Lokacin da muke tunanin Kyuba sai su tuna Varadero, sanannen Malecón a Havana ko titunan ta cike da motoci na da, amma ba safai muke kutsa kai cikin waccan koda tsarkakakkiyar al'ada wacce ke mamaye wasu kusurwa na tsibiri mafi girma a cikin Caribbean.
Ofayan kyawawan misalai suna zaune a cikin gine-ginen da aka sani da bohíos, sunan da aka ba gidan Taino na Cuba a Cuba gina a lokacin pre-Columbian times. Shin muna neman tsari a ƙarƙashin rufin laka da dabino? Kuma idan zai yiwu, a kan auduga raga?
Cuba: al'adun gidaje na Taino
Kafin zuwan Christopher Columbus zuwa Cuba da wasu tsibirai na Caribbean a 1492, an riga an gano tsibirin habanos da mojitos ta abin da ake kira Taínos, maza ne waɗanda suka zo daga Kudancin Amurka ta bakin Kogin Orinoco, fiye da shekaru 4.500 da suka gabata. Tainos ba wai kawai sun isa tsibirai kamar Bahamas ba, har ma sun bazu zuwa Manyan Antilles, wanda Cuba ke da su, da Antananan Antilles.
Bayan isowarsu, Tainos sun gano cewa dabbobi da filayen Cuba sun sha bamban da na dajin Amazon: akwai nau'ikan dabino iri sittin daban daban, gonakin kofi kuma an maye gurbin ganyen daji da rairayin bakin teku, tsaunuka, tsaunuka da filaye. wanda ya daidaita damar daidaitawa a wannan sabon wuri.
Ta wannan hanyar, sababbi suka fara gina gidajensu saboda sabbin kayan aiki, wanda hakan ya haifar da bukkar Taino Cuba da ake kira bohío. Sauƙaƙan bukkoki waɗanda aka yi su da abubuwa kamar itace da ganye waɗanda aka samo musamman daga itacen dabino na masarauta. Taínos sun kafa gidajensu a kan wani tsari mai zagaye, an kafa su tare da ginshiƙan katako masu ƙarfi da katako don tsarin ya iya tsayayya da iska mai haɗari na Caribbean. Hakanan, an yi amfani da ciyayi da ganyen dabino don ɗaga bango, waɗanda aka haɗa abubuwan da ke ciki tare da lianas.
Duk da rashin windows, bukkoki suna da iska mai kyau tunda kayan halitta da aka yi amfani da su sabo ne kuma sun ba da izinin zufa mafi kyau. An gina rufin gidan da yaguas da laka da aka haɗa su, don hana magudanar ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama. Game da ciki, bukkoki suna da sanduna waɗanda ake yin katako da ƙyallen auduga. Tabbas, mafi girman mazauni mallakar shugaban (ko shugaban) ƙabilu ne.
Bukkoki sun zama wurin bacci, hutawa ko damuwa yayin rashin lafiya, tunda 'yan Taínos sun kwashe yawancin lokacinsu a waje. A cikin bukkar babu wuya wasu abubuwa ko wasu abubuwa sai dai kujerar katako mai ƙafa huɗu wacce aka fi sani da dujo, jiragen ruwa ko kwantena, wasu abubuwa na addini da makamai.
Duk da cewa a farkon bukkokin sun fi zagaye kuma suna da rufin kwano, Hakanan sun kasance suna da siffar mai kusurwa huɗu a ƙarƙashin rufin ruɗaɗɗu, wahayi zuwa ga tsarin mulkin mallaka da aka tura a cikin shekaru dari biyar bayan zuwan Christopher Columbus a 1492.
A gaskiya ma, za a yi amfani da bukkar a lokacin mulkin mallaka don kiyaye bayin Caribbean, wanda kuma daga baya ya fara rayuwa ba kawai tare da bayin da aka kawo daga Afirka ba, har ma da sanyin China. Ya kasance game da cin gajiyar gine-ginen da suka samo, tunda ciyayi da kayan sun banbanta da na Turai.
Gidan bukka mai kusurwa huɗu zai haifar da kirkirar sanannen bariki, ingantaccen gini a cikin mallakar bayi na Brazil amma wanda ke Cuba an iyakance shi wurin zama wurin ajiyar masu mallakar kofi. Hakanan ba a sami bariki da yawa ba, tunda gininsu, bisa gini da kayan da suka fi tsada, bai dace da kasafin kuɗin wasu magabata da masu mallakar ƙasa ba, don haka bukkar ta zama kyakkyawar madadin riƙe bayi, musamman Taíno wanda zasu ci gaba da zama tare a wasu kusurwa na tsibirin Cuba har zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni na XNUMX.
Ziyarci gidan Taino a Cuba
Idan kayi tafiya zuwa Cuba, gano kyawawan al'adun ta fiye da yadda akeyi highlights yawon bude ido ya zama dole, kasancewar Los bohíos kyakkyawan misali ne na ƙabilar, kakannin kakanninmu da ɗabi'ar Cuba har yanzu yana wanzuwa a wasu kusurwa na tsibirin.
A halin yanzu, bangaren Kyuba wanda ke da ɗimbin bukkoki ya dace da gabashin tsibirin, musamman a Baracoa, wani wuri wanda yayi aiki azaman mahaɗi tsakanin Cuba da Hispaniola (Haiti da Dominican Republic) a lokacin pre-Columbian da mulkin mallaka.
A wannan wurin har yanzu mutane suna magana game da shi Jarumin Taíno Hatuey, wanda aka sani da Rean Tawaye na Farko na yankin Caribbean da bukkoki suna haskakawa kusa da kurmin dabino, kasancewa samfurin gidaje da aka dawo dasu a cikin shekarun da suka gabata saboda ƙarancin farashi da daidaitawarta zuwa tsibirin mai ɗumi da mahaukaciyar ruwan sama da ruwan sama suka kaiwa hari. Bukkoki waɗanda ba su manta da asalin zamanin ba kuma waɗanda kamanninsu tare da wurare masu zafi ya sanya su wurare watakila ba mai sauƙin hangowa da farko ba.
In ba haka ba, koyaushe wannan gajimare na hayaƙin da ke ba mai bukkar dafa shi kofi na farko da safe zai jagorance ku.