U-Ondense Manuel Alfonso Ortells manje uhlala eBordeaux.
U-Ondense Manuel Alfonso Ortells wayengomunye wabaseSpain abangaphezu kuka-10.000 XNUMX abadingiselwa emakamu okuhlushwa nakwabambalwa abasele namuhla abazobika ngayo. UManuel Alfonso Ortells ungumdwebi wamakhathuni. Kusindise impilo yakhe ukuyosebenza ehhovisi ngokwakha insimu nokwenza umdwebo wezithombe zocansi ngenhloso yokuthola isabelo sokudla. Ku-94, uhlala eBordeaux. Lapho ugcina umcebo wakhe: ifolda egcwele imidwebo eyenziwe ngephepha lezinhlelo zensimu. Akaphindanga wabuyela eSpain wayohlala.
UManuel Alfonso Ortells wazalwa ngo-1918, futhi ngokusho kuka umbiko oshicilelwe ngu-El PaísKusukela ezingxoxweni zokuqala ocingweni, lo muntu ongabonakali unikeza umbono wendoda engazinzile efisa ukuhlanganyela ulwazi lwayo emakamu amaNazi. Njengamanje ngihamba ngesihlalo esinamasondo, unomoya omuhle noma ngabe ukhumbula izehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu. Unomusa, uyahlekisa, unovalo, njengoba kuvezwe encwadini yakhe yokuphila kwakhe Ukusuka eBarcelona kuya eMauthausen. Iminyaka eyishumi yokuphila kwami. Wayibhala ngo-1984, njengoba esho, ngekhanda futhi engafundanga neze okwenzeka kwabanye ababedingisiwe. Ngaphambi kokuthola umshicileli, wenza amakhophi angama-60 ngesandla, esebenzisa amakhophi, enzelwa izingane zakhe, abangani bakhe nezindawo zokugcina umlando; bonke babehlukile.
Kusukela esemncane wayezifela ngezithombe ezikulo magazini Tbo, ukuze wafunda ukudweba esikoleni se-ceramic sase-Onda (Castellón). Ekugqashukeni kweMpi Yombango wazinikela kuDuruti Column wasenganekwaneni, wayephambili e-Aragon; Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, waqokwa njengosayitsheni futhi empini wadutshulwa ngomshini eduze komngcele. Wakwazi ukubalekela eFrance, lapho ayezonyathela khona imikhakha eyahlukahlukene yaseFrance futhi abhalise ezinkampanini zabasebenzi bakwamanye amazwe. Kwenye yazo, eSeptfonts, wakwazi ukuthenga ngasese, uma kungenzeka, ipensela, iphedi yokudweba nephepha lokubhala ukuze athumele izincwadi kunina. Lokho kwakuyigugu lakhe alithanda kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.
Ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kwaqina, iParis yawa ngoJuni 1940, kanti uPétain wasayina i-armistice neJalimane. Ama-Ortell athunjwa yi-German Army eSt. Dié (Vosges) yadluliselwa eStalag XI B, lapho adwebe khona ikhophi yepensela yesithombe sikanina, efanayo naleyo akwazi ukuyifihla ekamu laseMauthausen, evimbela ukubhekwa kwamaNazi futhi manje akusibonisa ngokuziqhenya kwakhe.
“Ngesikhathi sifika ngesitimela sasibaningi bethu, cishe bangu-800, futhi babengazi ukuthi bazokwenzenjani ngathi sonke! Basifaka enkanjini nazo zonke izimpahla zethu. Ngakusebenzisa lokho ngafihla izinto, amapensela, iphepha, izithombe, umdwebo wesithombe sikamama, konke ngokushesha, ngokushesha ... kumatilasi. Abazange basibhalise kuze kube ngakusasa, okwakuyivelakancane kakhulu. Lowo mdwebo wawunami kwaze kwaba yilapho kukhululwa, kufihlwe ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphansi kwamakhwapha ngesikhathi kuhlolwa ikamu ... ”. Umdwebo wasindisa impilo yakhe, uyaphinda njalo. Ukuthanda kwakhe ukudweba nokusayina nenyoni encane, okuwuphawu lwesifiso sakhe senkululeko, kwaba yisinqumo sokuthi abizwe ngegama elithi El Pajarito. Ngobuhlakani bakhe, kancane kancane wazuza ukwethenjwa abaphathi bakhe, wenza imidwebo yozakwabo asebenza nabo kanye namakhadi kaKhisimusi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi athole ingxenye eyengeziwe yokudla esikhundleni semidwebo yezithombe zocansi.
Cishe izinyanga ezinhlanu wasebenza kwaze kwaphela umkhawulo wamandla akhe emyalweni waseStrassenbau, obekelwe ukwakhiwa komgwaqo waseMauthausen. Indlala, ukusebenza nokubanda, kubanda kakhulu, ebusika. Kungazelelwe, ngo-May 1941, bammangalela ku babüro, ihhovisi lonjiniyela nabakhi bezakhiwo lapho kwakwenziwa khona amapulani okwakhiwa kwensimu. Bamnika isivivinyo, wasiphasa futhi wasebenza lapho kwaze kwaba usuku lokukhululwa kwakhe. “Kwakuneziboshwa zokwakha okwakunguPoland, Czechs, Yugoslavs, Belgians, ezinye French; i uhlobo WayengumJalimane, futhi kwakukhona abane baseSpain: uMunoz, umculi waseValencian nomdwebi; UPérez, umqambi wezinsimbi osemusha waseMadrid, nabanye ababili ababengama-oda e-SS. Ngaze ngabona nomdwebi omuhle ongumJuda waseRussia, uSmolianoff, owayengumqophi owaqola imali yamaphepha esiNgisi egameni lamaNazi ”. Enkambeni waphinde wahlangana no-Otto Peltzer, umgijimi waseGerman owanqoba amamitha angama-800 kuma-Olympic Games eLos Angeles ngo-1932. Waboshwa eMauthausen ngenxa yobungqingili nokuphikisana nemibono yamaNazi.
Ngokushesha wabona omunye umcimbi owawuzomthusa futhi ayezowubonisa komunye wemidwebo yakhe ecece futhi enemibala emihle. Enkwalini, abanye AmaJuda angamaDashi akhwela ezinyathelweni eziyi-186 ephakamisa u-stretcher nabangane bawo abafile futhi begazi. "Ngabona leli thimba leziboshwa engilidwebile lihambisa abafileyo babo izingalo zabo zilenga phansi nezitebhisi ezinamathambo egazi kwabanye nabo abafile." Usho ngenkathi ekhombisa umdwebo wakhe Ubumbano, lapho kukhombisa khona usizo lowadingiswa egqoke isudi enemigqa kwesinye isiboshwa ngaphandle kwamandla okuma. ISpanish Federation of Deported and Political Internees (FEDIP), eyakhiwa ngo-1945 yahlakazeka ngonyaka we-2000, yeza ukuzotapa lo mdwebo ngendlela yesitembu sokuposa.
Ngemuva kwenkululeko, u-Ortells wazinza eBordeaux; Wayengakwazi ukuzinikela ngobungcweti ekudwebeni, kepha ezinye zazisetshenziselwa ukufanekisa izincwadi. Uhlangane nomkakhe, uNatividad Eguiluz, owashada naye ngo-1949 futhi waba nezingane. Ngaphambi kokuvala i-scrapbook sakhe, u-Ortells ukhipha umdwebo owodwa wokugcina, lowo azenzele wona eBordeaux. Uhleli phezu kofudu ukuze ahambise, ulandela umcibisholo okhomba indlela eya eSpain. Ukuhleka kuyachaza: “Impela, Ngazidweba kanjena, njengomuntu owayengajahile ukubuya, ngejubane lomnenke".
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