Abavubukuli baqinisekisile ukuthi iChina yaqala ukuhlwanyela irayisi okungenani iminyaka engu-3.000 4.000 kuya kwengu-1970 XNUMX edlule. Ngawo-XNUMX, kwembiwa izimbewu zerayisi ezinokusanhlamvu okude okusanhlamvu emadwaleni aseNeolithic eYuyao Hemudu, esifundazweni saseZhejiang, amarekhodi okuqala okutshalwa kwelayisi eChina, nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Ngesikhathi umbuso wobukhosi baseZhou osentshonalanga (c. 1100 BC - C 771 BC) ususemandleni, ilayisi selamukelwe kahle futhi libaluleke kakhulu, njengoba kungabonakala emibhalweni yemikhumbi yethusi esetshenziswa njengeziqukathi zokugcina irayisi. Ngalesi sikhathi, irayisi laliyingxenye eyinhloko yedili lezicukuthwane.
Ngesikhathi Sentwasahlobo Nokwindla (770 BC - 476 BC), irayisi laba yingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwamaShayina. Kamuva, eningizimu yeChina, ikakhulukazi ngokuthuthukiswa kwamasu amakhulu ezolimo ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sobukhosi bukaHan (206 BC - 220 AD), irayisi lenyuka laba yindawo ebalulekile emasikweni amaShayina.
Ukulima ilayisi kwaholela ekwakhiweni komjikelezo wokuphila wezomnotho ogxile kwezolimo: ukulima entwasahlobo, ukhula ehlobo, ukuvuna ekwindla, nokuqoqa ebusika. E-China yasendulo, inqwaba yomhlaba, kufaka phakathi izingxenye zanamuhla ezimaphakathi nezingaphansi zesifunda soMfula i-Yangtze nasenyakatho neChina, bekulungele ukutshala irayisi, iningi lamaShayina lisebenza umhlaba ngendlela encane kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezahlukene konyaka.
Ukulima ilayisi kwaba nomthelela kwezinye izici eziningi zomnotho wasendulo waseChina. Isibonelo, ezolimo zaseChina zazixhomeke kuzindlela zobuciko zokunisela ukuze zisebenze. Ukubaluleka kokunisela kuchazwe ku-Histories Twenty-Four, iqoqo lezincwadi zemilando ezineminyaka engu-4.000 zomlando wase-China, eliqophe umlando we-dynastic kusukela kudala kuya eMing Dynasty (1368-1644).
IChina yakhelwe kwezolimo. Ngesikhathi esingaphambi kweQin Dynasty (221 BC - 206 BC), irayisi lase liphenduke ukudla okulungiselelwe ngokukhethekile. Yayisetshenziselwa nokwenza iwayini futhi yanikelwa njengomhlatshelo konkulunkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, irayisi lenziwa ngobumnandi lenziwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla, okwabamba iqhaza elibalulekile emikhosini eminingi yendabuko yamaChina.
Okokuqala, ilayisi liyingxenye emaphakathi yeSidlo seNtwasahlobo (noma inyanga yonyaka omusha) kusihlwa ngoKhisimusi. Kulesi senzakalo, imindeni yamaShayina ukuthi ikhekhe lonyaka omusha nekhekhe eliphekiwe elenziwe ngofulawa liphenduke elayisi elikhazimulayo. Ikhekhe libizwa ngokuthi «gao» ngesiShayina, i-homophony kwenye i- «Gao», okusho ukuthi yima. Abantu badla lawa maqebelengwane ngethemba lokuthi kuzoba nokuvuna okungcono nesimo esincono onyakeni omusha.
Amakhekhe nesidlo sakusihlwa sikaNcibijane kufanekisela izifiso zabantu zekusasa elingcono. Okwesibili, amabhola erayisi enziwa ngobusuku bosuku lwesi-15 lwenyanga yokuqala yenyanga yokuqala. Lolu usuku lokuqala ungabona inyanga egcwele yoNyaka Omusha ngamunye. Abantu badla amakhekhe erayisi, aziwa ngokuthi yiYuanxiao enyakatho neTangyuan eningizimu ("yuan" kubhekiswa ekwanelisekeni ngesiShayina), bonke benethemba lokuthi izophuma lapho beyifuna.