I-cumbia, isigqi esimele iColombia

La I-cumbia yaseColombia Ingenye yezimpawu zobunikazi zikazwelonke ze Colombia. Lolu hlobo lomculo nomdanso wesintu udabuka ogwini lwaseCaribbean, yize lwaziwa kahle futhi lujatshulelwa ezweni lonke.

Isigqi senjabulo se-cumbia sikhona kuyo yonke imikhosi yaseColombia, iba yisifaniselo sephathi.

Umsuka weCumbia waseColombia

Njengokunye ukubonakaliswa okuningi kwamasiko aseMelika, icumbia yazalwa nge ukuxubana kwamasiko ehlukene. Kulokhu, i-syncretism yenziwa kuyo yonke i- Ugu lwe-Atlantic lwaseColombia, ukuhlanganisa izinto zomculo we abomdabu, of the isi-spanish kanye ne Abamnyama base-Afrika eza eMelika njengezigqila.

Yize kunezimpikiswano ezishubile ngakho, izifundiswa ziyavuma ukuthi zivelile ukuthi zivelaphi ku- Ikhulu XVIII. Mhlawumbe izingoma zomdabu zazinesisindo esithe xaxa emculweni ngenkathi imidanso yase-Afrika inethonya emdansweni futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, nesigqi esimakwa yizigubhu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ulimi lwamagama we-cumbia luhlala lunguSpanishi. Umphumela wayo yonke le ngxube emangalisayo ungumphumela wakho konke okungenhla.

Kwamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi igama elithi cumbia lithathelwa leli gama kumbe o kumbe, okuthi kwezinye izilimi zase-Afrika kungasho iphathi, umsindo noma isigubhu (imvelaphi yayo ye-etymological ayicaci kahle). Isichazamazwi seRoyal Spanish Academy sichaza igama elithi cumbia ngokuthi “umdanso omnyama”.

Kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka, i-cumbia yaseColombia iye yanabela kulo lonke elaseLatin America. Namuhla, ukuguqulwa kwendawo kwe-cumbia kungatholakala emazweni ahlukahlukene njenge-Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, naseVenezuela.

Ngo-2006, lo magazini Semana, ovela eBogotá wahlela ivoti elidumile i-cumbia eqanjwa ngalo "Uphawu lwamasiko eColombia".

Umculo nezinsimbi zomculo

I-Los izinsimbi zomculo ezishaywayo Bangabaphikisi abakhulu beCumbia cumbia, yize kungebona bodwa. Eqinisweni, ubunjalo kathathu balo mculo bubonakala nasensimbi esetshenziswa ama-cumbiamberos: the amadubhu, Umnikelo wamasiko wase-Afrika, ubeka isigqi esikhulu. Basekelwa yi amapayipi, odabuka eSpain, kanye ne umhlanga webele, ithuluzi lomdabu lendabuko.

Izigubhu

Ziyizinto eziyinhloko ze-cumbia. Lezi yizona ezivelele kakhulu:

• Ishayela isigubhu, ekhombisa isendlalelo sangemuva socezu lomculo.
• Isigubhu esijabulisayo, ebeka isigqi somculo.
• I-Tambora. Kuyinsimbi yomdabu (engeyona eye-Afrika). Idlalwa ngokuthinta ekhanda ngesandla nangezinqe zebhokisi ezenziwe ngokhuni ngezinti.

Amapayipi esikhwama

Kukhona nezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• I-bagpipe yesilisa, i-cadence.
• Umabhebhana wesifazane, ngomculo.
• I-bagpipe emfushane, esetshenziswa njengethuluzi elilodwa.

Umhlanga

Lokhu kuyinsimbi yomoya yomdabu wendabuko efana nomtshingo ohamba phambili. Njengoba igama layo likhombisa, yenziwa ngomoba wamabele, yize kukhona nethambo noma uqalo. Utolika waziwa njenge ecindy.

Ezinye izinsimbi ezibamba iqhaza ku-cumbia yaseColombia futhi ziyinike umbala yilezi maracas, the inkositini, the gouache futhi i i-clarinet, phakathi kwabanye.

Izembatho ezijwayelekile ze-cumbia yaseColombia

Ukubabazekayo nokuvezwa kwe-cumbia yaseColombia kuyanda lapho abadansi begqoka i- imvunulo yesintu.

La mujer ugqoka ingubo enesiketi esibanzi, esibizwa nangokuthi "i-pollera", ehlotshiswe kahle ngamabhande kanye ne-bolero ngemibala yefulegi laseColombia ezansi. Phezulu, ama-blouses anemikhono ekhukhumele futhi ashiya amahlombe evulekile.

Isudi ye indoda kulula: ibhulukwe, ihembe elimhlophe nesikhafu esibomvu (esibizwa ngokuthi "umsila weqhude") entanyeni. Ngenhla kwekhanda lakhe, okwendabuko isigqoko se-vueltiao okujwayelekile esifundeni esisogwini.

Kokubili isiketi sowesifazane nesigqoko sowesilisa yizinto ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emidansweni eyahlukene nakwimidwebo yomculo waseColombia.

Imidanso kanye nemidwebo yokulandelela ye-cumbia yaseColombia

ICumbia iyi- umdanso wesiko lokujola. Abesilisa nabesifazane bangena esiteji besuka ezinhlangothini eziphambene, bese bejoyina futhi badanse bezungeza i-orchestra kuze kube yisigqi sezigubhu. Ihubo lisebenza kakhulu. Kuhlelo ividiyo Isibonelo esihle sikhonjisiwe ngenhla.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemidanso nama-choreographies e-cumbia yaseColombia, kufaka phakathi okuhlukile kwesifunda okuvelele. Lezi yizona izindlela ezidume kakhulu, yize kukhona okuningi:

ICumbia sabanera

Okujwayelekile kwe- iminyango yaseSucre, iCórdoba neBolívar. Le cumbia ihlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa kwensimbi ebizwa ngokuthi iqabunga likalamula, oveza umsindo othambile.

UCumbiamba

Ngokomculo, lokhu okuhlukile kufaka izinyathelo ezengeziwe nezigqi ezifana ne-pasodoble noma i-tango. Ngesikhathi esidumile I-Carnival yaseBarranquilla Kusinwa emigqeni emibili emide, owabesilisa omunye owabesifazane. Zonke zihamba ngokwenza i-trot ebizwa cumbion.

ICumbia vallenata

Ukucaciswa kwayo okuvelele kakhulu ukufakwa kwe- inkositini, insimbi esetshenziswe kuma-vallenatos. Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlobo lwe-cumbia kusenezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene njenge-slow and cadenciosa cumbiya maya noma i i-perrillero, idlalwe ngesigqi esisheshayo.