Umlando nokwenziwa kwamakoloni eVenezuela

Umlando nokwenziwa kwamakoloni eVenezuela

I-Los imvelaphi yeVenezuela Babuyela esikhathini lapho indawo yabo ingahle igcwale ukufuduka kwamaMelika, ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule. Kodwa-ke, okwaziwa ngomlando kusuka emibhalweni etholakele, empeleni kuqala ngokufika kwabaseSpain bokuqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-1777. Kuze kwaba ngo-1527 lapho iVenezuela isungulwa njengombuso ovela kuCaptaincy General waseVenezuela, ngaleso sikhathi okwakuyikoloni laseSpain elasungulwa ngo-XNUMX.  

Abahlali bokuqala baseVenezuela

Umlando nokwenziwa kwamakoloni eVenezuela

Umuntu wokuqala ukuvela kulokho manje okwaziwa ngokuthi iVenezuela cishe eminyakeni engama-30.000 edlule futhi yaqhamuka e-Amazon, eCaribbean nase-Andes. Abantu bokuqala eVenezuela babehambisana namaqembu abantu abafika kulezi zindawo ngesikhathi seLate Pleistocene, okungenzeka ukuthi bavela enyakatho. Kusukela kulo mzuzu baqala ukungena ogwini olusenyakatho yeVenezuela.

Ezinye zezindawo lapho kutholakala iminonjana yalesi sibalo zifaka phakathi UMuaco, Taima-Taima no-El Jobo. Kumele kuthiwe ukuba khona kwalaba bantu bokuqala baseVenezuela kwaqala okungenani ngonyaka we-13000 BC Ngaleso sikhathi, abantu ababehlala endaweni manje eyiFalcón, babelana ngendawo yabo nezilwane ezahlukahlukene eziningi, kufaka phakathi ama-glyptodonts, megaterios nama-toxodonts.

Amaqembu Omdabu

Umlando nokwenziwa kwamakoloni eVenezuela

El Isikhathi sendabuko saseVenezuela siqala ngonyaka we-1000 BCKodwa-ke, ukukhula kwayo kwehlukile ngokuya ngezifunda. Okuyiqiniso ukuthi kunentuthuko kwezolimo phakathi kwamaqembu ahlukene. Cishe isigamu sesigidi sabantu kulokho okuyinsimu yaseVenezuela njengamanje, ngabe bavela enyakatho, mhlawumbe esifundeni saseCalabozo, entshonalanga, i-Andes kanye nasenyakatho yeCaribbean.

Ngaleso sikhathi abantu bomdabu baseVenezuela kwakungu ama-chibchas endaweni yase-Andes, i- ama-caribs endaweni cishe yawo wonke amachibi, ngaphezu kwe ama-arawakos, kuleli cala elalisendaweni esogwini. Engxenyeni eseningizimu yeVenezuela kwakuyi- awu noma i ama-guajiros. Kuyaziwa ukuthi insimu yeVenezuela yanamuhla yayihluke kakhulu ngesikhathi sangaphambi kweColombia. Amaqembu endabuko ahlukene eVenezuela kukholakala ukuthi angamalungu okungenani angama-16 ahlukene ezilimi, kufaka phakathi:

  • Umndeni wakwa-Arawak
  • Umndeni waseCaribbean
  • Umndeni
  • chwa
  • Umndeni wakwaGuajibana
  • Thayipha umndeni
  • Umndeni wakwaYanomama

Isikhathi sekoloni eVenezuela

Umlando nokwenziwa kwamakoloni eVenezuela

La ikoloni laseVenezuela lenziwa yiSpain kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX kwaze kwaqala Izimpi Zenkululeko. Kungalesi sikhathi samakholoni lapho kubekwa khona izisekelo zalokho okwakuzoba yisizwe saseVenezuela. Lokho, inhlanganisela yamasiko aseSpain, e-Afrika nawomdabu, ukusetshenziswa kweSpanishi njengolimi oluyinhloko.

Kwakungalesi sikhathi futhi lapho UbuKrestu bamukelwa, kanye nokuklanywa kwemingcele yekoloni, ngaphezu kwenhlangano yendawo ezogcina yakha uCaptaincy General. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, abaseSpain babephethe ngokuphelele indawo engasogwini, i-Andes, kanye nezinye izindawo. AmaLlanos nendawo eseningizimu kwaqhubeka kwaba yizindawo ezaziphethwe ngabomdabu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabaseSpain nabomdabu kwakuvamile, okwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-XNUMX.

Siyabonga ku ikoloni laseSpain eVenezuela, kwasungulwa amadolobha amaningi futhi abalulekile anjengeValencia, iCoro, iBarcelona, ​​iPuerto Cabello, iSantiago de León de Caracas neMaracaibo. Ngaleso sikhathi, idolobha laseCaracas laliyindlunkulu yeCaptaincy General, nayo eyayinomthwalo wokulawula isifunda, esasincike kwiViceroyalty yaseSanta Fe de Bogotá.

Kuyathakazelisa nokusho lokho ngesikhathi sekoloniyali senzeka kuleli, kanye nakuwo wonke amakoloni aseSpain, a ukuhlukaniswa okuphawulwe phakathi kwama-castes noma amafa. Ngaleso sikhathi umbandela womjaho wawunesisindo esibaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla ezepolitiki ayesezandleni zemindeni yabelungu, ababeyinzalo yamaSpanish namaCreoles, azalelwa kuleyo ndawo. Futhi nokuthi babaziwa nangokuthi amaMantuanos.

Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, umphakathi wamakoloni uhlangabezana nesimo esibucayi futhi ngenxa yalokho kwaqala ukunyakaza kwenkululeko, okwakungumbono wokuzimela kwekoloni okwagcina kwenzekile ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye.

Ekugcineni, ukusho nje ukuthi isikhathi lapho kucatshangelwa khona ezombusazwe, sizokwandisa ikoloni laseVenezuela kuze kube unyaka we-1821, ngenkathi ezifundazweni ezinjengeMaracaibo neCoro, ngaphezu kwedolobha lasePuerto Cabello, isikhathi samakholoni sasiyoqhubeka kuze kube ngu-1823.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*