UVishnu: Omunye wonkulunkulu ababaluleke kakhulu eNdiya

Ungathanda ukuya eNdiya eholidini lakho elilandelayo futhi unentshisekelo yokuthola okwengeziwe ngamasiko namasiko alo? Esinye sezici ezingaziwa kakhulu ngabantu baseNtshonalanga inkolo yamaHindu, ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazi indlela yokucabanga nokuzizwa kwabantu baseNdiya.

Inkolo yamaHindu igcwele izinganekwane nezimangaliso ezinhle ezenziwa onkulunkulu, onkulunkulu, amademoni, abantu nezinye izidalwa. Kodwa-ke, onkulunkulu abakhulu bamaHindu bangabantu abathathu: uBrahma, uVishnu noShiva. Ngamunye umele amandla abalulekile okukhona kwendawo yonke: umdali wayo nguBrahma, amandla okuqhubeka nguVishnu kanti amandla abhubhisayo nguShiva. Bobathathu bangamaTrimurti noma "amafomu amathathu" ngesiSanskrit, okungukuthi, uZiqu-zintathu wamaHindu.

Iyiphi indima i-Trimurti enayo? Ziyini izindima zikankulunkulu ngamunye ngaphakathi kwalo? Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizongena enkolweni yamaHindu ukuze sazi labonkulunkulu abathathu futhi ikakhulukazi uVishnu kancane kangcono. Qhubeka ufunda ngemuva kokugxuma!

I-Trimurti

Njengoba ngishilo, abathathu bangonkulunkulu ababaluleke kakhulu bobuHindu: uBrahma, uVishnu noShiva. Zonke zakha i-trimurti futhi ngayinye yazo inamandla afinyelela ibhalansi yendawo yonke, ukuze kungenzeki ukukhulelwa kwendalo (Brahma) noma ukubhujiswa kwendawo yonke (Shiva). Ngaphezu kwalokho, empeleni ukulondolozwa kwayo kungamandla asekela ukuhleleka komhlaba. Yile ndlela abathembekile bale nkolo abayiqonda ngayo indawo yonke ngakho-ke ukubaluleka okukhulu kwalabo nkulunkulu abakuyo.

Kusuka eBrahma Brahmanism yasungulwa eNdiya. Igatsha lobuHindu elimthatha njengonkulunkulu ophakeme, umsuka wabo bonke abanye onkulunkulu, abayizibonakaliso zakhe. Kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwama-Aryan, kwazalwa iBrahmanism, eyabona uShiva noVishnu njengonkulunkulu abancane.

Vishnu uyaba ubani?

Waziwa enkolweni yamaHindu njengonkulunkulu wobuhle nokongiwa, ungunkulunkulu oyinhloko wesimanje seVaisnavism okuyigatsha lamaHindu elinoVishnu njengonkulunkulu ophakeme. Ngokwalesi sikhathi samanje, ekubeni ngumdali wendawo yonke, lo nkulunkulu wanquma ukuziveza nge-trimurti noma "ngezindlela ezintathu."

UVishnu ubekwe icala lokulinganisa okuhle nokubi emhlabeni futhi abantu bamcela usizo ekutholeni indlela yensindiso.

Ukuchazwa kwe-Etymological kaVishnu

Lapho kuhlaziywa igama likankulunkulu ngomqondo walo we-etymological, ingxenye yempande "vis" isho ukuxazulula noma ukugcwala okungavela ukuveza enye yezimfanelo zikaVishnu "lowo ogcwala yonke into."

Ngale ndlela, kufinyelelwa esiphethweni sokuthi igama lakhe libhekisa kunkulunkulu okhulelise zonke izinto nezidalwa ezihlala emhlabeni. Ukuqala kulokhu, uVishnu akakhawulwanga ngesikhathi, isikhala noma into. Amandla akhe awanamkhawulo. Ngokufanayo, kukhona abacwaningi abagcina ukuthi ukuhunyushwa kwe-etymological kwegama "yilokho okungena konke."

Uchazwa kanjani uVishnu?

Uvame ukumelwa njengonkulunkulu onesikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onesimo somuntu nezingalo ezine eziphethe izinto ezahlukahlukene ezinezincazelo ezahlukahlukene:

• I-padma (imbali ye-lotus enamakha ama-Vishnuist ayithandayo)
• I-sudarshaná chakrá (impambaniso efana naleyo egqokwa ngamaqhawe e-ninja uVishnu ayisebenzisayo ukuqeda amademoni)
• I-shankhá (igobolondo le-conch umsindo wayo eNdiya umele ukunqoba ngemuva kokunqoba isitha)
• I-mace yegolide (ukushaya amakhanda ababi)

Uvame ukukhonjiswa ehleli embali ye-lotus noLaksmi, umlingani wakhe, kwelinye lamadolo akhe. Ungunkulunkulukazi wenhlanhla futhi uzibonakalisa ku-bhuti-sakti (indalo) naku-kriya-sakti (umsebenzi wokudala). Njengoba uVishnu engeke abe yingxenye yobuciko bakhe (ahamta) noma amandla akhe, udinga umngane ohlala naye njalo. Ngalesi sizathu unkulunkulukazi uLaksmi kufanele ahambisane noVishnu kukho konke ukuzalwa kwakhe.

Yiziphi izimfanelo ezingokwasezulwini zikaVishnu futhi uhlonishwa kanjani?

Unkulunkulu uVishnu unezimpawu ezahlukahlukene zaphezulu: ukuthola lokho akufunayo (prakamya), ukuphakama (isitva), ikhwalithi yokucindezela izifiso (kama vasayitva), ukulawula abanye (vasitva), ukufeza noma yini (prapti), amandla angaphezu kwawemvelo (aishwaria), ulwazi (gnana) noma amandla (shakti), phakathi kwabanye abaningi.

Akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi uVishnu waqala nini ukukhulekelwa noma kanjani. Ekuhlanganisweni kwezinkolelo zama-Aryan (amaVeda) lo nkulunkulu uhlotshaniswa kakhulu ne-Indra futhi wahlukaniswa njengonkulunkulu omncane. Kamuva kuphela waba yingxenye ye-trimurti enkolweni yamaHindu futhi waba ngunkulunkulu obaluleke kunabo bonke balolu kholo.

Namuhla amaHindu akholelwa ukuthi uVishnu wenziwe njengama-avatar ahlukahlukene eMhlabeni futhi lo nkulunkulu ukhonzwa ngendlela yalawa ma-avatar ngokuzikhandla.

Ayini ama-avatar kaVishnu?

Ngaphakathi kobuHindu, i-avatar ingukuzalwa kukankulunkulu, ikakhulukazi uVishnu. Lokho kungukuthi, okulingana nezidalwa zamuntu ezinganekwaneni zamaGrikhi namaRoma. Ngaphakathi kweVaisnavism, laba abalingiswa babuthana ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene ngokobuntu nangeqhaza elichazwe emiBhalweni.

• UVanáá: umjondolo, uphume ngeqhinga-iugá.
• UMatsia: inhlanzi, uvele satia-iugá.
• I-Kurma: ufudu, lwaphuma nge-satia-jugá.
• UVaraja: ingulube yasendle, ivele ku-satia-iugá.
• I-Narasinja - Ingxenye yengonyama, isigamu sendoda Waphuma e-satia-iugá eyonqoba idimoni uJirania Kashipú.
• I-Parashurama: (I-Rama nge-ax), ivele ku-treta-jugá.
• URama: inkosi yase-Aiodhia, yaphuma e-treta-iugá.
• UKrishna: (okhangayo) uvele e-duapara-iugá, kanye nomfowabo uBalaram. Iningi lokunyakaza kwamaVisnuist limbona njengomuntu onguVishnu.
• UBuddha: (isazi) saphuma eKali-iugá. Izinhlobo ezingakhulumi ngoBuddha njengesimo se-avatar sesishiyagalolunye iBalaram esikhundleni salokho.
• UKalki: umbhubhisi wokungahlanzekile. Kulindeleke ukuthi ivele ekugcineni kwe-kali-iugá.

Iminyaka yesintu

KubuHindu ubu-iuga bungesinye sezikhathi ezine lapho inkathi enkulu noma i-majā iuga ihlukaniswe phakathi. Izinkathi ezine noma ama-iugas yilawa:

• I-Satia-iuga (inkathi yeqiniso): iminyaka engu-1.728.000 ubudala.
• UDuapara-iuga: iminyaka engama-864.000 ubudala.
• UTreta-iuga: uneminyaka engu-1.296.000 XNUMX ubudala.
• IKáli-iuga: inkathi yedemoni iKali iminyaka engama-432.000.