AmaCordilleras aseColombia

Uma ngolunye usuku ufuna ukuhamba uthole izindawo ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni, unganqikazi kakhulu futhi ulungiselele uhambo lokwazi iCordilleras yaseColombia. Uhla lwezintaba i-Andes luyintambo ebabazekayo futhi ebaluleke kakhulu eLatin America futhi ehlukanisa indawo yaseColombia ibe ngamagatsha amathathu azimele: i-Western Cordillera, i-Central Cordillera ne-Eastern Cordillera.

ICordillera de los Andes ingena eColombia ngengxenye eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe futhi ihlukaniswe ngamaketanga amabili: I-Western Cordillera neCentral Cordillera. ICentral Mountain Range ihlukanisa amagatsha amabili abe yiColombia Massif noma i-Almaguer's Nude, okwenza kube ne-Eastern Mountain Range. Lokho okubizwa ngePacific Ring of Fire nakho kuyathandwa kakhulu ngoba yakhiwe yizintaba-mlilo eziningi futhi iyatholakala kule ndawo. Intaba-mlilo iGaleras etholakala eduze nedolobha lasePasto neNevado del Ruiz okuyi-volcano futhi edume ngomsebenzi wabo wakamuva.

Yini ibanga lezintaba?

Ngaphambi kokubona ukuthi yiziphi izintaba ezibaluleke kakhulu eColombia, ake sichaze yini intaba.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kobubanzi bezintaba, amaketanga noma uhlelo lwezintaba, noma nje izintaba ..? Hhayi-ke ngizozama ukukuchazela yona. Uma siya kwisichazamazwi bese sibheka uhla lwezintaba, lukuchaza ngokuthi: ukulandelana kwezintaba ezixhunyaniswe ndawonye. Ngalo mqondo wehlukile kwi-sierra enombolweni yezintaba, enkulu kune-cordillera. Ake sithi izintaba ukuhlukaniswa esikwenza ebangeni lezintaba.

Kwakhiwa kanjani uhla lwezintaba

Manje uma simba ngokujula kancane, futhi sikubona ngombono wokuma komhlaba, ngizokutshela lokho izintaba zakhiwe izindawo ezigoqiwe noma isigaba sokugoqwa. Ezingxenyeni ezinde ezinqenqemeni lwamazwekazi, kunqwabelana inani elikhulu lezinto zokwakheka komhlaba, uma lezi zicindezelwa kakhulu ezibangelwa ukuqhuma okulandelayo, ziyagoqeka futhi zikhuphuke, okwenza kube nokwakhiwa kwamaketanga ezintaba. Yile ndlela okwakhiwe ngayo iningi lezintaba ezinkulu zezwekazi, njenge-Himalaya e-Asia, i-Andes eseNingizimu Melika noma i-European Alps.

Le nqubo yokuhamba, ebangela ukugoqwa kungaba:

• Ngokushayisana phakathi kwamapuleti amabili ezwekazi i-lithosphere, Ipuleti elingaphandle lomhlaba, elinokujula okuguquguqukayo phakathi kwamakhilomitha ayi-10 kuya kwangama-50, liyancipha, ligoqeke noma liphuke futhi likhuphule izintaba (ngokwenzekayo, lokhu kuyafana nezintaba). Ngakho kwakheka uhla lwezintaba zeHimalaya, oluphakeme kakhulu ebusweni. Lezi zintaba zinabela emazweni amaningana: IBhutan, iNepal, iChina neNdiya futhi kuyo sithola iziqongo eziyishumi kweziyishumi nane zokuphakama okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10, ezingaphezulu kogu lolwandle kuyo yonke iplanethi.
• Ngokushayisana, kodwa ngaphakathi kwamapuleti amabili we-tectonic. AmaPyrenees anikezwa njengesibonelo.
• Ngokushayisana phakathi kwepuleti lasolwandle kanye neplani yezwekazi, khona-ke uqweqwe lwasolwandle luyacwila. Isibonelo esijwayelekile intaba yase-Andes, okuyintaba ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi kuyo sithola izintaba-mlilo eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni.

Ama-atmospheric agents njengamanzi noma umoya, kanye nohlaza uqobo nezimpawu zenhlabathi, angenelela futhi abumbe izintaba. Konje Akunabubanzi bezintaba kuphela eMhlabeni, kwamanye amaplanethi, njengeMars, kukhona futhi, edume kakhulu yiTarsisi.

Ilukuluku, akwaziwa ukuthi iyiphi intaba endala kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kepha i-tepui noma i-tepui isigaba samathafa aqine kakhulu, anezindonga eziqondile. Kuthiwa lezi zinhlobo zezintaba yizona zakhiwo ezindala kakhulu, ngoba imvelaphi yazo ivela ku-Precambrian. Kepha namanje asazi okuningi ngobuso bolwandle.

Amabhibhi wasolwandle

Tfuthi ngikhulumile ngezintaba "esizibonayo" kodwa kukhona futhi izintaba zezintaba olwandle, yizona ezibizwa ngemikhumbi yasolwandle, empeleni ezakha uhlelo lwezintaba olubanzi kakhulu, olungaba amakhilomitha angama-60.000 XNUMX ubude. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufuduswa kwamapuleti we-tectonic.

Ukuphakama okumaphakathi kwalezi zintaba ezingaphansi kwamanzi kungamamitha angu-2.000 3.000 kuya ku-XNUMX. Lolu hlobo lobubanzi bezintaba lunokukhululeka okumangele kakhulu, okunemithambeka ebanzi nemikhawulo evame ukuphawulwa ngoqhekeko olude olude, olubizwa nge-sinkhole noma uqhekeko, lapho ukuzamazama komhlaba okuphezulu nokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu. Ngalezi zinsalela ezinqwabelana emaphethelweni, ukushuba koqweqwe lwentaba-mlilo kukhula kancane kancane.

Kwezinye izingxenye zoLwandlekazi iAtlantic igebe lihamba cishe ngamasentimitha ama-2 ngonyaka, ngenkathi empumalanga yePacific lihamba ngokushesha, cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-14.

Ezinye izintaba kulezi zindawo zikhuphukele ngaphezu kogu lolwandle futhi zenze iziqhingi zezintaba-mlilo ezinjenge-Iceland.

AmaCordilleras aseColombia

I-Western Cordillera

I-Western Cordillera inobude obungamakhilomitha ayi-1.200 futhi iqhubekela enyakatho ezweni lonke isuka eNudo de los Pastos emnyangweni weNariño eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeColombia iye eNudo de Paramillo emnyangweni waseCórdoba, osenyakatho yezwe.

Izintaba eziphakeme kunazo zonke eNtshonalanga Cordillera zi-ngokulandelana kokuphakama-:

• Intaba-mlilo iCumbal: amamitha angu-4.764 ukuphakama.
• Intaba-mlilo yaseChile: 4.748 m ukuphakama.
• Intaba-mlilo i-Azufral: 4.070 m ukuphakama.
• IFarallones de Cali: kusuka ku-200 kuye ku-4.280 m ukuphakama.
• ITatamá Hill: 4.200 m ukuphakama.
• I-Solamil Paramillo noma iParamillo del Sinú: kusuka ku-100 kuye ku-3.960 m ukuphakama.
• UMunchique Hill: 3.012 m ukuphakama.

Ibanga Lasentabeni Eliphakathi

ICordillera emaphakathi isuka kuNudo de Almaguer noma eColombia Massif emnyangweni weCauca iye eSerranía de San Lucas de Bolívar enyakatho yeColombia. Uhla oluphakeme kakhulu lwezintaba ezweni elinamanani angaphezu kwamamitha angu-5.700 1.000 ukuphakama futhi lunobude obungamakhilomitha ayi-XNUMX XNUMX.

Izintaba eziphakeme kunazo zonke zeCentral Cordillera zi-ngokulandelana kokuphakama-:

• INevado del Huila: 5.750 m ukuphakama.
• INevado del Ruiz: 5.321 m ukuphakama.
• INevado del Tolim: 5.216 m ukuphakama.
• INevado de Santa Isabel: 5.150 m ukuphakama.
• INevado del Cisne: 4.800 m ukuphakama.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, inezintaba eziphakeme impela ukuthi ukuzibona usekude vele kuyamangaza ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Akungabazeki ukuthi ziyizimangaliso zemvelo iColombia enenhlanhla yokuba nazo. Baningi abantu abahamba kulentaba ngenhloso yokwazi lezi zintaba futhi bajabulele bonke ubuhle bazo bukhoma.

I-Eastern Cordillera

ICordillera esempumalanga iyintaba enkulu kunazo zonke ezweni enobude obungeqi ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha ayi-1.200 XNUMX. Le ntaba isuka kufindo i-Almaguer ifinyelele ebangeni lezintaba iPerijá, emnyangweni weLa Guajira, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeColombia.

ICordillera ihlukaniswe ngamagatsha amabili: uhla lwezintaba iMotilones oludlulela ngasenyakatho nentaba yaseTáchira ewela umngcele ophakathi kweColombia neVenezuela.

Izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu eMpumalanga Cordillera ziyi- ngokulandelana kokuphakama-:

• ISierra Nevada del Cocuy: 5.330 m ukuphakama.
• I-moor yeSumapaz: 3.820 m ukuphakama.
• IPáramo de Pisba: 3.800 m ukuphakama.
• ISierra de Perijá: 3.750 m ukuphakama.
• I-moor yeChoachí: 2.980 m ephakeme.

Futhi nasempumalanga yeCordillera singathola amathafa amahle, futhi ngobuhle obukhulu nokubaluleka kweColombia. Agqamile:

• I-savannah yaseBototá: amamitha ayi-2.600 ukuphakama, lapho kutholakala khona idolobha laseBototá.
• Indawo yase-Ubaté: 2.570 m ukuphakama.
• Isigodi Sogamoso: 2.570 m ukuphakama.

Ukuphakama komhlaba okubaluleke kakhulu eColombia

Ngaphezu kwezintaba ze-Andes nakho konke okukhulunywe ngenhla, kukhona ukuphakama komhlaba okubaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke amaColombia naseLatin America okuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi wazi, uma kwenzeka ngelinye ilanga unentshisekelo yokuhambela amazwe abo ukwazi lezi zimangaliso zomhlaba.

ISierra Nevada de Santa Marta

Itholakala emathafeni asogwini lweCaribbean. Inwebeka ngeminyango yaseMagdalena, iCesar neLa Guajira. Inokuphakama kwamamitha angu-5.775 (amamitha ayi-18.947) ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Isiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke ongasithola esikaCristóbal Colón silandelwe nguSimón Bolívar. Yintaba ephakeme kakhulu embozwe yiqhwa eColombia. Le ntaba inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-17.000.

IMontes de María noma intaba yaseSan Jacinto

Itholakala phakathi kweminyango yaseBolívar neSucre emathafeni asogwini lweCaribbean.Iphakeme ngamamitha ayi-810.

ISerranía de la Macuira

Itholakala eMnyangweni weLa Guajira futhi inokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-810. Futhi inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-250.

ISerranía del Darién

Itholakala emnyangweni waseChocó. Isifunda somngcele ophakathi kweColombia nePanama. Inokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1.910 eTacurcuna Hill.

ISerranía del Baudo

Itholakala emnyangweni waseChocó, eduze nogu lolwandle iPacific Ocean. Ihlukaniswe nemicengezi yemifula i-Atrato neBaudo futhi iyafana nogu olunezithombe ezinhle zezintaba ngasolwandle. Inokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1.810.

ISerranía de la Macarena

Itholakala eMnyangweni weMeta, eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Eastern Cordillera. Inokuphakama kwamamitha acishe abe ngu-2.000 625. Ungathola indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-XNUMX.

ISerranía del Perijá noma iSerranía de los Motilones endaweni eseningizimu

Itholakala eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeColombia. Isebenza njengomngcele oyingxenye neVenezuela phakathi kweminyango yaseLa Guajira neNorte de Santander. Inokuphakama kwamamitha angama-287.

Ukuphakama kweningizimu-mpumalanga

Atholakala emaThafeni aseMpumalanga. Amagquma asakazeke njenge-Iguaje neYambi ngamathafa aphansi, kanye neSierra de Araracuara.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, amaCordilleras aseColombia anokuningi okufanele akhombise umhlaba, futhi ubuhle bawo bunzima ukushaya.