Ngalesi sikhathi sizokhuluma nge- ezombusazwe e-india. Ake siqale ngokusho ukuthi i-India yintando yeningi enabantu abaningi emhlabeni. Yiriphabhuliki yasephalamende enohlelo lwamaqembu amaningi olwamukelwe eziyisithupha amaqembu ezwe.
El iqembu lenhlangano I-India ithathwa njengesikhungo sobunxele noma 'esivulekile', ngenkathi iqembu BJP maphakathi kwesokudla noma 'olondolozayo'.
ERepublic of India ezintathu zokuqala ukhetho jikeleleNgo-1951, 1957 nango-1962, uJawaharlal Nehru weqembu leCongress wahola ukunqoba. Ekushoneni kukaNehru ngo-1964, uLal Bahadur Shastri waba undunankulu kafushane, futhi waphumelela, ngemuva kokufa kwakhe okungalindelekile ngo-1966 ngu-Indira Gandhi, owahola iCongress Party ekunqobeni okhethweni ngo-1967 nango-1971.
Ngemuva kokungagculiseki komphakathi, kwamenyezelwa isimo esibucayi ngo-1975, iCongress Party yaphuma embusweni ngo-1977. Iqembu elisha iJanata Party, elaliphikisana nesimo sezimo eziphuthumayo, lanqoba futhi uhulumeni walo wahlala isikhathi esingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu. Ekhethwe ukuba abuyele emandleni ngo-1980, iqembu leCongress laveza ushintsho ebuholini ngo-1984, ngenkathi u-Indira Gandhi ebulawa, futhi walandelwa yindodana yakhe uRajiv Gandhi, owanqoba okhethweni lukazwelonke ngalowo nyaka.
Iqembu leCongress laphinde laqokwa ngo-1989 lapho umfelandawonye iNational Front, oholwa yiJanata Dal Party esanda kusungulwa, ngokubambisana neLeft Front, wawina ukhetho.
Ukhetho lwabanjwa futhi ngo-1991, alikho iqembu elathola iningi eliphelele. Kepha iqembu leCongress likwazile ukusungula uhulumeni wabambalwa oholwa ngu-PV Narasimha Rao.
Isikhathi seminyaka emibili sesiyaluyalu sezepolitiki salandela ukhetho lukazwelonke lwango-1996. I-BJP yakha uhulumeni omfushane ngo-1996. Ngo-1998, iBJP yakwazi ukwakha umfelandawonye ophumelelayo, iNational Democratic Alliance, oholwa ngu-Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
Okhethweni lukazwelonke lwango-2004, alikho iqembu elathola iningi eliphelele, kepha iqembu leCongress lavela njengeqembu elikhulu kakhulu.
I-UPA ibuyele emandleni okhethweni lukazwelonke lwango-2009 isibalo esikhudlwana. Ngawo lowo nyaka, uManmohan Singh, waba nguNdunankulu waseJawaharlal Nehru ngo-1957 nango-1962 ukuba aphinde aqokelwe iminyaka emihlanu elandelanayo.
Photo: The new nsuku zonke