The Jewel of the Nile' noma 'Alexander the Great' nochungechunge lwethelevishini oluthi 'Game of Thrones'.

U-Erg Chebbi, ulwandle lwezindunduma

Futhi itholakala ku- Morocco, lolu lwandle lwezindunduma luthatha cishe amakhilomitha-skwele ayikhulu neshumi futhi nalo luhlaba umxhwele ngempela. Enye yezinto eziheha kakhulu endaweni ukugibela ikamela futhi ulale kuma-jaimas angempela.

Le mizila isuka edolobheni lase IMerzouga. Kuyo ungabona futhi i- IMerzouga Rally, okuyingxenye yesekethe ye-Dakar Series. Futhi inesinye leyenda maqondana nezindunduma zalo. Ithi bazalwa ngokufutheka kukaNkulunkulu lapho izakhamizi zaseMerzouga zenqaba ukusiza umama nezingane zakhe. Ubunkulunkulu bese buvusa isiphepho esibi sesanti esabadala. Izakhamizi zakule ndawo namanje zikholelwa ukuthi zizwa ukukhala okuqhamuka kulezo zindunduma.

I-Uarzazat

Ngaphandle kokushiya Morocco, okunye ukuvakasha khona kanye emnyango weSahara ngu Ouarzazate noma i-Uarzazat, njengoba yaziwa njenge «Isango Logwadule». Itholakala ezansi kwe- izintaba ze-atlas futhi eduze kwalokhu okuthiwa ISouth Oasis.

Ama-Atlas ngokunembile abizwa nge- izifundo zefilimu Yini ekhona edolobheni. Uma phambilini sakhuluma nawe ngo-Ait Ben Haddou njengesizinda samafilimu ahlukene, lokhu bekudalwa kakhulu ukubakhona kwalawa masethi, ahlala cishe amahektha angamashumi amabili futhi enze i-Urzazat inhlokodolobha yefilimu yaseMorocco.

Kepha idolobha linokuningi ongakunika khona. Okokuqala, iyamangalisa futhi igcinwe kahle inqaba yaseTaourit. Kuyinto a kashbah noma inqaba yemvelaphi yaseBerber esenkabeni yedolobha futhi, ngesikhathi sayo, kwakuyindawo yokuhlala iPasha yaseMarrakech. Kuvame ukuqhathaniswa nenqaba enkulu yesihlabathi ebhishi. Futhi isithombe esinembile ngoba izindonga zayo ze-adobe nemibhoshongo yaso emikhulu maphakathi nobukhulu begwadule ziyinikeza leso sici.

IFezzan, ingxenye yaseLibya yasehlane laseSahara

Indawo yaseFezzan mhlawumbe yingxenye ebabazekayo kakhulu ye- ISahara yaseLibya. Kuyisikhala esibanzi lapho ugwadule luhlanganiswa khona nezintaba nezigodi ezomile, kepha, ngaphezu kwakho konke, lapho amabanga athile ethize kuvela i-oasis evumela impilo kubantu abakhelwe kuyo.

Le ndawo yaseSahara ikunikeza imihlaba ehlaba umxhwele njengentaba-mlilo yentaba-mlilo yase I-Waw-an-Namus, ngobukhulu bukabani iqiniso lokuthi lakha i-oasis namachibi amathathu okufakelwa kuzokunikeza umbono. Futhi nolwandle lwesihlabathi se Murzuq, nezindunduma zawo ezinkulu; ezikhethekile Izintaba zase-Akakus, ezinokuma kwazo okuyindumezulu, noma izihlahla zesundu nemhlanga ezisemaphethelweni echibi elinosawoti lase Umm-al-Maa, insalela yasendulo ichibi i-megafezzan eyayinkulu njengeNgilandi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, idolobha elibaluleke kakhulu kule ndawo Sabha, idolobha elise-oasis elinabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu lapho kukhulela khona uMuhamad el Gaddafi, owayengumholi waseLibya. Kepha kukhona ezinye ezincane ezifana IGhat, Murzuq o UGadhamis.

INtaba i-Uweinat, ama-hieroglyphs angaqondakali

Isigaxa se-Uweinat sisatshalaliswa phakathi I-Egypt, ILibya uqobo neSudan. Izungezwe ugwadule lwaseSahara, kodwa futhi inezindawo ezivundile ezinjengezo I-Bahariya o UFarafra. Le ndawo ingumazibuthe onamandla kubahambi abathanda ukuzijabulisa.

Kepha, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuyabonakala ngoba ethafeni lase UGilf kebir Kubaziwe ematsheni futhi sibongile ezindala kakhulu ezimele zonke izinhlobo zezilwane. Atholwe ngumhloli wamazwe waseGibhithe U-Ahmed Hassanein Pasha ngo-1923. Lona wahamba amakhilomitha angamashumi amane kuleyo ndawo, kepha akakwazanga ukufika kuze kube sekupheleni ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ngaphezulu.

Ekugcineni, kule ndawo kuyamangaza Umgodi weKebira, okwaba umphumela womthelela we-meteorite owenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-XNUMX edlule futhi uhlanganisa indawo enkulu engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezine namakhulu amahlanu.

Kunini lapho kufanele uye ehlane laseSahara

Njengoba ungase ucabange, iSahara inayo esinye sezimo sezulu esibi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi indawo enkulu kangaka yomhlaba, ngamandla, ukwethula isimo sezulu esihlukile. Kodwa-ke, cishe konke ukungabikho kwemvula nokushisa okukhulu, okungafinyelela kalula kuma-degree Celsius angamashumi amahlanu nanhlanu, kujwayelekile kukho konke.

Eqinisweni, entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuvakashela ogwadule kwenzeka kuphela lapho kushona ilanga. Ngakho-ke, izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zokuya eSahara yilezi ekwindla nasebusika, ikakhulukazi izinyanga eziqala ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari.

Futhi, ngohambo, kufanele uhlale ukhetha i- ihlelekile. Awungeke ufake le colossus yesihlabathi ngaphandle kwe- umhlahlandlela ofanelekayo ngoba impilo yakho ingaba sengozini enkulu.

Ungafika kanjani eSahara

Asikwazi ukuncoma indlela eyodwa yokufika kuleli hlane elikhulu. Isizathu ukuthi ungasondela usuka emazweni ahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, into ejwayelekile ukuthi undizela edolobheni eliseduzane bese uqasha, njengoba sishilo, abanye ukuvakashelwa okuhlelekile.

Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukuvakashela iSahara yaseMorocco, ungandizela emadolobheni afana nalawa Marrakech futhi, lapho usufikile, funa izindawo zokuvakasha. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ama-ejensi akhethekile asevele ekunikeza iphakethe lonke lokuhamba ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe.

Ekuphetheni, ihlane laseSahara enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni phakathi kwemfudumalo. Imboza amazwe amaningana futhi ikunikeza izimangaliso zemvelo, amadolobha wamaphupho phansi kwama-oases nokuqoshwa okungaqondakali ematsheni awo okusukela esikhathini sokuqala. Ngabe ulinge ukwazi le colossus yomhlaba wethu?